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SAINS TERBUKA (OPEN SCIENCE) DAN DEKOLONISASI PENGETAHUAN: STUDI KASUS ILMU SEJARAH
Get PDFSince the nineteenth century, social and humanities sciences had been predominantly dominated by Western scholars. Many Western scholars traveled to Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, gathering data from local sources in order to develop theories from their perspectives. Unfortunately, those theories were uncritically accepted by local scholars, applied in local cases and problems. The domination of social and humanities sciences by Western academia attracts “Third World” scholars to criticize it. They urge local scholars to decolonize Western-centric theories and concepts which have been imitated and applied in local problems without criticism. In this article, the author investigates the role of Sains Terbuka (Open Science) on decolonizing humanities science in Indonesia and Turkey. The author only observes history science as a case study rather than investigating all branches of social and humanities sciences. In this article, the author uses descriptive-analytic method through the historical approach, gathering data from literature and scientific journals to analyze attempts of Indonesian and Turkish scholars to oppose Western Centric theories and concepts. The author also explains that the rise of digital-based history sources plays a vital role in supporting the decolonization of knowledge and Sains Terbuka in Turkey and Indonesia. This research collects several online and digital-based history sources, such as the Khastara National Library of Indonesia collection and ISAM Library collection that have been often used by Indonesian and Turkish historians for their research. In this article, the author argues that open access of digital sources is highly important for historians to gather myriad data in local languages, encouraging them to create new theories and concepts that are free from Western Centric views
Cold War Order and Technology Development in Indonesia
Get PDFAfter revolution period (1949-1950), Indonesians had to face several social and economic problem, urging development in all sectors of life. They needed to build public transportation, communication, education, health and agriculture, emphasizing on “developmentalism†in modernizing society. Meanwhile, Indonesia and other Third World countries also urged decolonization through anti-Westernism and anti-Imperialism. Relations between decolonization and development opened a new discourse in Third World countries in 1950’s. Constructivism approach in political science and international relations emphasize excessively on military and ideological conflicts among liberalism and communism. However, the studies ignore pragmatic view of Third World countries during Cold War in order to develop the countries in economic and social lives. Author finds that Cold War Order forced Third World countries to adapt with anti-imperialism ideology and development necessities. Third World leaders, such as Sukarno, Nehru, Nasser, did not always view Cold War from political rivalry perspective. They urged Third World countries to be strong and advance country through development of new technology. In 1959 Indonesia, for instance, established Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) in order to produce future Indonesian engineers and scientists. Sukarno also built Planetarium and Observatorium in order to encourage research on astronomy science. Cold War Order which rose after 1940’s offered opportunities for building technology. Indonesia and other Third World countries received many opportunities from Great Powers in building science and technology. In this article, author observes another story of Cold War which not only emphasizes on political and military conflict, but “cooperation†and “development†in building science and technology. Author argues that Cold War Order was not solely shape political conflict among Great Powers in Third World countries,  yet it offered opportunities for Indonesia to develop technology
Madrasah dan Jenjang Karir di Negara Usmani pada Masa Klasik (1300-1600)
Get PDFThis article focuses on history of education in Muslim world in from fourteenth until seventeenth centiuries in Ottoman state. As the most important Muslim state in the world during classical period (1300-1600), Ottoman state became the role model of education system for Muslims. Influenced by Seljuk Anatolia state, Ottoman built education through medrese system controlled by state. The system supported the state to design career development for its subject. In addition to devşirme system, medrese system provided large opportunity for its subject to obtain career as teacher and professor (müderris), judge (kadı), and bureaucrat (kalemiye). Research method in this article are qualitative and bibliographical research. Author examines historical reseources to analyze research problem. The aim of research is to observe and analyze relationship between education system and career development in Ottoman state. According to this research, author concludes that medrese system in Ottoman state provided opportunity for its subject to participate in social mobility thorugh its career in government circle
Java Government Gazette: Koleksi Surat Kabar Berbahasa Inggris Abad Ke-19 Di Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia
Get PDFThomas Stanford Raffles was one of the governors general who ruled Java between 1811 and 1816. His short period of power is often overlooked by historians. Nevertheless, Raffles\u27 reign played an important role in Indonesian history before independence. The first English language newspaper published during Raffles\u27 reign was the Java Government Gazette. This article investigates and analyzes the Java Government Gazette in the collection of the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia. This newspaper was published between 1812 and 1816. The Java Government Gazette newspaper played a significant role as a source for the history of the Dutch East Indies in the early 19th century. In fact, this newspaper also shows how the Dutch East Indies cannot be separated from the global dynamics of the 19th century. This newspaper provides various information, such as the slave trade, ship transportation, buying and selling of assets and products and information regarding the British and French conflict. This research method is a qualitative method that emphasizes the analysis of historical information in the Java Government Gazette newspaper. In this research, the author argues that the Java Government Gazette newspaper is an important historical source for understanding the position of the Dutch East Indies at the beginning of the 19th century from a global historical perspective
Koleksi Surat Kabar Langka Perpustakaan Nasional RI sebagai sumber informasi sejarah Indonesia pada masa revolusi (1949-1950): Studi Kasus Surat Kabar Berita Indonesia, Al-Djihad dan Ra’jat
Get PDFNewspaper is one of non-book library collection which is important in delivering information. National Library of Indonesia is a library whose the largest newspaper collection in Indonesia. One of the most prominent collection in the library is Indonesian newsapaper published during revolution period (1949-1950). Many of which published during revolution period has given abundance information about condition in Indonesia, including diplomacy and struggle activity. This article explains information literacy regarding Indonesian history during revolution. This research was conducted using a qualitative method using a descriptive and historical approach through field observations of the collection of Indonesian newspapers published during the revolution at the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia. Author focuses on explaining the National Library of Indonesia’s rare newspaper collection published during revolution period (1949-1950)
Koleksi surat kabar langka Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia sebagai sumber penelitian sejarah global
Get PDFRare newspapers are one of the primary sources that can be used in historical research. Historians often use newspapers as a source of research. Therefore historians often come to the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia to conduct consultations on newspaper collections. Librarians should help historians find this main source. Thus, this research explains how the rare newspaper collection can be useful for historians in researching global history. The method used in this paper was descriptive qualitative. This method conducted a description and analysis to a research object, where the researcher a qualitative analysis of the research object. This study surveyed ten newspapers and sorted them into six papers, which were then analyzed. From the study results, the authors found that six rare newspapers in the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia could be used as a primary source in researching global history. The six papers were 'Oetoesan Hindia', 'Pancaran Warta', 'Keng Po', 'Warta Hindia', 'Pemandangan', and 'Soeara Oemoem.’ The conclusions of this research are; first, newspapers can be used as a primary source of global history because they contain writings that respond to global dynamics. Second, criteria for newspapers that can be used as a source of global history research are those that provide information and opinions on global developments
PEMANFAATAN MONOGRAF DAN BERKALA LANGKA UNTUK PENULISAN ARTIKEL ILMIAH
No full textMenulis artikel ilmiah merupakan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki oleh sarjana dan peneliti di berbagai institusi. Dengan menulis artikel ilmiah, para sarjana dan peneliti akan memiliki posisi dan kekuatan untuk berkompetisi secara global. Meskipun demikian, banyak peneliti yang belum mampu menulis artikel ilmiah dengan baik. Salah satu hambatan dalam menulis artikel ilmiah adalah tahap pencarian data (heuristik). Dalam artikel ini, penulis memaparkan bagaimana manfaat monograf dan berkala langka sebagai data untuk menulis artikel ilmiah. Meskipun koleksi ini lebih banyak dimanfaatkan oleh sejarawan, namun pusrtakawan, dan juga profesi lain, juga dapat mengambil manfaat yang besar dari koleksi ini. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mencoba menjelaskan dan menganalisis berbagai macam koleksi yang monograf dan berkala langka. Penulis berargumen bahwa koleksi monograf dan berkala langka belum banyak dieksplorasi oleh para sarjana. Jika pustakawan dan sarjana ilmu perpustakaan dapat memanfaatkan koleksi ini, maka terdapat banyak keuntungan untuk memperkuat posisi pustakawan dan ilmu perpustakaan itu sendiri
Setelah Mongol: Osman Gazi dan Kepemimpinan Muslim di Anatolia abad ke-14
Get PDFAbad ke-13 menjadi masa yang penting bagi Temujin atau Jengis Khan. Setelah dinobatkan menjadi pemimpin Mongol, dia terus melakukan ekspansi dari Asia Tengah, Anatolia, Eurasia hingga berada di depan gerbang Vienna. Abad ke-13 dapat dikatakan sebagai ‘Periode Mongol’ karena Mongol menjadi imperium dunia yang sangat berpengaruh. Ekspansi Mongol telah menghancurkan para penguasa lama, seperti Abasiyah dan Seljuk Agung. Para pasukan nomaden Turki atau beylik yang selama ini membantu Seljuk kemudian hidup berpencar menghindari ppersekusi Mongol. Setelah kekuasaan Mongol meredup, banyak penguasa beylik Turki mulai muncul sebagai penguasa yang independen. Di Anatolia, para bey dengan beylik-nya menciptakan kekuasaan baru. Osman Gazi (1302-1324), pendiri Negara Usmani, merupakan salah satu penguasa Anatolia yang muncul pasca invasi Mongol. Dalam artikel ini, penulis membahas mengenai bagaimana kepemimpinan Muslim di Anatolia pasca periode Mongol. Dengan demikian, penulis akan melihat kebangkitan Osman Gazi sebagai studi kasus terhadap kebangkitan penguasa Muslim di Anatolia
NEGARA USMANI DAN HILAL AHMER CEMIYETI DI INDONESIA SELAMA PERANG DUNIA I (1914-1918)
Get PDFSetelah Syaihulislam Usmani, Ali Hayri Efendi, membacakan deklarasi jihad di Masjid Fatih, Istanbul pada November 1914, Usmani melakukan mobilisasi besar-besaran guna memenangkan Perang Dunia I (1914-1918). Muslim di seluruh dunia juga mengetahui kabar bergabungnya Usmani ke dalam koalisi Triple Entente dalam Perang Dunia I. Deklarasi jihad pun disebarkan melalui surat kabar-surat kabar lokal di dunia Islam (Alem-i Islam), termasuk Indonesia. Muslim Indonesia, kebanyakan Arab Hadrami, kemudian membentuk Komite Hilal Ahmer Cemiyeti (Hilal Ahmer Cemiyeti) guna mengumpulkan donasi yang digunakan untuk membantu orang-orang Usmani yang sedang mengalami kesulitan selama perang. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pembentukan Komite Hilal Ahmer Cemiyeti di Indonesia untuk membantu negara Usmani. Dengan menggunakan sumber primer  berupa surat kabar Indonesia yang tersimpan di Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia, penulis ingin melihat sejarah Usmani dan Indonesia pada Perang Dunia I dalam konteks global
TINJAUAN BUKU : MENUJU “CHINESE DREAM” MELALUI JALAN SUTERA BARU
No full textMelalui buku yang berjudul China's Asian Dream, Tom Miller mendeskripsikan bagaimana Cina melakukan ekspansi kebijakan luar negeri melalui serangkaian proyek-proyek infrastruktur dan investasi yang ambisius. Penulisnya menggambarkan dengan detail bagaimana ekspansi Cina ke Asia Tengah, Samudera Hindia, Asia Tenggara. Berkat ekspansi ekonomi ini maka Cina seringkali harus menghadapi negara adikuasa Amerika Serikat yang sudah sejak lama memiliki dominasi kuat di Asia dan Pasifik. Buku ini sangat baik untuk dibaca oleh pembaca akademik maupun umum, khususnya untuk mereka yang tertarik kepada perkembangan isu-isu internasional di kawasan Asia
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