158,915 research outputs found
Stiffness and echogenicity: Development of a stiffness-echogenicity matrix for clinical problem solving
No full textThe assessment of soft tissue stiffness is important to evaluate many neuromusculoskeletal conditions. Several tools have been proposed for the assessment of stiffness, but ultrasonography appears to be most practical. The reflection of ultrasound waves as it travels through tissue enables assessment of tissue echogenicity, which is influenced by the characteristics of the sound wave as well as the characteristics of the tissue through which it passes, such as the amount of fat and fibrous tissue. However, tissue stiffness is not directly proportional to its echogenicity. Hence evaluation of echogenicity, as a stand-alone technique, is inadequate to describe its mechanical properties. The aim of this manuscript is to present a method of combining echogenicity evaluation by ultrasound and stiffness evaluation by palpation to better describe the mechanical properties of muscle using a stiffness-echogenicity matrix
Densification: Hyaluronan Aggregation in Different Human Organs
No full textHyaluronan (HA) has complex biological roles that have catalyzed clinical interest in sev-eral fields of medicine. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of HA aggregation, also called densification, in human organs. The literature suggests that HA aggregation can occur in the liver, eye, lung, kidney, blood vessel, muscle, fascia, skin, pancreatic cancer and malignant mela-noma. In all these organs, aggregation of HA leads to an increase in extracellular matrix viscosity, causing stiffness and organ dysfunction. Fibrosis, in some of these organs, may also occur as a direct consequence of densification in the long term. Specific imaging evaluation, such dynamic ultraso-nography, elasto-sonography, elasto-MRI and T1ρ MRI can permit early diagnosis to enable the clinician to organize the treatment plan and avoid further progression of the pathology and dys-function
Lifetime and g-factor results for the 13 2 - 1985 keV level in 91Nb and the 15 2 - 2288 keV level in 91Zr
No full textO. A. C. Review Volume XLVI Issue 5, February 1934
No full textThe focus of this issue is the preparation for College Royal and recognizing its tenth anniversary. This month's agricultural article is a report from the Dominion Parasite Laboratory on the biological control of pests. Other articles provide an account of the activities of a stage manager and the development of the field of home economics at Macdonald College in Quebec. Campus news addresses the success of the 1934 Conversazione, the commemorating of the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of O. A. C., the attendance at the Canadian Author Lecture, and the successful productions of "The Apple Cart" and "Iolanthe". The Macdonald Institute column comments on the Conversat and women's athletics activities in basketball and the rifle club. The Alumni Record supplies alumni updates.EditorialTen Years of the RoyalRamblings on the RoyalBlame it on the stage managerBiological control of insect pests in CanadaNot for girls onlyCollege lifeLiterary sectionO. A. C. sportsfolioAlumni recordMacdonald newsLetters to the editoradvertisin
O. A. C. Review Volume XXXVI Issue 12, August 1924
No full textThis slim summer issue contains the address given by the agricultural section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, and a report on the visit of this association to the O. A. C. Other articles include instructions on increasing strawberry production and a biography of the author John Masefield. The editorial comments on Rhodes Scholars. The Alumni column provides an update of alumni activities. This issue does not contain a Macdonald column.JoyPresent-day problems in crop productionAfter the strawberry harvestJohn MasefieldVisit of the Agricultural Section of the British Association for the Advancement of ScienceEditorialCollege lifeAlumniadvertisin
Pangio pathala Arjun & Sidharthan & Dahanukar & Raghavan 2022, new species
No full textPangio pathala, new species (Fig. 1) Holotype. KUFOS.FT.2020.1, 32.1 mm SL; India: Kerala: Thiruvanvandoor (9°20’23.09”N, 76°34’48.54”E), 7 m asl., coll. R. Sundar, A. Sidharthan & C. P. Arjun, 25 October 2020. Paratype. KUFOS.FT.2020.2 (c&s), 18.9 mm SL; same data as holotype; KUFOS.FT.2020.3, 22.3 mm SL; India: Kerala: Thiruvanvandoor (9°20’23.09”N, 76°34’48.54”E), 7 m asl., coll. R. Sundar, A. Sidharthan & C. P. Arjun, 11 November 2020. Diagnosis. Pangio pathala is distinguished from all other species of Pangio (except P. bhujia) by the absence of the dorsal fin (vs. presence), presence of four pectoral-fin rays (including an unbranched rudimentary ray) (vs. 5–11), 13 segmented (both branched and unbranched) caudal-fin rays (vs. 14–16), and a unique count of 27 caudal vertebrae (vs. 11–20), the highest among the known members of the genus. Pangio pathala is further distinguished from all other species of Pangio except P. bhujia, P. fusca, P. apoda, P. pulla and P. lidi by the absence of pelvic fins. Pangio pathala differs from its only subterranean congener, P. bhujia, in having four pectoral-fin rays (vs. three); five anal-fin rays (vs. six); greater number of vertebrae (67 vs. 62–63); and a raw genetic distance of 8.1–8.7% in the mitochondrial co1 gene. Description. Morphometric and meristic data are presented in Table 1. Body elongate, oval in cross section, strongly compressed laterally in caudal region.Standard length 14.2–18.2 times body depth; body depth 1.1–1.8 times body width. Caudal peduncle laterally compressed, long, its length 3.6–5.4 times its depth, its depth 2.4–4.4 times its width. Precaudal adipose keels well-developed, deep, long; dorsal adipose keel originating anterior to vertical from anal-fin origin; adipose keel of ventral profile originating immediately posterior to anal-fin base. Scales absent. Head rounded, small, about 10.5–13.1% SL. Eyes small, 4.8–6.5% HL. Mouth subterminal; with three pairs of elongated barbels. Two pairs of maxillary barbels, outer maxillary barbel reaching beyond posterior border of eye; inner maxillary barbel reaching between eye and nare. One pair of mandibular barbels, reaching anterior border of eye. Posterior margin of anterior naris developed into a long (47.53–58.61% HL), pointed flap, referred to as nasal barbel. Pectoral fin narrow, long, thread-like, with four rays including an unbranched rudimentary ray. Anal fin short with rounded margin, with one rudimentary ray followed by four unbranched rays. Pelvic fin and girdle absent. Dorsal fin and dorsal-fin pterygiophores absent. Caudal fin pointed, with both segmented and unsegmented, but unbranched rays: 4 dorsal unsegmented +6 dorsal segmented + 7 ventral segmented + 2 ventral unsegmented rays. Ribs on vertebrae 5–40. Total vertebrae 67 = 40 abdominal + 27 caudal vertebrae. Colouration. In life, body pinkish-red to light pink when freshly collected, becomes brownish pink in captivity, slightly darker on dorsal profile, ventral profile translucent. Eye a tiny small black spot. Caudal region translucent, rendering caudal vertebrae visible. Pectoral, anal, and caudal fins hyaline (Fig. 1a). In preservative, body pale yellowish-white with tiny black eye. Dorsal side of head and body with scattered minute melanophores only visible at 20× magnification. Distribution and habitat. Currently, Pangio pathala is known only from its type locality, Thiruvanvandoor, near the town of Chengannur, Kerala State, India (Fig. 2). Specimens were collected from an overhead water-storage tank connected to an old dug-out well using an electric water pump. The well is approximately 17 feet deep, and drawn water was used for drinking and household activities (Fig. 3). Etymology. The species name is based on the Sanskrit word pâtâla, which means ‘below the feet’, denoting the subterranean realms of the universe—which are located under the earth’s surface. A noun in apposition. Genetic analysis. In the maximum likelihood analysis based on the co1 gene, Pangio pathala and P. bhujia are sister species and form a clade with the other Western Ghats congeners (Fig. 4). Pangio pathala differs from P. bhujia by a raw genetic distance of 8.1–8.7%, and from all its other congeners for which genetic data (mitochondrial co1) are available, by a raw genetic distance of 14.4–19.5% (Table 2). New distribution record for Pangio bhujia. We also take this opportunity to record two specimens of P. bhujia from Indianoor (10°58’56.20”N, 76°2’32.51”E, 37 m. asl) near the town of Kottakkal. The two fish were collected from a shallow channel (<0.1 m depth) originating in a nearby pond (<2 m depth) used for irrigation. The substrate of the channel comprised of laterite soil covered by fallen, decayed leaves. The habitat is similar to the type locality of P. bhujia, which is located around 40 km north. Detailed morphological examination of the specimens, and comparison of its co1 gene sequence, confirmed its conspecificity with P. bhujia (Table 1 and Fig. 4). Co-occurring species in the channel and pond include Lepidocephalichthys thermalis, Pseudosphromenus cupanus, Rasbora dandia, Aplocheilus lineatus, and Puntius vittatus.Published as part of Arjun, C. P., Sidharthan, Arya, Dahanukar, Neelesh & Raghavan, Rajeev, 2022, A new diminutive subterranean eel loach species of the genus Pangio (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Southern India, pp. 89-97 in Zootaxa 5138 (1) on pages 90-93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5138.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/655224
PrePro2004: a data model with pre and post-processor for HEC-HMS
No full textThis thesis presents the design concepts and development of an interface (Pre-
Pro2004) utilizing geodatabases for the Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) of the
Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC). HMS is a rainfall-runoff model which supports
lumped-parameter as well as distributed-parameter based modeling. PrePro2004 uses the
spatial-analysis as well as data handling capabilities of ArcGIS. The spatial data are processed
to create input files for HMS. These input files and the output from HMS are stored
in two geodatabases which were developed using data model concepts. The tools are provided
to reproduce an HMS model from the data inside these geodatabases. The interface
is developed based on the DataCentric approach which brings different hydrologic and
hydraulic models together. This approach aims to attain a long-term goal of utilizing the
same data for different hydrologic or hydraulic models with additional model specific
requirements.
Two case studies are presented to show the applications of the tools developed. The
first case study details the creation of HMS input files for Salado Creek watershed with
Digital Elevation Model as input. It includes the importation of an existing HMS model
for Salado Creek watershed as Appendix C. The second case study details the creation of
HMS input files for the Bull Creek watershed, with land use and soil type data as inputs.
It describes the capabilities of tools developed in detail
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
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