48,912 research outputs found
Fundamental Rights in Times of Emergency: Ataur Rahman Vs Muhibur Rahman Revisited
No full textThis research analyses the Bangladesh' Court Decision on the case of Ataur Rahman vs. Mahibur Rahman with regrad to fundamental rights in times of emergency. It is argued that the decision of the court in Ataur Rahman vs. Muhibur Rahman is erroneous decision. This is because while Article 141C of Bangladesh Constitution gives the Presidnet the power to suspend certain fundamental rights, yet Articles 27 to 35 and 41 of the Constitution cannot be suspended. In Bangladesh's legal system, fundamental human rights are commonly viewed as a set of legal protections. Part III of the Constitution of Bangladesh has confirmed these rights for the citizens of Bangladesh. Some fundamental rights are even universally recognized rights which are contained in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the UN International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), or the UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). Article 4 of the ICCPR deals with the state of emergency and Article 4(2) provides a list of non-derogable rights. Such as the right to life, the prohibition of torture, slavery etc. These rights are completely non-derogable in nature and cannot be derogated at all including during a state of emergency. Furthermore the Apex court of Bangladesh tried to justify that the President can derogate any fundamental right during an emergency. Such a proposition is contradicting core parts of our Constitution as well as several International instruments.This research uses normative legal research with statute approach and case approach, especialy analysing Ataur Rahman vs. Muhibur Rahman case
Current concepts on oxidative/carbonyl stress, inflammation and epigenetics in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem. The current therapies for COPD are poorly effective and the mainstays of pharmacotherapy are bronchodilators. A better understanding of the pathobiology of COPD is critical for the development of novel therapies. In the present review, we have discussed the roles of oxidative/aldehyde stress, inflammation/immunity, and chromatin remodeling in the pathogenesis of COPD. An imbalance of oxidants/antioxidants caused by cigarette smoke and other pollutants/biomass fuels plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD by regulating redox-sensitive transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB), autophagy and unfolded protein response leading to chronic lung inflammatory response. Cigarette smoke also activates canonical/alternative NF-κB pathways and their upstream kinases leading to sustained inflammatory response in lungs. Recently, epigenetic regulation has been shown to be critical for the development of COPD because the expression/activity of enzymes that regulate these epigenetic modifications have been reported to be abnormal in airways of COPD patients. Hence, the significant advances made in understanding the pathophysiology of COPD as described herein will identify novel therapeutic targets for intervention in COPD
The Rahman Polynomials Are Bispectral
No full textIn a very recent paper, M. Rahman introduced a remarkable family of polynomials in two variables as the eigenfunctions of the transition matrix for a nontrivial Markov chain due to M. Hoare and M. Rahman. I indicate here that these polynomials are bispectral. This should be just one of the many remarkable properties enjoyed by these polynomials. For several challenges, including finding a general proof of some of the facts displayed here the reader should look at the last section of this paper.This paper is a contribution to the Vadim Kuznetsov Memorial Issue ‘Integrable Systems and Related Topics’. I am very thankful to a couple of referees who read the paper with great care and pointed out typos as well as ways to improve the presentation. The author was supported in part by NSF Grant # 0603901
The Rahman Polynomials Are Bispectral
No full textIn a very recent paper, M. Rahman introduced a remarkable family of polynomials in two variables as the eigenfunctions of the transition matrix for a nontrivial Markov chain due to M. Hoare and M. Rahman. I indicate here that these polynomials are bispectral. This should be just one of the many remarkable properties enjoyed by these polynomials. For several challenges, including finding a general proof of some of the facts displayed here the reader should look at the last section of this paper.This paper is a contribution to the Vadim Kuznetsov Memorial Issue ‘Integrable Systems and Related Topics’. I am very thankful to a couple of referees who read the paper with great care and pointed out typos as well as ways to improve the presentation. The author was supported in part by NSF Grant # 0603901
The Rahman Polynomials Are Bispectral
No full textIn a very recent paper, M. Rahman introduced a remarkable family of polynomials in two variables as the eigenfunctions of the transition matrix for a nontrivial Markov chain due to M. Hoare and M. Rahman. I indicate here that these polynomials are bispectral. This should be just one of the many remarkable properties enjoyed by these polynomials. For several challenges, including finding a general proof of some of the facts displayed here the reader should look at the last section of this paper.This paper is a contribution to the Vadim Kuznetsov Memorial Issue ‘Integrable Systems and Related Topics’. I am very thankful to a couple of referees who read the paper with great care and pointed out typos as well as ways to improve the presentation. The author was supported in part by NSF Grant # 0603901
Forman Christian College Magazine
No full textLest we Forget. pp. 3; Velte, H. C.-Speech-The Induction of Dr. S. K. Datta: Inaugural Address. pp. 4-10; Parshad, I. Durga-Article-Russia To-day. pp. 11-16; Poetry-Stout Thoughts In Lean Times. pp. 16; Drama-The Fire-Worshippers. pp. 17-19; Parkashananda-Essay-Books and Reading. pp. 19-21; Benade, M. M.-Travelogue-To Java and Back-II. pp. 21-27; Aziz-ur-Rahman-The Gypsy Women India. pp. 27-29; Mumtaz Hasan-A Word to College Students. pp. 29-31; Joshi, M. L.-Pottery and Poetry. pp. 31-35; Anwar, M. M.-Article-The Literary Significance of Sigrid Undset. pp. 35-38; Banerji, F.-Essay-The Beauties of Nature. pp. 38-39; Periwinkle-On Speaking and Speakers. pp. 39-41; Aziz-ur-Rahman-News and Notes. pp. 42-45; Sports. pp. 46-50; Cap and Bells. pp. 50; New Books in the Library. pp. 51-52; [Hindi]. 10 p.; Punjabi Kiyari [Punjabi]. 8 p.; Khisa-e-Urdu [Urdu]. 20 p.Dr. H. C. Velte, M.A., D.D. Professor, Forman Christian College (1886-1910) President. Board of Directors (1926-1933). before page
Environmental toxicity, redox signaling and lung inflammation:the role of glutathione
No full textGlutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant thiol and is central to redox defense during oxidative stress. GSH metabolism is tightly regulated and has been implicated in redox signaling and also in protection against environmental oxidant-mediated injury. Changes in the ratio of the reduced and disulfide form (GSH/GSSG) can affect signaling pathways that participate in a broad array of physiological responses from cell proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis to gene expression that involve H(2)O(2) as a second messenger. Oxidative stress due to oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and also due to environmental oxidants is an important component during inflammation and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and asthma. It is known to activate multiple stress kinase pathways and redox-sensitive transcription factors such as Nrf2, NF-kappaB and AP-1, which differentially regulate the genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the protective antioxidant genes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms for the induction of antioxidants, such as GSH, versus pro-inflammatory mediators at sites of oxidant-directed injuries may allow for the development of novel therapies which will allow pharmacological manipulation of GSH synthesis during inflammation and oxidative injury. This article features the current knowledge about the role of GSH in redox signaling, GSH biosynthesis and particularly the regulation of transcription factor Nrf2 by GSH and downstream signaling during oxidative stress and inflammation in various pulmonary diseases. We also discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials using GSH and other thiol compounds, such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine, fudosteine, carbocysteine, erdosteine in environment-induced airways disease
Konsep adil dalam poligami: Studi komparasi antara pemikiran Fazlur Rahman dan M. Quraish Shihab
No full textINDONESIA:
Dalam Shari’at Islam dikenal dua bentuk pernikahan, yaitu monogami dan poligami. Berbicara mengenai poligami, hal paling mendapat perhatian dan perdebatan adalah masalah keadilan. Fazlur Rahman dan M. Quraish Shihab adalah dua tokoh yang memiliki gagasan yang kontras mengenai adil dalam poligami meski berangkat dari nas yang sama yaitu al-Qur’an.
Adapun tujuan penelitian ini; 1) Mendeskripsikan konsep adil dalam poligami menurut Fazlur Rahman dan M. Quraish Shihab. 2) Mendeskripsikan metode istimbat hukum Fazlur Rahman dan M. Quraish Shihab tentang konsep adil dalam poligami.
3) Menganalisis implikasi metode istimbat hukum Fazlur Rahman dan M. Quraish
Shihab dalam penyelesaian masalah hukum Islam kontemporer.
Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dan analisis datanya dilakukan dengan metode (content analysis) dan analisis komparasi. Metode tersebut akan penulis gunakan untuk mendeskripsikan serta menganalisa pemikiran Fazlur Rahman dan M. Quraish Shihab yang meliputi konsep adil dalam poligami dan metode istimbat hukum.
Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa; 1) Konsep adil dalam poligami menurut Fazlur Rahman adalah tidak hanya terletak pada perlakuan lahiriah saja melainkan dalam hal cinta dan kasih sayang. Sedangkan menurut M. Qurasish Shihab konsep adil dalam poligami adalah hanya dalam bidang materi saja, bukan termasuk dalam bidang immaterial (cinta atau kasih sayang). 2) Metode istimbat hukum yang digunakan Fazlur Rahman yakni a double movement method (sebuah metode gerakan ganda). Sedangkan M. Quraish Shihab menggunakan metode kontekstualisasi-madhhabi. 3) Implikasi istimbat hukum dengan double movement method (teori gerak ganda) harus mengedepankan nilai moral dari pada upaya penemuan legal hukumnya, sehingga konsekuensi logisnya hukum yang dihasilkan pun haruslah bernilai moral. Sedangkan menggunakan metode kontekstualisasi- madhhabi penemuan hukum harus dimulai dari konsep fikih madhhab klasik yang telah lama dijadikan rujukan dan kemudian dipadukan dengan kenyataan karakter dan nilai-nilai masyarakat era modern.
ENGLISH:
In Islam there are two forms of marriage: monogamy and polygamy. Talking about polygamy, one of the most important is a matter of justice. Fazlur Rahman and M. Quraish Shihab are two figures who have contrasting ideas on the justice in polygamy despite departing from the same passage in the Qur’an.
The are three purposes of this research; 1) To describe the concept of justice in polygamy according to Fazlur Rahman and M. Quraish Shihab, 2) To describe method of istimbat used by Fazlur Rahman and M. Quraish Shihab about the concept of justice in polygamy, 3) To analyze implications of method of istimbat applied by Fazlur Rahman and M. Quraish Shihab in solving problems of contemporary Islamic law.
This research, use a qualitative descriptive study. The data analysis applied content analysis and comparative analysis. That methods are used to describe and analyze Fazlur Rahman and M. Quraish Shihab thought which includes the concept of justice in polygamy and methods of istimbat.
The results of research are as follows. 1) That the concept of justice in polygamy according to Fazlur Rahman is not only in the phisical treatment but in terms of love and affection. Meanwhile, according to M. Quraish Shihab the concept of justice ini polygamy is just in the field of materials, not included in the field of immaterial (love or affection). 2) Method of istimbat used by Fazlur Rahman is double movement method. While M. Quraish Shihab used madhhabi- contextualization method. 3) The implications from double movement method should promote the moral value than the effort to discovery the legal formal, and then the law was result also be moralist. While using madhhabi-contextualization method through the development madhhab is that the efforts to discovery law must through from fiqh madhhab whice have long used as a reference and then based on the character and values of contemporary religious community
Allah Rakha Rahman
No full textVoit J. Allah Rakha Rahman. In: Gervink M, Bückle M, eds. Lexikon der Filmmusik. Laaber: Laaber; 2012: 411
Fazlur Rahman Sebagai Tokoh Pembaharu Dalam Islam (1919 - 1988 M/1337 - 1408 H)
No full textSkripsi ini berjudul “Fazlur Rahman sebagai Tokoh Pembaharu dalam Islam (1919 M- 1988 M)”. Adapun fokus penelitian yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini adalah: 1) Bagaimana latar belakang kehidupan dan pendidikan Fazlur Rahman? 2) Apa kontribusi pemikiran Fazlur Rahman terhadap pembaharuan dunia Islam? 3) Bagaimana pengaruh pemikiran-pemikiran Fazlur Rahman terhadap cendekiawan muslim di Indonesia?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan deskriptif analis dengan pendekatan historis-sosiologis. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: Heuristik (pengumpulan data), Verifikasi (mengkritisi data), Interpretasi (penafsiran data) dan Historiografi (Penulisan Sejarah). Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan historis-sosiologis. Pendekatan historis diharapkan mampu mengungkapkan apa saja yang melatarbelakangi pemikiran seorang Fazlur Rahman. Sedangkan pendekatan sosiologis diharapkan mampu untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh pemikiran Fazlur Rahman terhadap cendekiawan Muslim di Indonesia. Dari hasil penelitian penulis menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) Fazlur Rahman adalah seorang tokoh ilmuan Muslim yang berasal dari Pakistan. Ia terkenal dengan pemikiran Neomodernismenya. Ia lahir di Hazara tepatnya pada tanggal 21 September 1919. Ia merupakan dosen di Universitas Chicago hingga akhir hayatnya. 2) sebagai tokoh pembaharu Fazlur Rahman menghasilkan banyak pemikiran, diantaranya adalah metodologi Tafsir Al-Qur’an, Hukum Islam Pendidikan Islam, Konsep Negara Islam. 3) Ahmad Syafii Maarif dan Nurcholish Madjid adalah dua tokoh ilmuan Muslim dari Indonesia yang terpengaruh oleh pemikiran Fazlur Rahman. Keduanya merupakan myrid Fazlur Rahman ketika menimba ilmu di Universitas Chichago
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