40,518 research outputs found
The Influence of value chain governance on innovation performance: A study of Italian suppliers
No full textThis paper explores how value chain governance affects the innovation performance of suppliers of intermediate products. We take advantage of a unique dataset of Italian firms to identify governance regimes based on the perceived levels of technological capabilities of suppliers and explicit coordination in the value chain. Our results indicate that ‘modular’ value chain governance is more conducive to innovation for suppliers, especially when these firms have medium capability levels. Conversely, market-based governance modes relate strongly to lower innovativeness amongst suppliers, particularly those with lower capabilities. These patterns are also reflected in the sales of innovative products. Our results go partially against other findings in the GVC literature, whereby relational value chains are usually seen as providing the most favorable environment for learning and innovation
EuroMInd-C: a Disaggregate Monthly Indicator of Economic Activity for the Euro Area and member countries
No full textThe paper deals with the estimation of monthly indicators of economic activity for the Euro area and
its largest member countries that possess the following attributes: relevance, representativeness and
timeliness. Relevance is determined by comparing our monthly indicators to the gross domestic product
at chained volumes, as the most important measure of the level of economic activity. Representativeness
is achieved by considering a very large number of (timely) time series of monthly indicators relating to
the level of economic activity, providing a more or less complete coverage. The indicators are modelled
using a large-scale parametric factor model. We discuss its specification and provide details of the
statistical treatment. Computational efficiency is crucial for the estimation of large-scale parametric
factor models of the dimension used in our application (considering about 170 series). To achieve it,
we apply state-of-the-art state space methods that can handle temporal aggregation, and any pattern of
missing values
EUROMIND: A monthly indicator of the euro area economic conditions
No full textContinuous monitoring of the evolution of the economy is fundamental for the decisions of public and private decision makers. The paper proposes EUROMIND, which is a new monthly indicator of the euro area economic conditions, based on tracking real gross domestic product monthly, relying on information provided in the Eurostat Euro-IND database. EUROMIND has several original economic and statistical features. First, it considers both the output and the expenditure sides of the economy, as it provides a monthly estimate of the value added of the six branches of economic activity and of the main gross domestic product components by type of expenditure (final consumption, gross capital formation and net exports), and combines the estimates with optimal weights reflecting their relative precision. Second, the indicator is based on information at both the monthly and the quarterly level, modelled with a dynamic factor specification cast in state space form. Third, since estimation of the multivariate dynamic factor model with mixed frequency data can be numerically complex, computational efficiency is achieved by implementing univariate filtering and smoothing procedures. Finally, special attention is paid to chain linking and its implications, via a multistep procedure that exploits the additivity of the volume measures expressed at the prices of the previous year
Survey data as coincident or leading indicators
No full textIn this paper we propose a monthly measure for the euro area gross domestic product (GDP) based on a small-scale factor model for mixed-frequency data, featuring two factors: the first is driven by hard data, whereas the second captures the contribution of survey variables as coincident indicators. Within this framework we evaluate both the in-sample contribution of the second survey-based factor, and the short-term forecasting performance of the model in a pseudo-real-time experiment. We find that the survey-based factor plays a significant role for two components of GDP: industrial value added and exports. Moreover, the two-factor model outperforms in terms of out-of-sample forecasting accuracy the traditional autoregressive distributed lags (ADL) specifications and the single-factor model, with few exceptions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Letter from Carl T. Hayden to C. H. Gensler, Havasupai Reservation
No full textLetter from Carl T. Hayden to C. H. Gensler, Havasupai Indian Reservation, regarding Hualapai and Cataract Canyons geography
Synthesis and characterization of five-co-ordinate rhenium(III) complexes with 2-(diphenylphosphino)ethanethiolate and monothiolate liqands. Crystal structure of [Re(Ph2PCH2CH2S)2(PhCH2S)]
No full textA new series of five-co-ordinate rhenium(III) complexes containing the mixed S,P-bidentate 2-(diphenylphosphino)ethanethiolate ligand together with a monothiol RSH [R = Ph2PCH2CH2, Ph2P(O)CH2CH2, PhCH2, Ph or Pr(n)] have been synthesized and characterized. This Re(III)P2S3 series was prepared by substitution reactions of [Re(III)Cl3(MeCN)(PPh3)2], a pre-reduced rhenium(III) precursor, by addition of 2-(diphenylphosphino)ethanethiol and the corresponding monothiol. Formation of these compounds was verified by elemental analysis and H-1 and P-31 NMR and positive-ion fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy. The complexes were found to be diamagnetic, neutral and stable. They exhibit a trigonal-bipyramidal geometry, where three sulfur atoms occupy the equatorial plane and two phosphorus atoms are positioned at the apices. The X-ray structural analysis of bis[2-(diphenylphoshino)ethanethiolato-kappaS,kappaP](phenylmethanethiol ato-kappaS)rhenium(III) revealed that this compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with Z = 8, a = 21.011(9), b = 20.397(9), c = 16.289(7) angstrom, beta = 107.13(5)-degrees, R = 0.050, R' = 0.063, by using 5644 observed reflections. The above data further demonstrate the preference of a five-co-ordinate configuration when the P2S3 donor-atom set is available for co-ordinating rhenium(III)
A possible mechanism of superconductivity in high-T-c cuprates
No full textThis paper derives a generic T-c formula by using the long-range phase coherence condition in quantum phase fluctuation of the order parameter. Taking the two-local-spin-mediated interaction (TLSMI) proposed by Liu and Chen [Phys. Rev. B 58 (1998) 8812] as a Cooper pair potential, and the T-c formula, this paper explains five basic experimental facts in high-T-c cuprates. The aim of this paper is to show that TLSMI is a possible pairing mechanism of superconductivity in high-T-c cuprates. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Physics, AppliedSCI(E)EI0ARTICLE4276-28434
Memorandum from A. E. Demaray to E. C. Finney
No full textFour letters of correspondence about the purchase of Bright Angel Trail between A. E. Demaray, Acting Director of the Grand Canyon National Park; E. C. Finney, Department of the Interior First Assistant Secretary; Carl T. Hayden, Representative (AZ); and Stephen T. Mather, Director of the National Park Service
Role of CXCL10 in cryoglobulinemia
No full textInterferon (IFN)-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) and its receptor, C-X-C motif receptor 3, appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC) (HCV+MC). The secretion of CXCL10 by cluster of differentiation (CD) CD4+, CD8+, and natural killer-T cells is dependent on IFN-γ, which is itself mediated by the interleukin-12 cytokine family. Under the influence of IFN-γ, CXCL10 is secreted by several cell types including lymphocytes, hepatocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, etc. In tissues, recruited T helper 1 lymphocytes may be responsible for enhanced IFN-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α production, which in turn stimulates CXCL10 secretion from the cells, therefore creating an amplification feedback loop, and perpetuating the autoimmune process. High levels of CXCL10 in circulation have been found in HCV+MC, especially in patients with clinically active vasculitis. Furthermore, HCV+MC patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) have higher levels than those without AT. Further studies are needed to investigate interactions between chemokines and cytokines in the pathogenesis, and to evaluate whether CXCL10 is a novel therapeutic target in HCV-related MC
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