1,720,969 research outputs found
Politics, Local Governments, and Sharia By-Laws in Indonesia: Revisiting A Common Assumption
Full text linkAfter the fall of Suharto regime, some local governments in Indonesia have adopted Shari’a by-laws. Several studies suggest that this adoption of Shari’a by-laws was influenced mostly by the political motives of the local elites. They used such by-laws as a strategy to gain political supports from Muslim voters. They also used the by-laws to facilitate bribery and electoral corruption using social and religious instruments and to distract people’s attention from ongoing corruption. Although it confirms the political motives behind the adoption of the Shari’a by-laws, this paper suggests that such political motives may not the only factors leading to the introduction of Shari’a by-laws. Based on the study of the political and religious backgrounds of the district heads, who were elected in the local elections between 2008 and 2013, in the six major provinces, this paper indicates that political motives do not play alone. The district heads’ religious backgrounds can be the other important factors contributing to the adoption of Shari’a by-laws by some local governments in Indonesia.Keywords: Shari’a by-laws, politics, local governments, Indonesia
Islamic Philanthropy and the Third Sector: The Portrait of Zakat Organizations in Indonesia
Full text linkThis paper discusses the role of zakat organizations as the emerging Third Sector in Indonesia. It presents the profiles of three currently leading zakat organizations: Rumah Zakat Indonesia (RZI), Dompet Dhuafa (DD), and Pos Keadilan Peduli Ummat (PKPU). This paper highlights that the zakat organizations play an important role in serving public needs in Indonesia. They offer many services in such areas as health, economy, education, agriculture, and disaster reliefs. Competition does exist among zakat organizations, particularly if they operate in the same areas and target the same segment of donors (e.g., wealthy Muslims in urban areas). This paper argues that some more efforts are still needed to strengthen the roles of zakat organizations as part of the Indonesian third sector. This could be achieved through strengthening the accountability and the transparency of zakat management as well as by encouraging zakat organizations to allocate more funds for economic development programs. Allocating more funds for economic development programs would make zakat organizations more powerful in promoting social welfare in the society
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Managing workforce diversity: an Islamic perspective
No full textWorkforce diversity is an inevitable phenomenon of the day. Diversity management
is then developed in response to this reality. The discourse has been widely
implemented in many western countries and some other countries across the
world. Yet, it does not sound loudly in the Muslim countries. The objective of this
paper is to discover Islamic perspective of workforce diversity management. The
results show that pluralism and multiculturalism values are strongly promoted in
Islamic teaching. Although, some conceptual problems regarding conservative
views on diversity might constrain diversity workforce management, but a strategic
solution to this issue is not impossible. This paper basically favors the idea of
implementing the Lewin-Schein change model (i.e., unfreezing – change [moving]
– refreezing) for managing diversity in the Muslim society context but with a
more focus given to the substantive aspects of diversity management (i.e., elaborating
Islamic values on diversity). The role of such qualified Islamic scholars is
crucial in this regard.
Keragaman sumber daya manusia di tempat kerja adalah sebuah fenomena yang
tidak terhindarkan dewasa ini. Karena itu, mengelola keragaman secara professional
adalah sebuah keniscayaan. Meskipun diskursus tentang pengelolaan
keragaman di tempat kerja bukanlah hal yang baru di dunia Barat, namun di
negara-negara berpenduduk mayoritas muslim praktik dan wacana tentang hal tersebut masih kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Paper ini bertujuan untuk
menawarkan konsep manajemen keragaman di tempat kerja dalam perspektif
Islam. Paper ini menggarisbawahi bahwa multikulturalisme sesungguhnya memiliki
tempat yang signifikan dala ajaran Islam. Kendati ada ada persoalan konseptual
berkaitan pandangan-pandangan konservatif tentang pluralism dan
mulrikulturalisme, yang nota bene dapat menghambat efektivitas manajemen
keragaman di dunia Islam, namun persoalan ini bukan tidak dapat dipecahkan.
Paper ini berpendapat bahwa framework yang ditawarkan oleh Lewin-Schein
tentang pengelolaan keragaman dapat diadaptasi dalam konteks dunia Islam
dengan mengelaborasi konsep-konsep ajaran Islam tentang keragaman
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
JA’FAR AL-ṢĀDIQ DAN PARADIGMA HUKUM MAZHAB JA’FARI
Full text linkThis article explores the legal paradigm of the Ja’fari school of law. The article presents the profile of Imam Ja’far, the founder of this school of law. It also discusses some legal thoughts presented by the Ja’fari school of law, which seemed to be fundamentally different from the legal thoughts of the Sunni school of law (e.g., khumus and mut’ah). This article concludes that the legal sources used in the Ja’fari school of law are not fundamentally different from those used in the Sunni school of law, which include the Quran, the Sunnah, Ijma, and reasoning. Although there might be different approaches among the Ja’fari school of law and the Sunni school of laws in defining these legal sources, this article indicates no principle difference in legal making procedure. As a matter of fact, the differences in the legal making process could also exist among the Sunni school of laws
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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