323,457 research outputs found
Fast, linked, and open – the future of taxonomic publishing for plants: launching the journal PhytoKeys
Full text linkThe paper describes the focus, scope and the rationale of PhytoKeys, a newly established, peer-reviewed, open-access journal in plant systematics. PhytoKeys is launched to respond to four main challenges of our time: (1) Appearance of electronic publications as amendments or even alternatives to paper publications; (2) Open Access (OA) as a new publishing model; (3) Linkage of electronic registers, indices and aggregators that summarize information on biological species through taxonomic names or their persistent identifiers (Globally Unique Identifiers or GUIDs; currently Life Science Identifiers or LSIDs); (4) Web 2.0 technologies that permit the semantic markup of, and semantic enhancements to, published biological texts. The journal will pursue cutting-edge technologies in publication and dissemination of biodiversity information while strictly following the requirements of the current International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Free Search and Particle Swarm Optimisation applied to Non-constrained Test
Full text linkThis article presents an evaluation of Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) with variable inertia weight and Free Search (FS) with variable neighbour space applied to nonconstrained numerical test. The objectives are to assess how high convergence speed reflects on adaptation to various test problems and to identify possible balance between convergence speed and adaptation, which allows the algorithms to complete successfully the process of search on heterogeneous tasks with limited computational resources within a reasonable finite time and with acceptable for engineering purposes precision. Modification strategies of both algorithms are compared in terms of their ability for search space exploration. Five numerical tests are explored. Achieved experimental results are presented and analysed
PESI - a taxonomic backbone for Europe
Full text linkThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
Data ownership and data publishing
No full text"Data ownership" is actually an oxymoron, because there could not be a copyright (ownership) on facts or ideas, hence no data onwership rights and law exist. The term refers to various kinds of data protection instruments: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) (mostly copyright) asserted to indicate some kind of data ownership, confidentiality clauses/rules, database right protection (in the European Union only), or personal data protection (GDPR) (Scassa 2018). Data protection is often realised via different mechanisms of "data hoarding", that is witholding access to data for various reasons (Sieber 1989). Data hoarding, however, does not put the data into someone's ownership. Nonetheless, the access to and the re-use of data, and biodiversuty data in particular, is hampered by technical, economic, sociological, legal and other factors, although there should be no formal legal provisions related to copyright that may prevent anyone who needs to use them (Egloff et al. 2014, Egloff et al. 2017, see also the Bouchout Declaration).
One of the best ways to provide access to data is to publish these so that the data creators and holders are credited for their efforts. As one of the pioneers in biodiversity data publishing, Pensoft has adopted a multiple-approach data publishing model, resulting in the ARPHA-BioDiv toolbox and in extensive Strategies and Guidelines for Publishing of Biodiversity Data (Penev et al. 2017a, Penev et al. 2017b). ARPHA-BioDiv consists of several data publishing workflows:
Deposition of underlying data in an external repository and/or its publication as supplementary file(s) to the related article which are then linked and/or cited in-tex. Supplementary files are published under their own DOIs to increase citability).
Description of data in data papers after they have been deposited in trusted repositories and/or as supplementary files; the systme allows for data papers to be submitted both as plain text or converted into manuscripts from Ecological Metadata Language (EML) metadata.
Import of structured data into the article text from tables or via web services and their susequent download/distribution from the published article as part of the integrated narrative and data publishing workflow realised by the Biodiversity Data Journal.
Publication of data in structured, semanticaly enriched, full-text XMLs where data elements are machine-readable and easy-to-harvest.
Extraction of Linked Open Data (LOD) from literature, which is then converted into interoperable RDF triples (in accordance with the OpenBiodiv-O ontology) (Senderov et al. 2018) and stored in the OpenBiodiv Biodiversity Knowledge Graph
In combination with text and data mining (TDM) technologies for legacy literature (PDF) developed by Plazi, these approaches show different angles to the future of biodiversity data publishing and, lay the foundations of an entire data publishing ecosystem in the field, while also supplying FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data to several interoperable overarching infrastructures, such as Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Biodiversity Literature Repository (BLR), Plazi TreatmentBank, OpenBiodiv, as well as to various end users
Robust estimation in structural equation models using Bregman and other divergences with t-centre approach to estimate the covariance matrix
Full text linkStructural equation models seek to find causal relationships between latent variables by analysing the mean and the covariance matrix of some observable indicators of the latent variables. Under a multivariate normality assumption on the distribution of the latent variables and of the errors, maximum likelihood estimators are asymptotically efficient. The estimators are significantly influenced by violation of the normality assumption and hence there is a need to robustify the inference procedures. Previous work minimized the von Neuman divergence or its variant the total von Neumann divergence to estimate the parameters, with the minimum covariance determinant used as a robust estimator of the covariance matrix. We extend this approach by considering other divergences and by developing a robust estimate of the covariance matrix. The robust estimator of the covariance matrix developed is a t-centre like estimator based on several minimum covariance determinant estimators ranging from 0% contamination to 50% contamination. The simulation results are promising. The results can be used for robustifying the fit of structural equation models.
References K. A. Bollen. Structural equations with latent variables. Wiley, New York, 1989. http://au.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471011711.html R. W. Butler, P. L. Davies and M. Jhun. Asymptotics for the minimum covariance determinant estimator. Ann. Stat., 21(3):1385–1400, 1993. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2242201 N. J. Higham. Functions of matrices: Theory and computation. SIAM, Philadelphia, 2008. doi:10.1137/1.9780898717778 S. Jayasumana, R. Hartley, M. Salzmann, H. Li and M. Harandi. Kernel methods on the Riemannian manifold of symmetric positive definite matrices. Proc. CVPR IEEE 2013, 73–80, 2013. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2013.17 S. Penev and T. Prvan. Robust estimation in structural equation models using Bregman divergences. CTAC2012, ANZIAM J., 54:C574–C589, 2013. http://journal.austms.org.au/ojs/index.php/ANZIAMJ/article/view/6306 B. C. Vemuri, M. Liu, S.-I. Amari, and F. Nielsen. Total Bregman divergence and its applications to DTI analysis. IEEE T. Med. Imaging., 30(2):475–483, 2011. doi:10.1109/TMI.2010.2086464 S. Verboven and M. Hubert. LIBRA: a MATLAB library for robust analysis, Chemometr. Intell. Lab., 75(2):127–136, 2005. doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2004.06.00
An Eccentric Massive Jupiter Orbiting a Subgiant on a 9.5-day Period Discovered in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Full Frame Images
No full textWe report the discovery of TOI-172 b from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, a massive hot Jupiter transiting a slightly evolved G star with a 9.48-day orbital period. This is the first planet to be confirmed from analysis of only the TESS full frame images, because the host star was not chosen as a two-minute cadence target. From a global analysis of the TESS photometry and follow-up observations carried out by the TESS Follow-up Observing Program Working Group, TOI-172 (TIC 29857954) is a slightly evolved star with an effective temperature of T_{eff} = 5645 ± 50 K, a mass of M_{∗} = 1.128_{-0.061} ^{+0.065} M ⊙, radius of R_{∗} = 1.777_{-0.044} ^{+0.047} R ⊙, a surface gravity of log g_{∗} = 3.993 _{-0.028} ^{+0.027}, and an age of 7.4 _{-1.5} ^{+1.6}. Its planetary companion (TOI-172 b) has a radius of R _{P} = 0.965 _{-0.029} ^{+0.032} R_{J}, a mass of M _{P} = 5.42 _{-0.20} ^{+0.22} M _{J}, and is on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.3806 _{-0.0090} ^{+0.0093} ). TOI-172 b is one of the few known massive giant planets on a highly eccentric short-period orbit. Future study of the atmosphere of this planet and its system architecture offer opportunities to understand the formation and evolution of similar systems. © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51372.001-A; NASA under contract NAS5-26555; FONDECYT Postdoctoral Fellowship Project 3180246, 1171208; CONICYT project BASAL AFB-170002; Ministry for the Economy, Development, and Tourism's Programa Iniciativa Científica Milenio grant IC 120009School of Natural Sciences and Mathematic
Differential Evolution with Enhanced Abilities for Adaptation Applied to Heterogeneous Numerical Optimization
Full text linkThis article presents an exploration of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm with enhanced adaptability. The main purpose of this study is to identify how this search method can cope with changes of the number of variables of a hard design test, unaided. The results clearly show that this method successfully solves the explored functions
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