5 research outputs found
Como identificar machos suínos subférteis? Suinocultura Industrial, Itu, ed. 300, ano 43, n. 03, p. 14-16, 2021.
No full textIn vitro and in vivo parameters for identification of landrace pigs with low reproductive performance.
No full textAbstract: In pig farming, measurements of production parameters play a fundamental role in the success of the activity. Minimal differences in fertility between breeders can lead to less reproductive efficiency and, less productivity. However, assessing the fertility of each male and the early identification of subfertile males is a difficult task to be performed. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of in vitro and in vivo parameters in the identification of subfertile males of the Landrace breed, aiming to collaborate with genetic improvement programs, routine optimization in the Genetic Diffusion Units (GDUs) and the results of performance. In experiment 1, an approach to identify males with subfertility was evaluated based on retrospective data. For this, the results (averages of birth rates, number of total births and average percentages of female and male piglets per litter) were evaluated for a total of 996 matings and 847 parturitions. The inseminations came from ejaculates of 32 males, who had at least 19 females inseminated with homospermic doses in the concentration of 2.5 x 109 total sperm from the same male. As for the birth rate (BR), an average of 85.47% ± 6.05 was observed with a group of median males, seven males that stood out and one individual (M32) with a performance of 58.06% ± 9.0. For the total number of piglets born (PB) the average was 13.41 ± 0.56, with three males with better performance and one (M32) with very poor performance (8.62 ± 0.59). In experiment 2, it was verified whether evaluations of inseminating doses (ID) of semen in vitro (motility and sperm morphology) after 96 hours of storage had correlations with fertility in vivo, which can be used to identify subfertile males. The evaluations were performed on 30 ejaculates regarding the means of BR and PB, considering only those who had at least 7 females inseminated. There were no correlations between the motility assessments and semen morphological changes and the reproductive parameters evaluated. The results obtained in vivo, referring to BR and PB, demonstrated that it was possible to identify differences between males, the individual (M32) had the worst results for the percentages of BR and PB. It is concluded that there are males of high and low fertility and that only the in vitro analyzes carried out in this study are not enough to categorize them, however, the evaluation of retrospective data was efficient for this purpose. Resumo: Na suinocultura moderna, as mensurações de parâmetros de produção têm papel fundamental para o sucesso da atividade. No entanto, a avaliação da fertilidade de cada macho e a identificação precoce de machos subférteis é uma tarefa difícil de ser realizada. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a utilização de parâmetros in vivo e in vitro na identificação de machos subférteis da raça Landrace, visando colaborar com os programas de melhoramento genético, otimização da rotina nas Unidade de Difusão Genética (UDGs) e dos resultados a campo. No experimento 1, foi proposta uma abordagem de identificação dos machos subférteis tendo como base dados retrospectivos. Para isso, foram avaliados os resultados (médias das taxas de parto, número de nascidos totais e média das porcentagens de leitões fêmeas e machos por leitegada) de um total de 996 coberturas e 847 partos. As inseminações foram oriundas de ejaculados de 32 machos, que tiveram ao menos 19 fêmeas cobertas com doses homospérmicas na concentração de 2,5 x 109 de espermatozoides totais e obrigatoriamente do mesmo macho. Quanto a taxa de parto (TP) obtivemos uma média de 85,47% ± 6,05 e observou-se um grupo de machos medianos, sete machos que se destacaram positivamente e um indivíduo (M32) com um desempenho 58,06 ± 9,0. Para número de leitões nascidos totais (NT) obtivemos uma média de 13,41 ± 0,56 e notou-se três machos com melhor desempenho e um (M32) com péssimo desempenho (8,62 ± 0,59). No experimento 2, foi verificado se as avaliações das doses inseminantes (DI) de sêmen in vitro (motilidade e morfologia espermática) após 96 horas de armazenamento apresentaram correlação com a fertilidade in vivo. As avaliações foram realizadas em 30 ejaculados quanto às médias de TP e NT, considerando apenas ejaculados que tiveram ao menos 7 fêmeas inseminadas. Não foram verificadas correlações entre as avaliações de motilidade e alterações morfológicas do sêmen com os parâmetros produtivos avaliados. Os resultados obtidos in vivo, referentes a TP e NT, mostrou que foi possível identificar diferença entre os machos, onde o indivíduo (M32) apresentou os piores resultados para as porcentagens de TP e NT. Desta forma, pode-se concluir que existem machos de alta e baixa fertilidade e que somente as análises in vitro realizadas neste estudo não são suficientes para categorizá-los, no entanto, a avaliação de dados retrospectivos foi eficiente para esta finalidade
Joint searches for gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos
No full textMany of the astrophysical sources and violent phenomena observed in our Universe are potential joint emitters of gravitational waves and high-energy cosmic radiation, in the form of photons, hadrons, and also neutrinos. This has triggered a collaborative analysis project between gravitational wave detectors and high-energy neutrino telescopes. In this article, we review some of the motivations for having pursuing science jointly and present the effort’s status
Open questions in astrophysically triggered gravitational wave searches
No full textSources of gravitational waves are often expected to also be observable through several other messengers, such as gamma rays, X-rays, optical, radio, and/or neutrino emission. Some of these channels are already being used in searches for gravitational waves with the LIGO-GEO600-Virgo interferometer network, and others are currently being incorporated into new searches. Astrophysical targets include gamma-ray bursts, soft-gamma repeaters, supernovae, and glitching pulsars. The simultaneous observation of electromagnetic or neutrino emission could be a crucial aspect for the first direct detection of gravitational waves. Information on the progenitor, such as trigger time, direction and expected frequency range, can enhance our ability to identify gravitational wave signatures with amplitudes close to the noise floor of the detector. Furthermore, combining gravitational waves with electromagnetic and neutrino observations will enable the extraction of scientific insight that was hidden from us before. The paper discusses the status of transient multimessenger detection efforts as well as intriguing questions that might be resolved in the future by advanced and third generation gravitational wave detector
Search for gravitational wave bursts from six magnetars
No full textSoft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are thought to be magnetars: neutron stars powered by extreme magnetic fields. These rare objects are characterized by repeated and sometimes spectacular gamma-ray bursts. The burst mechanism might involve crustal fractures and excitation of non-radial modes which would emit gravitational waves (GWs). We present the results of a search for GW bursts from six galactic magnetars that is sensitive to neutron star f-modes, thought to be the most efficient GW emitting oscillatory modes in compact stars. One of them, SGR 0501+4516, is likely similar to 1 kpc from Earth, an order of magnitude closer than magnetars targeted in previous GW searches. A second, AXP 1E 1547.0-5408, gave a burst with an estimated isotropic energy >10(44) erg which is comparable to the giant flares. We find no evidence of GWs associated with a sample of 1279 electromagnetic triggers from six magnetars occurring between 2006 November and 2009 June, in GW data from the LIGO, Virgo, and GEO600 detectors. Our lowest model-dependent GW emission energy upper limits for band-and time-limited white noise bursts in the detector sensitive band, and for f-mode ringdowns (at 1090 Hz), are 3.0 x 10(44)d(1)(2) erg and 1.4 x 10(47)d(1)(2) erg, respectively, where d(1) = d(0501)/1 kpc and d(0501) is the distance to SGR 0501+4516. These limits on GW emission from f-modes are an order of magnitude lower than any previous, and approach the range of electromagnetic energies seen in SGR giant flares for the first time
