27 research outputs found
Cholesterol efflux from Fu5AH hepatoma cells induced by plasma of subjects with or without coronary artery disease and non-insulin-dependent diabetes: Importance of LpA-I:A-II particles and phospholipid transfer protein
No full textWe measured the capacity of human plasma to induce cholesterol efflux from Fu5AH rat hepatoma cells in four groups of men with or without non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Plasma from men with both NIDDM and CAD (n = 47) had the lowest efflux capacity (17.3 ± 3.6%) whereas healthy control subjects with neither diabetes nor CAD (n = 25) had the highest capacity (19.8 ± 3.4%). The groups with CAD but no diabetes (n = 44) and with NIDDM but no CAD (n = 35) had intermediate efflux values (18.5 ± 3.8 and 18.5 ± 3.9%, respectively). In a 2 x 2 factorial ANOVA, the differences were significant with respect to the presence of CAD (P = 0.038) and NIDDM (P = 0.041), with no interaction between the factors. The concentration of HDL particles containing apolipoprotein (apo) A-I but no apo A-II (LpA-I) was not related to efflux capacity in univariate or multivariate analyses. A multivariate regression analysis showed that when controlled for the presence of NIDDM and CAD, the concentration of particles containing both apo A-I and apo A-II (LpA-I:A-II) and plasma phospholipid transfer protein activity were both positively, independently, and significantly (P < 0.001) related to cholesterol efflux capacity
Assessing the coverage of a comprehensive STEMI survey: prospective recruitment has a potential for selection bias
No full textPostprandial elevation of ApoB-48-containing triglyceride-rich particles and retinyl esters in normolipemic males who smoke
No full textSmokers have an increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), which can only partly be explained by fasting lipoprotein changes. Recent studies have indicated that smokers express metabolic abnormalities characteristic of insulin resistance syndrome. A preliminary study reported an increased postprandial triglyceride (TG) response in smokers compared with nonsmokers. To investigate the effect of smoking on postprandial lipemia, a fat-rich mixed meal (837 kcal, 63 g of fat) was served to 12 healthy smokers and 12 controls with similar fasting lipoprotein profiles, body composition, and lifestyles. Blood was drawn before and 3, 4, 6, and 8 hours postprandially, and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fractions (chylomicrons, VLDL1, VLDL2, and IDL) were separated with density gradient ultracentrifugation. Pre- and postprandial TG, retinyl esters (RE), apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) and B-100 (apoB-100) were measured in each fraction. Smokers showed a significantly increased postprandial TG response in chylomicrons, VLDL1, and VLDL2. The areas under the incremental curve (AUIC) of apoB-48 in chylomicrons (2.83 +/- 0.84 versus 0.56 +/- 0.17; P < .05) and VLDL1 (10.17 +/- 1.96 versus 2.95 +/- 2.44; P = < .01) were markedly higher in smokers than in controls. Changes of RE responses of all TRL fractions were consistent with those of apoB-48. Postprandial apoB-100 concentrations and lipolytic enzymes were similar between the two groups. In conclusion, smokers have the syndrome of impaired TG tolerance because of defective clearance of chylomicrons and their remnants. Prolonged residence time of atherogenic remnant particles may constitute a significant risk factor for CAD in smokers
Comparison of three fatty meals in healthy normolipidaemic men: high post-prandial retinyl ester response to soybean oil.
No full textDeterminants of postprandial lipemia in men with coronary artery disease and low levels of HDL cholesterol.
No full textPeroxisome Proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene variation influences age of onset and progression of type 2 diabetes
No full textDysregulation of fatty acid metabolism is important in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is a master regulator of fatty acid catabolism, and PPAR activators delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. We examined association between three PPAR gene polymorphisms (an AC variant in intron 1, the L162V variant, and the intron 7 GC variant) and age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in 912 Caucasian type 2 diabetic subjects. Individually, PPAR gene variants did not influence age at diagnosis, but in combination, the rare alleles of both the intron 1 AC (P < 0.001) and intron 7 GC (P = 0.025) variants synergistically lowered age at diagnosis (interaction P < 0.001). Overall, the PPAR haplotype signficantly influenced age at diagnosis (P = 0.027), with the C-L-C and C-V-C haplotypes (intron 1-L162V-intron 7) accelerating onset of diabetes by 5.9 (P = 0.02) and 10 (P = 0.03) years, respectively, as compared with the common A-L-G haplotype, and was associated with an odds ratio for early-onset diabetes (age at diagnosis 45 years) of 3.75 (95% CI 1.65–8.56, P = 0.002). Intron 1 C-allele carriers also progressed more rapidly to insulin monotherapy (AA 9.4 ± 1.5 and AC + CC 5.3 ± 1.1 years, P = 0.002). These data indicate that PPAR gene variation influences the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes
Association of variation in hepatic lipase activity with promoter variation in the hepatic lipase gene. The LOCAT Study Invsestigators.
No full textPrognosis, disease progression, and treatment of atrial fibrillation patients during 1 year: Follow-up of the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation
No full textAims: To gain insight in the prognosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients during 1-year follow-up in the Euro Heart Survey (EHS) on AF. Methods and results: The EHS enrolled 5333 AF patients in 2003-2004. One-year follow-up data were available for 80%. Of first detected AF patients, 46% did not have a recurrence during 1 year, paroxysmal AF largely remained paroxysmal AF (80%), and 30% of persistent AF progressed to permanent AF. Many treatment changes occurred since baseline. Oral anticoagulation was started in 19% and discontinued in 16% of all patients. Of patients initially on rhythm control 27% did not receive rhythm control during follow-up, whereas 15% of patients initially on rate control received rhythm control. Mortality was highest in permanent AF (8.2%), but also substantial in first detected AF (5.7%). In multivariable analysis, sinus rhythm at baseline was associated with lower mortality, but no significant effect was observed regarding the application of either rhythm or rate control. Conclusion: The EHS on AF provides unique prospective observational data on AF progression, long-term treatment, prognosis, and determinants of adverse outcome of the total clinical spectrum of AF in a European cardiology-based patient cohort. © The Author 2008
Avaliação do potencial hipolipemiante da quitosana e associações em ensaios pré-clínicos e clínicos fase II
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia.Elevados níveis plasmáticos de lipídeos tem sido associados a um aumento do risco de incidência de aterosclerose, sendo que ainda são poucas as opções terapêuticas para a prevenção e/ou tratamento desta doença. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho se propôs avaliar o efeito hipolipemiante da quitosana e associações a serem utilizadas como alternativas terapêuticas para hiperlipidemias. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios pré-clínicos em ratos e clínicos fase II em humanos, os quais foram submetidos a diferentes tratamentos com quitosana, quitosana associada à Aloe vera e quitosana associada à Brassica olearaceae, com vistas a identificar as formulações mais efetivas em termos de potencial hipolipemiante. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios pré-clínicos em ratos demonstram que tratamento com quitosana associada à Brassica olearaceae foi o mais efetivo, uma vez que foi capaz de provocar uma redução significativa nos níveis séricos de colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, VLDL-colesterol e triglicerídeos. Por sua vez, os resultados obtidos nos ensaios clínicos fase II em humanos demonstram que o tratamento com quitosana associada à Aloe vera foi o mais efetivo, sendo capaz de reduzir, significativamente, os níveis de colesterol total e LDL-colesterol. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que as associações quitosana/Brassica olearaceae e quitosana/Aloe vera se mostram como alternativas terapêuticas para quadros de hiperlipidemias, contribuindo, desta forma, para a prevenção e/ou tratamento de processos aterogênicos
European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): the Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts).
No full textpeer reviewe
