778 research outputs found
The evolutionary rewiring of ubiquitination targets has reprogrammed the regulation of carbon assimilation in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans
No full textDate of Acceptance: 13/11/2012 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Correction for Sandai et al., The Evolutionary Rewiring of Ubiquitination Targets Has Reprogrammed the Regulation of Carbon Assimilation in the Pathogenic Yeast Candida albicans published 20-01-2015 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.02489-14Peer reviewe
The PKC, HOG and Ca2+ signalling pathways co-ordinately regulate chitin synthesis in Candida albicans
No full textOpen Access via PMC2649417Peer reviewe
Candida albicans repetitive elements display epigenetic diversity and plasticity
No full textTranscriptionally silent heterochromatin is associated with repetitive DNA. It is poorly understood whether and how heterochromatin differs between different organisms and whether its structure can be remodelled in response to environmental signals. Here, we address this question by analysing the chromatin state associated with DNA repeats in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Our analyses indicate that, contrary to model systems, each type of repetitive element is assembled into a distinct chromatin state. Classical Sir2-dependent hypoacetylated and hypomethylated chromatin is associated with the rDNA locus while telomeric regions are assembled into a weak heterochromatin that is only mildly hypoacetylated and hypomethylated. Major Repeat Sequences, a class of tandem repeats, are assembled into an intermediate chromatin state bearing features of both euchromatin and heterochromatin. Marker gene silencing assays and genome-wide RNA sequencing reveals that C. albicans heterochromatin represses expression of repeat-associated coding and non-coding RNAs. We find that telomeric heterochromatin is dynamic and remodelled upon an environmental change. Weak heterochromatin is associated with telomeres at 30?°C, while robust heterochromatin is assembled over these regions at 39?°C, a temperature mimicking moderate fever in the host. Thus in C. albicans, differential chromatin states controls gene expression and epigenetic plasticity is linked to adaptation
Imobilização de lipase B de Candida antarctica em espuma de poliuretano e aplicação na síntese do éster geranil propionato
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, 2014.Lipase B de Candida antarctica (CalB) apresenta um papel importante na indústria química e de alimentos. A imobilização desta enzima em um suporte inerte, de baixo custo, que aumente sua estabilidade em diferentes condições de processo, e que permita sua reutilização aparece como uma alternativa aos métodos de imobilização já existentes. Com o objetivo de selecionar o melhor método de interação entre a espuma de poliuretano e a lipase B de Candida antarctica (CalB) para aplicação na síntese do éster geranil propionato, diferentes métodos de imobilização foram estudados: adsorção ao suporte (PU-ADS), incorporação ao suporte (PU), ligação covalente utilizando revestimento por polietilenoimina (PU-PEI), ligação covalente utilizando revestimento por polietilenoimina e tratamento com glutaraldeído (PU-PEI-GA). A espuma utilizada como suporte foi produzida com tolueno diisocianato e poliol poliéter (5:3). A caracterização dos derivados enzimáticos imobilizados foi realizada por densidade aparente, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e análise de Espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (EITF). A atividade enzimática foi medida por hidrólise utilizando p-NPP (p-nitro-fenil-palmitato) como substrato. A enzima livre e os preparados enzimáticos foram avaliados em diferentes pHs (5,0; 7,0 e 9,0) por 24 h, e nas temperaturas de 25, 40, 60 e 80 ºC por 48 h, e os parâmetros cinéticos (Km e Vmáx) foram avaliados. O derivado com mais alta atividade foi obtida com a imobilização pelo método PU (5,52 U/g). Os métodos que se destacaram em relação às estabilidades e aos parâmetros cinéticos foram o PU e PU-ADS. Os derivados obtidos por estes métodos de imobilização foram avaliados durante 60 dias de incubação e na aplicação na síntese do geranil propionato. Foram obtidas10conversões de 83,5% para PU e 95,9% para PU-ADS, em 24 horas de reação, utilizando óleo de citronela e ácido propiônico como substratos.Abstract : Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CalB) has an important role in chemical and food industry. The immobilization of the enzyme on an inert support, low cost, to increase its stability under different process conditions, and allows their reuse is an alternative to existing methods of immobilization. With the aim of selecting the best method to interact polyurethane foam and Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) to application in the synthesis of geranyl propionate, different methods of Calb immobilization were studied: adsorption (PU-ADS), covalent (using polyethyleneimine) (PU-PEI), ionic exchange (with polyethyleneimine and glutaraldehyde) (PU-PEI-GA) and entrapment (PU). PU foam as support was synthesized using toluene diisocyanate and polyether in a molar ratio 5:3. The characterization of immobilized enzyme derivatives was performed by apparent density, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The enzymatic activity was measured by hydrolysis of p-NPP as substrate. The free enzyme and enzyme preparations were evaluated at different pHs (5.0, 7.0 and 9.0) during 24 h and at temperatures of 25, 40, 60 and 80 °C during 48 h, the kinetic parameters (Km and Vmáx) were evaluated. The highest enzyme activity was obtained in PU (5.52 U/g) method. The methods that stood out compared the stabilities and kinetic parameters were the PU and PU-ADS, so these were evaluated during 60 days of storage and application in the synthesis of geranyl propionate. Conversions of 83.5% and 95.9% for PU and PU-ADS were obtained, at 24h reaction, using citronella oil and propionic acid as substrates
Cellular responses of Candida albicans to phagocytosis and the extracellular activities of neutrophils are critical to counteract carbohydrate starvation, oxidative and nitrosative stress
No full textAcknowledgments We thank Alexander Johnson (yhb1D/D), Karl Kuchler (sodD/D mutants), Janet Quinn (hog1D/D, hog1/cap1D/D, trx1D/D) and Peter Staib (ssu1D/D) for providing mutant strains. We acknowledge helpful discussions with our colleagues from the Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms Department, Fungal Septomics and the Microbial Biochemistry and Physiology Research Group at the Hans Kno¨ll Institute (HKI), specially Ilse D. Jacobsen, Duncan Wilson, Sascha Brunke, Lydia Kasper, Franziska Gerwien, Sea´na Duggan, Katrin Haupt, Kerstin Hu¨nniger, and Matthias Brock, as well as from our partners in the FINSysB Network. Author Contributions Conceived and designed the experiments: PM HW IMB AJPB OK BH. Performed the experiments: PM CD HW. Analyzed the data: PM HW IMB AJPB OK BH. Wrote the paper: PM HW OK AJPB BH.Peer reviewe
Когда Достоевский говорит по-итальянски. Заметки о переводе «Идиота»
No full textWHEN DOSTOEVSKY SPEAKS ITALIAN. NOTES ON THE TRANSLATION OF «IDIOT»
The author considers the translation as an act of interlanguage communication. The article analyzes the requirements for literary translation and the translator. The acute problems of translation are raised: the normalization of Dostoevsky's style, the problem of another speech and free indirect discourse. The author shares his personal experience in translating Dostoevsky’s nove
Candida guilliermondiiおよびCandida fermentatiの臨床的・微生物学的特徴
No full textA total of 46 clinical isolates of Candida guilliermondii and Candida famata were reidentified genetically, resulting in 27 C. guilliermondii and 12 Candida fermentati strains. The majority of C. guilliermondii strains, but not C. fermentati strains, were isolated from blood cultures. C. fermentati was more sensitive to antifungals, hydrogen peroxide, and killing by murine macrophages than was C. guilliermondii. The C. guilliermondii isolates were echinocandin susceptible in vitro but resistant to micafungin in a murine model of invasive candidiasis.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1077号 学位授与年月日:平成30年6月6日Author: Tatsuro Hirayama, Taiga Miyazaki, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo, Takashi Ueda, Kazuhiko Nakajima, Yoshio Takesue, Yoshitsugu Higashi, Yoshihiro Yamamoto, Muneyoshi Kimura, Hideki Araoka, Shuichi Taniguchi, Yuichi Fukuda, Yumi Matsuo, Akiko Furutani, Kohei Yamashita, Takahiro Takazono, Tomomi Saijo, Shintaro Shimamura, Kazuko Yamamoto, Yoshifumi Imamura, Koichi Izumikawa, Katsunori Yanagihara, Shigeru Kohno and Hiroshi MukaeCitation: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 62(6), e02528-17; 201
Derivados sintéticos dos triterpenos a e B-amirina e avaliação das propridades analgésicas e antifúngicas
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química.Quinze derivados de uma mistura dos triterpenos e -amirina (1:2) foram preparados através de acilação com anidridos de ácido carboxílico apropriados ou cloreto de acila e oxidação na presença de cromato de t-butila ou clorocromato de piridínio. As estruturas moleculares dos compostos obtidos foram confirmadas através dos espectros de IV e 1H RMN. Os compostos foram avaliados quanto sua atividade antinociceptiva e antifúngica. A atividade antinociceptiva foi avaliada no modelo de dor induzida por ácido acético. Os derivados 3-O-acilados propanoato de e -amirina 4, hexanoato de e -amirina 6 e octanoato de e -amirina 7 foram os compostos mais ativos da série. Surpreendentemente, a substância octanoato de e -amirina 7 foi 24180 vezes mais potente que a aspirina e 427 vezes mais potente, no modelo de dor testado, que a morfina e não produziu nenhuma alteração comportamental nos ratos. A atividade antifúngica foi avaliada contra diferentes espécies de Candida e, adicionalmente, a inibição da adesão de Candida Albicans nas células epiteliais bucal in vitro foi determinada para o composto mais ativo. Entre os quinze compostos, formiato de e -amirina 2 e acetato de e -amirina 3 foram os mais ativos, inibindo todas as espécies de Candida testadas. Adicionalmente, formiato de e -amirina 2, foi tão efetivo quanto fluconazol, droga comercialmente disponível, em inibir a adesão de Candida Albicans nas células epiteliais bucal. Este estudo demonstrou que, na fase pré-clinica, os derivados da mistura de triterpenos pentacíclicos e -amirina exibiram significante atividade antinociceptiva, utilizando o modelo de dor induzida por ácido acético, e significante atividade antifúngica contra diferentes espécies de Candida
ИСПОВЕДЬ И ПИСЬМО В РОМАНЕ ДОСТОЕВСКОГО «ПОДРОСТОК»
No full textThis article analyses the specificity of Dostoevsky’s confessional prose, focusing on the novel The Adolescent. Dostoevsky can be defined as a super-confessional author, but he is also characterized by a certain suspicion, and a certain mistrustfulness towards the very process of confession is typical of him. The article attempts to show that this apparent paradox has its origins in the modern context in which Dostoevsky operates, when religious, sacramental confession gives way to a psychological practice of self- affirmation.
Статья посвящена анализу специфики исповедальной прозы Достоевского, сосредоточена на романе «Подросток». Достоев- ского можно определить как сверхисповедального автора, но для него характерно некое подозрение, типична некая недоверчивость по отно- шению к самому процессу исповеди. В статье ставится задача показать, что этот очевидный парадокс уходит корнями в контекст Нового вре- мени, в котором действует Достоевский, когда религиозная, сакрамен- тальная исповедь уступает место психологической практике утвержде- ния своего «я»
Luigi Lugiato’s "Madmen, Deranged, Criminals": Dostoevsky and Italian Psychiatry after Cesare Lombroso
No full textThis essay provides an exploration of the intertwining realms of psychiatry and literature, focusing particularly on the case of Fyodor Dostoevsky. The paper gives an overview of the interest in Dostoevsky’s opus and biography displayed by Italian psychiatry, in particular by Cesare Lombroso and the connection he made between genius and mental illness. The essay is divided into two parts: the first, more theoretical, aims to address the question of the osmosis between psychiatry and literature, paying particular attention to the fact that in the last twenty years of the nineteenth century this osmosis seems to have centred mainly around Dostoevsky. The first section delves into the theoretical underpinnings of this intersection, highlighting the influence of figures like Cesare Lombroso and the attraction Dostoevsky's works and biography held for psychiatrists and alienists. The second section examines Luigi Lugiato's unpublished study on Dostoevsky. Luigi Lugiato (1879-1950), an Italian psychiatrist and alienist, is a perfect example to demonstrate how thirty years following Lombroso's death and notwithstanding all the polemics and critiques surrounding his theories, his strong positivist paradigm continues to shape psychiatric analysis and remains influential in the European cultural panorama. The “law of contradiction”, observed in Dostoevsky's works and life, permeates Lugiato's own examination of the author
- …
