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Uusrenessanssin loistoa : Maalausliike S. Koskinen 1883–1908
No full text1800-luvun lopulla elettiin suurta muutoksen aikaa. Teollisuus kehittyi ja liiken-neyhteydet maailmalle helpottuivat. Rakentaminen lähti huimaan kasvuun, kun rikastunut keskiluokka halusi ympärilleen näyttävyyttä, alkoi uusrenessanssin aika. Suuret palatsimaiset rakennukset koristeltiin sekä ulkoa, että sisältä ja vuosisadan loppua kohden koristelu vain lisääntyi entisestään. Julkisivut täyttyivät rapatuista profiloiduista listoista, pilastereista ja harkkomaisesta rustiikasta sekä moninaisista kipsikoristeista. Kipsikoristelu oli suosittua myös sisällä, mutta niiden lisäksi seinä- ja kattopintoihin maalattiin runsaasti kauniita koristemaalauksia. Uusrenessanssi oli suomalaisen koristemaalauksen kulta-aikaa. Mallia koristemaalauksiin otettiin ulkomailta, lähinnä Saksasta, Itävallasta ja Ranskasta, tuoduista runsaasti kuvitetuista mallikirjoista. Näitä mallikirjoja Suomeen toivat kunnianhimoiset maalarikisällit, jotka lähtivät hakemaan lisä oppia ulkomailta.
Turkulainen maalarikisälli Samuel Koskinen lähti vuonna 1872 Ruotsin kautta Berliniin, Wieniin ja Parisiin. Takaisin Turkuun hän palasi vuonna 1883, jolloin hän perusti maalausliikkeensä. S. Koskisen maalausliike oli yksi Suomen suurimpia ja se toimi Turun lisäksi myös muualla Suomessa.
Vaikka aikojen saatossa osa vanhoista rakennuksista on purettu ja osa koriste-maalauksista on peitetty, on S. Koskisen maalausliikkeen koristemaalauksia edel-leen nähtävissä useissa rakennuksissa joko täysin alkuperäisenä tai rekonstrukti-oina. Turussa on vain muutama rakennus joiden koristemaalausten tekijästä ei ole varmuutta ja lähes kaikki muut tiedetään Koskisen tekemiksi. Hänen sanotaankin olevan yksi merkittävimmistä henkilöistä, joka toi Suomeen näin rikkaan ja runsaan koristemaalaustaiteen.The end of the 19th century was a time of great change. Industrial developments were made and international transportation connections were improved. The building industry thrived as the richened middle class wanted to surround itself with grandeur. The time of Renaissance Revival began. Grand palatial buildings were decorated inside and out, and approaching the end of the century, the decorating urge had intensified. Facades were adorned with profiled moldings, pilasters, block-like bossages and various plaster ornaments. Plaster ornaments were also common indoors. In addition to them, rooms were profusely decorated with beautiful paintwork. Renaissance Revival is considered as the golden age of decorative paintwork in Finland. Motifs were modelled after heavily illustrated books brought from abroads, mostly from Germany, Austria and France. The books were brought by ambitious painter apprentices who went abroads to study.
A painter apprentice from Turku, Samuel Koskinen, set off for Berlin, Vienna and Paris via Sweden in 1872. He returned to Turku in 1883 and set up his painting business named S. Koskisen maalausliike. It operated also outside Turku on a national level and it was one of the largest painting businesses in Finland. While some of the old buildings have been torn down and some paintings covered up over the years, the works of S. Koskisen maalausliike remain visible in many buildings, either as originals or restorations. There are only a few buildings with decorative paintworks whose painter is unknown. Almost all other works are known to be made by Koskinen. He is considered one of the most significant people in his field, leaving a legacy of rich and plentiful decorative paintworks
Corrigendum
No full textTorres A, Koskinen S, Gjertsen H et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using sulfur hexafluoride is safe in the pediatric setting. Acta Radiol. Epub ahead of print 8 February 2017. DOI: 10.1177/0284185117690423. In the abstract, some data was incorrectly reported in the sentence "We identified 183 patients (mean age, 11 years; range, 0.1-18 years) who underwent a total of 287 CEUS exams." The corrected sentence is provided below. We identified 173 patients (mean age, 11 years; range, 0.1-18 years) who underwent a total of 287 CEUS exams
Korjausvaihtoehtojen vertailu koulukohteissa
No full textSuomalaiset koulurakennukset ovat 1990-luvun loppupuolelta asti olleet paljon puheenaiheena lisääntyneen korjausvelan ja sisäilmaongelmien takia. Monet ongelmat ovat syntyneet huonon kiinteistönpidon ja rakennusvirheiden myötä. Tämän opinnäytetyön esimerkkikohteena on tutkimuksessa anonyyminä pysyvä koulu, johon WSP Finland on suorittanut kokonaisvaltaisia kuntotutkimuksia ja joiden perusteella on laadittu urakassa käytettävät korjaussuunnitelmat.
Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena on selvittää yleisiä vaurioiden syitä koulurakennuksissa ja toimia työkaluna, jolla voidaan edistää toimenpiteiden määrittelyä sekä vertailua. Työn tutkimuksen lisäksi laadittiin Excel-laskentataulukko, joka käsittelee yhden maanvastaisen alapohjan korjausvaihtoehtoja ja tämän kustannuksia, sekä hiilidioksidipäästöjä 50 vuoden elinkaaren ajalta. Esimerkkikohteen kotitalousluokille oli WSP Finlandin toimesta laadittu korjaussuunnitelma, jossa alapohja uusittaisiin perusmaata myöten. Tässä tutkimuksessa vertailtiin rakenteen korjaamista tiivistyskorjauksilla, joilla rajoitettaisiin haitallisien aineiden pääsyä sisäilmaan.
Tutkimuksen ja laskennan tuloksena huomattiin, että 50 vuoden elinkaaren ajalla uudestaan rakennettu alapohja on kustannuksiltaan ja päästöiltään tehokkaampi vaihtoehto. Tuloksiin vaikuttavat suuresti talouden vaihtelut, kuten inflaatio ja energian hinnan muutokset, mutta suurin vaikutus päätöksiin tulee laaditun elinkaaren perusteella. Tiivistyskorjauksien tekninen käyttöikä on parhaimmillaan puolet uuteen alapohjaan verrattuna, joten jo ensimmäisen tiivistyksen uusimiskerran jälkeen uuden alapohjan rakentamista voidaan pitää kustannustehokkaampana. Hiilidioksidipäästöjen osalta tiivistyskorjaus vaikuttaa rakentamisvaiheessa uutta alapohjaa paremmalta vaihtoehdolta, sillä uuden alapohjan rakentamisvaiheen päästöt ovat huomattavasti tiivistyskorjausta suuremmat.
Opinnäytetyön rakennetutkimus rajattiin esimerkkikohteen kotitalousluokkien maanvastaiseen alapohjaan vertailun yksinkertaistamiseksi. Taloteknisiä järjestelmiä ei otettu tutkimuksessa huomioon. Tulevaisuudessa tutkimusta voisi laajentaa eri rakenneosiin ja taloteknisten järjestelmien optimoinnin vaikutuksen voisi sisällyttää kustannus- ja päästölaskelmiin.Finnish school buildings have been a topic since the late 1990’s due to the increased repair debt and indoor air problems. Many problems have arisen due to poor property maintenance and construction defects. The example property of this thesis is a school that remains anonymous in the study, for which WSP Finland has conducted condition surveys and made repair plans.
The purpose of this thesis was to find out the most common reasons behind the damages in school buildings and to promote the comparison of possible repair options.
WSP Finland has designed repairs for the home economics classroom of the example property. This study compared the designed repairs to air sealing repairs that would limit the entry of harmful substances into the indoor air. In addition to the written study, an Excel spreadsheet was developed to compare the expenses and the CO2 emissions over the 50-year lifecycle between the air sealing technique and reconstructing the base floor
The effect of optimizing the building services were not considered in the study. In the future, research could be extended to different building components, and the impact of optimizing building services could be included in the cost and emission calculations
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Correlation and spin polarization in quantum dots: local spin density functional theory revisited
No full textUsing quantum dot artificial atoms as a simple toy model, we reflect on the question of whether spin density functional theory (SDFT) can accurately describe correlation effects in low-dimensional fermion systems. Different expressions for the local density approximation of the exchange-correlation energy for the two-dimensional electron gas, such as the much-used functional of Tanatar and Ceperley, and the recent suggestion by Attaccalite et al., are compared with the results of a numerical diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian matrix in the limit of small electron numbers. For systems with degeneracies, as shown in the present work for the example of a spin triplet with S = 1, the direct comparison with configuration interaction (CI) methods demonstrates that the spin representation of SDFT may, under certain circumstances, produce artificial energy splittings between states that belong to the same spin multiplet. For a singlet ground state with S = Sz = 0, however, the correlation functions of the CI solutions confirm the spin-density wave states found earlier within the SDFT method
S-100B and neuron specific enolase are poor outcome predictors in severe traumatic brain injury treated by an intracranial pressure targeted therapy
No full textOBJECTIVE: To prospectively study S-100B and neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels in subjects treated for severe head injury (sTBI), and investigate the prognostic value of these biomarkers. METHODS: Subjects included in a prospective double blind randomised study for sTBI. Inclusion criteria: Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) 10 mm Hg and arrival <24 h after trauma. Subjects were treated with an intracranial pressure (ICP) targeted therapy. Blood samples for S-100B and NSE were drawn immediately after arrival and every 12 h for 5 days. Outcome was evaluated as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) by independent staff at 3 and 12 months. RESULTS: 48 subjects, mean age 35.5 years, and median GCS 6 were included. The first blood sample was drawn at 15.6 (1.4) h after injury. Initial concentration of S-100B was 1.04 (0.21) microg/l and for NSE 18.94 (2.32) microg/l. The biomarkers were significantly higher in subjects with GCS 3 and in those who died compared with those with GCS 4-8 and GOS 2-5, respectively. Receiver operated characteristic curve analyses of the initial S-100B and NSE levels to GOS dichotomised as unfavourable (GOS 1-3) and favourable (GOS 4-5) showed a weak correlation: AUC 0.585 and 0.555, respectively. Using the dichotomisation dead (GOS 1)/alive (GOS 2-5), the AUC values were 0.687 and 0.734, respectively. Furthermore, a correlation was found between the biomarkers themselves and the biomarkers and ICP. CONCLUSION: At 3 and 12 months after trauma, no differences in prognostic values between the markers were apparent nor was there any clinical significant value of the markers as predictors of clinical outcome.Olivecrona, M Rodling-Wahlstrom, M Naredi, S Koskinen, L-O D Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;80(11):1241-7. Epub 2009 Jul 13
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