124,941 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
GRb0427 sRNA-induced avoidance requires <i>maco-1</i> and GRb0427 training heritably reduces <i>maco-1</i> transcripts.
No full text(A) Worms were trained on OP50 (gray), Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 (blue), or GRb0427 (purple) small RNAs, and tested for their PA14 preference in a bacterial choice assay between OP50 and PA14. Worms treated on GRb0427 small RNAs not only avoid GRb0427 (Fig 3A), but also avoid PA14 in an OP50-PA14 choice assay. (B) Worms trained on the PA14 small RNA P11 avoid GRb0427 in an OP50-GRb0427 choice assay. (C) N2 (wild-type) worms trained on GRb0427 small RNAs avoid GRb0427, relative to Worms trained on OP50 small RNAs. maco-1(ok3165) loss-of-function mutant worms naively avoid GRb0427, relative to wild type worms, and do not show increased avoidance upon exposure to GRb0427 sRNAs. (D) Upon downregulation of maco-1 by RNAi, wild type worms exhibit higher naïve avoidance of GRb0427 compared to control RNAi-treated wild-type worms. (E) Fold change (2^(-ΔΔCt) of maco-1 transcript levels in GRb0472-trained P0 (E), F2, F4, and F5 animals (F) relative to the respective OP50-trained controls (act-1 was used as the housekeeping gene for reference). Each data point represents an independent biological replicate, and 3 technical replicates were performed for each biological replicate. Each dot represents an individual choice assay plate (A-D) or a biological replicate in a qPCR assay (E,F). Boxplots: center line, median; box range, 25th–75th percentiles; whiskers denote minimum-maximum values, One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison’s test, ****p<0.0001, ns, not significant (A,B); Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison’s test, **p<0.01, ****p<0.0001, ns, not significant (C); Unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05 (D-F).</p
An intergenic region in the GRb0427 genome contains a 16-nucleotide perfect match to <i>maco-1</i> and is sufficient for learned avoidance of GRb0427.
No full text(A) The PA14 small RNA P11 contains a 17-nucleotide perfect match to the worm neuronal gene maco-1 (Exon 8). We found an intergenic region in the GRb0427 genome with a 16-nucleotide perfect match to a stretch of Exon 1 of maco-1. (B, C) The GRb0427 genome has an intergenic region, flanked by iron metabolism operon and sugar transport operons, containing a 16-nucleotide perfect match to maco-1 (B). This region is represented as a schematic in (C). 347 bp of this intergenic region (“IntReg”, shown in green) was cloned into E. coli for testing. IntReg contains the 16-nt match to maco-1 (indicated in purple). (D) Training worms on E. coli expressing the intergenic region (IntReg) with the match to maco-1 induces avoidance of GRb0427. (E) Untrained F1-F4 progeny of worms trained on E. coli expressing the intergenic region with the match to maco-1 exhibit higher avoidance of GRb0427 compared to controls. This higher avoidance is lost in the F5 generation. (F) Training of JU1580 worms on E. coli expressing the intergenic region (with the match to maco-1) induces avoidance of GRb0427. Each dot represents an individual choice assay plate (D-F). Box plots: center line, median; box range, 25th–75th percentiles; whiskers denote minimum-maximum values. Unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 (D, F); one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, **p<0.01, *p<0.05 ns, not significant (E).</p
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Why are Fresh Produce Prices So Unstable in Lusaka? Insights for Policy and Investment Priorities.
No full textDaily quantities of tomato, rape and onion entering Soweto market in Lusaka fluctuate dramatically. The market does a remarkable job of moderating the impact on prices of these unstable quantities, through stabilizing mechanisms such as short-term storage of tomato and rape by traders and consumers, longer-term storage of onion by traders, direct sourcing of rape from farm areas by retail traders, and exportation of tomato and onion outside Lusaka. Yet even with these stabilizing mechanisms, wholesale prices are highly variable, with negative effects on farmers and consumers. Reducing variability requires investments in four areas: (a) improved control of production environments by farmers through irrigation, better access to inputs and greater agronomic knowledge, (b) improved vertical flow of information from farmers to traders to brokers to retailers, (c) a regulatory framework for broker activity to improve trust and information flow between brokers and sellers, and (d) improved market infrastructure.Produce, Zambia, Africa, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty, Marketing,
Integrated and Sustainable Management of Post-industrial Coasts
No full textThe sustainable management of post-industrial coasts is a major emerging issue globally. Along such coasts, there may be a significant legacy of both contaminated land (including historic landfills and non-managed waste disposal) and contaminated sediments in and around urban and industrial areas, which require new strategies for cost-effective and integrated risk management under future sea-level rise and climate change scenarios. Here, we review current approaches to managing contamination in post-industrial coastlines, discuss emerging integrated management strategies (building on low input approaches to sustainable brownfields regeneration) and present an approach and framework for assessing and comparing different scenarios for coastal brownfield regeneration to soft re-use and other end-points. This framework can be applied to explore the opportunities for synergy and realization of wider environmental, economic and societal benefits between coastal protection, dredged material re-use and the management of brownfield land. As such, the approach we propose supports planning and options appraisal to realize maximum benefit and value from integrated coastal management strategies
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B0→K∗0γ )/B(B0s→φγ ) and the directCP asymmetry inB 0→K∗0γ
No full textThe ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0→K⁎0γ and B0s→ϕγ has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=7TeV. The value obtained is
B(B0→K⁎0γ)B(B0s→ϕγ)=1.23±0.06(stat.)±0.04(syst.)±0.10(fs/fd),
where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third is associated with the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average value for B(B0→K⁎0γ), the branching fraction B(B0s→ϕγ) is measured to be (3.5±0.4)×10−5.
The direct CP asymmetry in B0→K⁎0γ decays has also been measured with the same data and found to be
ACP(B0→K⁎0γ)=(0.8±1.7(stat.)±0.9(syst.))%.
Both measurements are the most precise to date and are in agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical expectations
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