1,720,998 research outputs found
Investments in working parents: The use of parental leave
Full text linkOrganizations and national governments are increasingly making work–family policies available to help working parents combine their careers with childcare. Nonetheless, many people who could benefit from these policies do not use them, and little is known about why people do or do not use work–family policies. Some studies have suggested that organizations restrain or encourage people’s use of these policies, yet no large-scale quantitative studies exist. This chapter examines how organizations relate to the utilization of a specific work–family policy: parental leave. We combine two ways of looking at organizations: the family-supportiveness of the organizational culture and by treating them as actors that make strategic choices to invest in policies, which are influenced by organizational characteristics such as size, public ownership, or the proportion of women employed. The results indicate that organizations play a less important role than expected – only the size of an organization was shown to relate to parental leave use. Rather, national differences explain most variations in parental leave use. Organizations do, however, play a role in the utilization decisions of men, but not women, suggesting that while women are expected to use parental leave, men base the extent of their involvement at home partly on pressures from the workplace organizational context
The institutional context of a sustainable workforce
No full textContains fulltext :
212495.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)This chapter analyzes the institutional context in which companies and their employees develop strategies to achieve high productivity and satisfaction in the nine European countries studied in this book. It examines the economic, labor market and demographic trends in recent years in the nine countries which were part of the European Sustainable Workforce Survey, and focuses on the commonality and variance in employment, work–family policies and health policies in each participating country. The chapter provides the reader with a background against which the results of the empirical chapters can be interpreted, and it facilitates a comparative perspective of the institutional structures. Alongside a shared body of European regulations which have led to harmonization in some parts of the EU, national contexts still vary widely with regard to the position of older workers, the provisions surrounding work–family compatibility and the importance of lifelong learning, implying variation in the institutional preconditions for creating a sustainable workforce
Do female managers improve women's promotional opportunities?
No full textContains fulltext :
204960.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)This chapter investigates whether female managers improve the promotional opportunities of women in organizations. More specifically, we analyze whether the perceived promotional opportunities of female and male workers are affected by the proportion of female managers in the organization, and by being supervised by a female manager. We propose opposing hypotheses stating that female managers are either change agents who actively improve the opportunities of female workers, or ‘cogs in the machine' who do not affect, or even hamper, the promotional opportunities of female workers. The worker–manager linked data from the European Sustainable Workforce Survey allows a rigorous test of these hypotheses. Analyses show that women do not perceive more or fewer promotional opportunities when they work in an organization with a high proportion of female managers, nor when they are supervised by a female manager. Gender differences in perceived promotional opportunities are mainly driven by the arranging of men and women into different teams within organizations, which indicates that female managers at low and high levels are not able to abolish sorting-based gender inequality within organizations
Division of labour between men and women within households 1990
No full textThe influences on participation of household partners in paid labour and household chores. Detailed family - household data / presence of children in various age categories / detailed data on occupation of partners and their parents, including occupational prestige scaling ( Ultee-Sixma ) and cultural prestige scaling / economic prestige of occupation / data on household finance: income, taxes, child benefits / time budget data for both partners regarding: shopping , cooking, cleaning, washing-ironing etc., childcare, repair and maintenance, work, commuting, sports and hobbies, social and cultural leisure activities, watching television, reading / division of domestic tasks / network of social contacts / relevant characteristics of social network members / attitudes regarding gender roles within the family / background data on parents of both partners / opinions of partner according to other partner / wellbeing / domestic help / children / child care / use of day nurseries and other forms of outdoor child care / frequency of - and reasons for their use / " peuterspeelzaal " , " kinderdagverblijf " , " bedrijfscreche " , " gastouderproject " , " buitenschoolse opvang " , " overblijven " / reasons for not using institutional outdoor child care / same for child care by relatives, neighbours, friends, domestic servants, paid " baby sitter ". Background variables: basic characteristics/ residence/ housing situation/ household characteristics/ occupation/employment/ income/capital assets/ education/ religion/ organizational membershi
Women's employment and household work
Full text linkAt the beginning of the 21st century, women are more likely to have a paid
job than to be housewives in almost all industrialized countries, a statement
one could not imagine just after World War II. The increased participation
of women in the labor market has had clear implications for family life and
work at home....
[...]
Women's employment and household work
Full text linkAt the beginning of the 21st century, women are more likely to have a paid job than to be housewives in almost all industrialized countries, a statement one could not imagine just after World War II. The increased participation of women in the labor market has had clear implications for family life and work at home.... [...
Women's employment and household work
Full text linkAt the beginning of the 21st century, women are more likely to have a paid job than to be housewives in almost all industrialized countries, a statement one could not imagine just after World War II. The increased participation of women in the labor market has had clear implications for family life and work at home.... [...
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
