134,425 research outputs found

    Erratum: Identification of the goat CSN1S1F allele by means of PCR-RFLP method (Animal Genetics (2000) 31 (342))

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    Erratum Ramunno L., Cosenza G., Pappalardo M., Pastore N., Gallo D., Di Gregorio P. & Masina P. (2000) Identi®cation of the goat CSN1S1F allele by means of PCR-RFLP method. Animal Genetics 31, 34

    “Tree-shaped” Copolymers Based on Poly(ethylene glycol) and Atactic and Isotactic Polylactides: Synthesis and Characterization

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    ‘‘Tree-shaped’’ copolymers constituted by an m-PEG trunk and poly(L-lactide) or poly(D,L- lactide) branches were obtained. The m-PEG was functionalized at the terminal chain with two (G1) and four (G2) hydroxyl groups, then reacted with Al(CH3)3 to produce aluminum alkoxide species, active as initiators in the ROP of L- or D,L-lactide. Copolymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, GPC and DSC, and compared with analogous linear copolymers. Characterization of a low-molecular-weight G1 copolymer confirmed the architecture. GPC curves showed monomodal and narrow molecular weight distribution for all the samples, while the melting points of the copolymers seemed more correlated to the archi- tecture than to the composition

    Living Ring-Opening Homo- and Copolymerization of epsilon-Caprolactone and L- and D,L-Lactides by Dimethyl(salicylaldiminato)aluminum Compounds

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    ABSTRACT: The dimethylaluminum compounds {3-tBu-2-(O)C6H3CH=N-R}AlMe2 [R=C6H5 (1); 2,6- iPr2C6H3 (2); C6F5 (3)] were used as initiators in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-capro- lactone, L-lactide, and D,L-lactide. Compound 3, in combination with 1 equiv of methanol, exhibited a living behavior in the ROP of the cyclic esters. Such a feature allowed the preparation of poly(D,L-lactide-block- ε-caprolactone) and poly(L-lactide-block-ε-caprolactone) copolymers. Random copolymers of ε-caprolactone and L-lactide and of ε-caprolactone and D,L-lactide were also synthesized by compound 3. NMR and DSC characterization confirmed a highly random structure of these copolymers, even in the absence of transesterification reactions. All the materials, characterized by GPC, showed high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distributions

    Four-dimensional distribution of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud over Europe observed by EARLINET

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    The eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull in April–May 2010 represents a "natural experiment" to study the impact of volcanic emissions on a continental scale. For the first time, quantitative data about the presence, altitude, and layering of the volcanic cloud, in conjunction with optical information, are available for most parts of Europe derived from the observations by the European Aerosol Research Lidar NETwork (EARLINET). Based on multi-wavelength Raman lidar systems, EARLINET is the only instrument worldwide that is able to provide dense time series of high-quality optical data to be used for aerosol typing and for the retrieval of particle microphysical properties as a function of altitude. In this work we show the four-dimensional (4-D) distribution of the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud in the troposphere over Europe as observed by EARLINET during the entire volcanic event (15 April–26 May 2010). All optical properties directly measured (backscatter, extinction, and particle linear depolarization ratio) are stored in the EARLINET database available at http://www.earlinet.org. A specific relational database providing the volcanic mask over Europe, realized ad hoc for this specific event, has been developed and is available on request at http://www.earlinet.org. During the first days after the eruption, volcanic particles were detected over Central Europe within a wide range of altitudes, from the upper troposphere down to the local planetary boundary layer (PBL). After 19 April 2010, volcanic particles were detected over southern and south-eastern Europe. During the first half of May (5–15 May), material emitted by the Eyjafjallajökull volcano was detected over Spain and Portugal and then over the Mediterranean and the Balkans. The last observations of the event were recorded until 25 May in Central Europe and in the Eastern Mediterranean area. The 4-D distribution of volcanic aerosol layering and optical properties on European scale reported here provides an unprecedented data set for evaluating satellite data and aerosol dispersion models for this kind of volcanic events

    Sexual arousal and sexual inhibition: Qualitative study on Italian men through focus group

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    Objectives The goal of this study was to improve our understanding of men's sexual response and its components, the factors or types of situations that men describe as facilitating or interfering with sexual arousal, as well as men’s sexual desire, especially the psychological, emotional and adaptive factors influencing the sexual response in men. Methods Seventeen focus groups, involving 136 mostly Italian heterosexual men (M age = 38.58 years; range, 20-70), were conducted. 66.9% was in a stable relationship at the time of the research, while 32.34% was single. Focus group were conducted by two male trained moderator, following a discussion guide to facilitate the discussion; that included: a) sexual arousal and its components; b) relationship between sexual arousal and sexual desire; c) Factors that enhance or inhibit sexual arousal. The content of the discussions was analyzed for major themes by two independent coders. Results Participants described a wide range of physical (genital as well as nongenital) and cognitive/affective cues for sexual arousal, which are mostly a consequence of sensorial experience (seeing and touching the partner). Men described the relationship between sexual desire and arousal as being variable and complex, presented a wide range of factors that increased or decreased sexual arousal, related to the context and the relationship with the partner. Results showed substantial variability in both the importance and direction of their effects. Conclusions The findings may help further development of models of sexual response, the development of questionnaires and measures on sexual dysfunctions, and the study on gender differences in sexual desire and arousal
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