65,500 research outputs found
Rhetoric in the language of real estate marketing
No full text“Des. Res.”, “rarely available”, “viewing essential” – these are all part of the peculiar parlance of housing advertisements which contain a heady mix of euphemism, hyperbole and superlative. Of interest is whether the selling agent’s penchant for rhetoric is spatially uniform or whether there are variations across the urban system. We are also interested in how the use of superlatives varies over the market cycle and over the selling season. For example, are estate agents more inclined to use hyperbole when the market is buoyant or when it is flat, and does it matter whether a house is marketed in the summer or winter? This paper attempts to answer these questions by applying textual analysis to a unique dataset of 49,926 records of real estate transactions in the Strathclyde conurbation over the period 1999 to 2006. The analysis opens up a new avenue of research into the use of real estate rhetoric and its interaction with agency behaviour and market dynamics
The developmental impact of prenatal stress, prenatal dexamethasone and postnatal social stress on physiology, behaviour and neuroanatomy of primate offspring: studies in rhesus macaque and common marmoset
No full textRATIONALE: Exposure of the immature mammalian brain to stress factors, including stress levels of glucocorticoids, either prenatally or postnatally, is regarded as a major regulatory factor in short- and long-term brain function and, in human, as a major aetiological factor in neuropsychiatric disorders. Experimental human studies are not feasible and animal studies are required to demonstrate causality and elucidate mechanisms. A number of studies have been conducted and reviewed in rodents but there are relatively few studies in primates. OBJECTIVES: Here we present an overview of our published studies and some original data on the effects of: (1) prenatal stress on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) re/activity and hippocampus neuroanatomy in juvenile-adolescent rhesus macaques; (2) prenatal dexamethasone (DEX) on HPA activity, behaviour and prefrontal cortex neuroanatomy in infant-adolescent common marmosets; (3) postnatal daily parental separation stress on HPA re/activity, behaviour, sleep and hippocampus and prefrontal cortex neuroanatomy in infant-adolescent common marmoset. RESULTS: Prenatal stress increased basal cortisol levels and reduced neurogenesis in macaque. Prenatal DEX was without effect on HPA activity and reduced social play and skilled motor behaviour in marmoset. Postnatal social stress increased basal cortisol levels, reduced social play, increased awakening and reduced hippocampal glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor expression in marmoset. CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal stress-related environmental events exert short- and long-term effects on HPA function, behaviour and brain status in rhesus macaque and common marmoset. The mechanisms mediating the enduring effects remain to be elucidated, with candidates including increased basal HPA function and epigenetic programming
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
The photochemistry of azaferrocene and its derivatives
No full textChapter one contains a literature survey of the relevant organometallic chemistry and the current understanding of the bonding in these systems, along with a theoretical description of the electronic structure of ferrocene. A brief outline of the techniques used to characterise the photochemical intermediates in this research is presented. The main part of the chapter consists of a literature review of the photo and thermal chemistry o f half sandwich complexes, such as the rj6-arene-chromium tricarbonyl system.
Chapter two opens with a review of the photochemistry of ferrocene, (^-CsHs^Fe and goes on to detail the results of the investigation into the photochemistry of azaferrocene, (775-C5H5)(775-GiH4N)Fe. The photochemistry of azaferrocene is then described in alkane solvents at room temperature using both steady-state photolysis and laser flash photolysis. The matrix photochemistry monitored by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is also presented. Room temperature photolysis using broad band irradiation ( \ xc. > 500 nm) in carbon monoxide saturated cyclohexane produced cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl ij'-pyrrolyl, while monochromatic irradiation (\ xc. = 532 nm) also produced an allyl monocarbonyl complex, e*o-(ij5-C5H5)Fe(CO)(?73-C-C4H4N), as identified by FT-IR. In carbon monoxide doped argon matrixes at 12 K, both (^-CsHs^etCOMr/'-vV^I^N), and (rj5- C5H5)Fe(CO)(771-ALC4H4N) were observed following broad band irradiation (Kxc. > 495 nm) of azaferrocene in a ratio dependent on the concentration of carbon monoxide in the matrix. Initial photolysis with monochromatic irradiation (XeXC. = 538 nm) followed by broad band irradiation (XeXC. > 495 nm) in carbon monoxide doped matrixes formed an additional monocarbonyl complex, assigned to an azaallyl complex, (rj5-C5H5)Fe(CO)()?3-AA-C4H4N).
Chapter three reviews the photochemistry of (r/5-C5Hs)Fe(CO)2X, (X = Cl, Br, I or CH3, C3H5, C6H5 etc.). In addition, photochemical studies o f (7y5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(ij1-Af-C4H4N) and (jj5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(i?1-A^-C8H6N) are detailed. Steady-state photolysis, laser flash photolysis and in the case of (ij5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(i71-iV-C4H4N), matrix isolation techniques were employed to detect and identify the photochemical intermediates. These results suggest that carbon monoxide loss is the dominant photoprocess. The activation parameters were also measured for the reaction o f the monocarbonyl, (r/5- C5H5)Fe(CO)(?71 -/V-C4H4N) with carbon monoxide to regenerate (i]5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(r?'- N-C4H4N) in carbon monoxide saturated cyclohexane at \ xc. = 355 nm. No significant variation in the rate constant was observed for the reaction o f (?j5-C5H5)Fe(CO)(rj1-A^- C4H4N) with carbon monoxide to reform -(^-CsHs^eiCO^CV-N^HUN), irrespective of the solvent used.
The results of an investigation into the photochemistry of 2,5-dimethylazaferrocene, (r/5-C5H5)(i]5-2,5-C4(CH3)2H2N)Fe are presented in chapter four. High energy photolysis (Xexc. > 410 or = 355 nm) of 2,5-dimethylazaferrocene in carbon monoxide saturated solutions leads to predominantly to the formation of the (r/5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(ij1- yV-2,5-C4(CH3)2H2N) and the iron dimer [(r/5-CsH5)Fe(CO)2]2- Low energy photolysis (^exc. > 500 or = 532 nm) on the other hand, leads to the formation of two more carbonyl containing complexes in addition to the dicarbonyl complex and the dimer described above. Matrix isolation studies in carbon monoxide doped argon matrixes revealed evidence o f intramolecular C-H activation occurring.
The final chapter contains the experimental details of the complexes synthesised, the method used for sample preparation for the flash photolysis experiments. Details of the equipment used for the laser flash photolysis and matrix isolation experiments is also outlined
Insights into the structures adopted by titanocalix[6 and 8]arenes and their use in the ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters
No full textInteraction of p-tert-butylcalix[6]areneH6, L1H6, with [TiCl4] afforded the complex
[Ti2Cl3(MeCN)2(OH2)(L1H)][Ti2Cl3(MeCN)3(L1H)]·4.5MeCN (1·4.5MeCN), in which two pseudo octahedral titanium centres are
bound to one calix[6]arene. A similar reaction but employing THF resulted in the THF ring-opened product [Ti4Cl2(μ3-O)2(NCMe)2(L)2(O(CH2)4Cl)2]·4MeCN (2·4MeCN), where LH4 = p-tert-butylcalix[4]areneH4. Interaction of L1H6 with TiF4 (3
equiv.) led, after work-up, to the complex [(TiF)2(μ -F)L1H]2·6.5MeCN (3·6.5MeCN). Treatment of p-tert-butylcalix[8]areneH8,
L
2H8, with [TiCl4] led to the isolation of the complex [(TiCl)2(TiClNCMe)2(μ3-O)2(L2
)]·1.5MeCN (4·1.5MeCN). From a similar
reaction, a co-crystallized complex [Ti4O2Cl4(MeCN)2(L2
)][Ti3Cl6(MeCN)5(OH2)(L2H2)]·H2O·11MeCN (5·H2O 11MeCN) was
isolated. Extension of the L2H8 chemistry to [TiBr4] afforded, depending on the stoichiometry, the complexes
[(TiBr)2(TiBrNCMe)2(μ3-O)2(L2
)]·6MeCN (6·6MeCN) or [Ti(NCMe)2Br]2[Ti(O)Br2(NCMe)](L2
)]·7.5MeCN (7·7.5MeCN), whilst use
of [TiF4] afforded complexes containing Ca2+ and Na+
, thought to originate from drying agents, namely
[Ti8CaF20(OH2)Na2(MeCN)4(L2
)2]·14MeCN (8·14MeCN), [Na(MeCN)2][Ti8CaF20NaO16(L2
)2]·7MeCN (9·7MeCN) or
[Na]6[Ti8F20Na(MeCN)2(L2
)][Ti8F20Na(MeCN)0.5(L2
)]·15.5(C2H3N) (10·15.5MeCN). In the case of TiI4, the ladder
[(TiI)2(TiINCMe)2(μ3-O)2(L2
)]·7.25CH2Cl2 (11·7.25CH2Cl2) was isolated. These complexes have been screened for their potential
to act as catalysts in the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), δ-valerolactone (δ-VL) and rac-lactide
(r-LA), both in air and N2. For ε-CL and δ-VL, moderate activity at 130 oC over 24 h was observed for 1, 9 and 11; for r-LA,
only 1 exhibited reasonable activity. In the case of the co-polymerization of ε-CL with δ-VL, the complexes 1 and 11 afforded
reasonable conversions and low molecular weight polymers, whilst 4, 6, and 9 were less effective. None of the complexes
proved to be active in the co-polymerization of ε-CL and r-LA under the conditions employed herein.</p
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Phosphoinositide metabolism and aging in aorta from SHR and WKY rats: effects of endothelin-1 and noradrenaline.
No full textOutcome of an educational programme and stroke multidisciplinary competency training on Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) performance and quality of stroke unit care
No full textIntroduction: following analysis of Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) performance in late 2015, it was noted that the service at University Hospital Southampton was achieving “D” for multidisciplinary working “C” for standards by discharge and “B” for the discharge process. Overall unit performance at that time was rated “C”. A multifaceted plan was developed to improve and enhance staff training and development.Methods: all staff were encouraged to promote personal accreditation through signing up to an MDT competency document. This included online training, educational study days, completion of the STARS modules and generic learning about acute stroke management and professionalism. Profession specific training was undertaken such as observation monitoring, documentation and continence care for nursing staff; swallow screen training, nutrition and dietary requirements and communication challenges for speech and language therapists and positioning, handling, equipment use and transfer and gait management for physiotherapy. Occupational therapy training included sessions on cognitive impairment and mood, functional rehabilitation and the use of splints and braces.Results: the education programme and training competency document have become embedded in stroke unit practice.SNNAP performance has improved so that by the end of November 2017, the overall rating was “A” with multidisciplinary working a “C”, standards by discharge a “B” and discharge process an “A”.Conclusion: the creation of a multidisciplinary training programme and competency document has provided beneficial results in improving quality of patient care and this has been demonstrated by enhanced performance in SSNAP outcomes
Phosphoinositide metabolism and aging in aorta from SHR and WKY rats: effects of endothelin-1 and noradrenaline.
No full textMolecular structure of highly excited resonant states in Mg-24 and the corresponding Be-8+O-16 and C-12+C-12 decays
No full textExotic Be-8 and C-12 decays from high-lying resonances in Mg-24 are analyzed in terms of a cluster model. The calculated quantities agree well with the corresponding experimental data. It is found that the calculated decay widths are very sensitive to the angular momentum carried by the outgoing cluster. It is shown that this property makes cluster decay a powerful tool to determine the spin as well as the molecular structures of the resonances.Physics, NuclearSCI(E)7ARTICLE5null8
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