94 research outputs found
System Transfer, Education, and Development in Mozambique
No full textIn this study the author used conceptual historical method to assess the phenomenon of system transfer and the association between education and development in Mozambique. The assessment was administered through critical analysis of documents pertaining to the Salazar (1924-1966), Machel (1975-1986), and Chissano (1986-2005) administrations. The findings were that (a) the colonial government created economic and educational systems for colonizing Mozambique, whereas the Machel and Chissano administrations adapted foreign systems of government and education (i.e., Socialism, Soviet, Democracy, Portuguese, etc.), to their particular context without altering the inherent theoretical basis of the systems transferred; (b) the Machel and Chissano administrations, implicitly or explicitly, perceived the relationship between education and development as circular causality rather than a unidirectional linear causality, while the Salazar administration perceived it as unidirectional linear causality; and (c) while the Machel and Chissano administrations focused on primary education, literacy campaigns, and education of women and girls, they differed in the reasons for such focus
African Renaissance and Globalization: A Conceptual Analysis
No full textThis article explores the interaction between Globalization and the African Renaissance. Its main concern is twofold: to engage the intellectual and policy communities in further reflection about the intricacy and complexity of this interaction; and, consequently, to challenge these communities to exercise more caution when creating and adopting policies and action plans for Africa under the pressure of globalization. The paper (a) employs a conceptual analysis to tackle questions of adequacy, or inadequacy, of the term African Renaissance, (b) discusses connections between language, education, and freedom in post-colonial Africa; and, (c) suggests a response that Africans can adopt in their effort to position Africa as an equitable player amidst the influence of globalization. The author also challenges conceptions of knowledge and cognition, research practices and what constitutes valid research, publication culture and what constitutes publishable material, and the overrated celebration of cosmopolitanism by intellectuals
Cosmo-ubuntu : toward a new (exterior to modernity) theorizing about the human, the cosmos, and education
No full textCITATION:
Cossa, J., Le Grange, L., & Waghid, Y. (2020). Cosmo-ubuntu: Toward a new (exterior to modernity) theorizing about the human, the cosmos, and education. Comparative Education Review, 64(4), 753-756. https://doi.org/10.1086/710771This essay review offers reflections on “vCIES 2020: Education beyond the Human.” This 64th annual conference of the Comparative and International Education Society, which was to have taken place in Miami, was instead held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We would like to acknowledge Mame D. Ndiaye, a graduate student in the Cornell Institute for Public Affairs at Cornell University, for her en-gagement with our ideas toward a future publication.
1 The word bantaba originates from the Gambia in West Africa and is a derivative of two words in the Mandinka language: bant ‘tree’ and aba ‘meeting place’. Bantaba thus signifies a gathering of community members to discuss salient issues that affect the collective. Generally, under a big tree in the community, issues that matter to all are publicly discussed, with the aim to reach a consensus.
2 In 2020, ASIG submitted a proposal for the CIES Innovation Fund for a Global Bantaba to further expand access to people traveling from Africa. It was not funded due to the advent of COVID-19 and consequent budgetary constraints
Power: The Curse Haunting So-Called Developing Nations
No full textI will begin this discourse by means of the following analogy: We, as a family, are in the process of replacing windows in our house and the only way we can afford to do this is by replacing them one-by-one. Our neighbors are in the process of rebuilding their house and they have the financial means to demolish the old and build an entirely new house. Our projects start at the same time and our neighbor’s house is rebuilt in a matter of months; we, however, can only afford to replace one window per month since we only get paid a monthly salary on which we depend to pay bills and invest in projects such as the window-replacement project we are currently undertaking. One day, our neighbors who have been following the slow progression of our work, but ones whose history of greed and self-centeredness has been known to us for generations, come by and ask why it is that we opted to replace the windows one-by-one. We answer that it is not an option, but it is what we can afford; otherwise, we would replace all of them at once. They offer to lend us the money to finish our project so we can have this done at once and avoid the situation of getting to a point in which while the last windows are being replaced, the first ones are breaking again..
Shaping the Intellectual Landscape
No full textThe shape of the intellectual landscape of any given scholarly field can be attributed to a variety of factors, not least of which are the thoughts and acts of its early leaders. In this chapter, I focus on the role played by some early editors of the Comparative Education Review (CER)
African Higher Education and Altbach’s Influence
No full textThis chapter reflects on the importance of the work of Philip Altbach to higher education, with particular attention to African higher education transformation as it intersects with power dynamics in the sphere of international higher education and the conceptualization of research universities in the context of the developing world. The chapter draws inferences about how African scholars might benefit from Altbach’s work and like-minded Western scholars to contribute to the advancement of African higher education
Pietro Verri’s Contribution to the Economic Theory of the 18th Century: Commercial Society, Civil Society and Governance of the Economy
No full text'Count Pietro Verri (1728-97) - Schumpeter writes (History, p. 178) - - would have to be included in any list of the greatest economists'. Within the Milanese school, he certainly stands out, alongside with Cesare Beccaria, during one of the most interesting periods from a history of analysis point of view. Luigi Cossa's famous introduction to the study of political economy rates Pietro Verri to be inferior to Beccaria in ingenuity and scientific cultivation, but greatly to be ahead of him as an economist.1 This judgement by Cossa, in particular, seems to echo the relative position of the two men in the history of ideas, particularly after Beccaria's rise to fame with a book - On crimes and punishments - which had in fact been largely inspired by Verri himself and defended by him.2 It is proposed in the present paper to revisit some of the basic tenets of Pietro Verri's political economy, with more in view than dwell on specific intuitions and theorems: namely relate those to Verri's own - quite original - conception of the economy. The scholarly work of Pietro Verri - with a special reference to his Meditazioni sulla economia politica of 1771 - provides the first systematic contribution stemming from the quarters of Lombard enlightenment in the field of political economy, especially so if one considers that Cesare Beccaria's parallel work - namely his Elementi di economia pubblica, conceived and drafted at the same time as Verri's Meditazioni - would only be published posthumously several years later. From the vantage point afforded by Verri's political economy, we gain a considerably attractive view of the most significant elements and characteristic concepts of Lombard enlightenment during the latter half of the 18th century; Verri, moreover, as we shall see, builds on a number of them in a new and original way. This paper is aimed at discussing Verri's political economy mainly along two distinct, but related, lines. In the first place the conception of commercial society is considered such as it is treated by the author particularly in his Meditazioni. In this perspective the analysis of such issues as competition and the market or money and taxation occupy a central place. Secondly it will be necessary to emphasise that Verri's approach has little to do either with forms of pure economics on one side - largely yet to be born throughout the 18th century - or, on the other side, with such conceptions of the polis - contrariwise well alive among his own contemporaries - as are founded on a sovereign authority conceived to be situated above the law. What Verri's political economy ultimately amounts to is an economic conception of civil society. The latter has natural strong connections with his own fact-mindedness - emphasised by Schumpeter - as well as with his deep practical involvement in administrative affairs and in the reforming process taking place during the latter half of the 18th century in Milan. In our view, a thorough investigation along the mentioned lines is the precondition for an understanding of the intellectual stature and of the scholarly contribution of Pietro Verri. His main ground is distinctly analytical and only by appreciating his analysis is it possible to shed light on the meaning and intellectual significance also of his practical contributions. Moreover Verri's pronouncements on the criticism of despotic government, the relevance of intermediate powers or bodies and on multiple levels of governance will be examined in a new and original light, showing how close they are to the gist of his analysis.
Biogeochemical and contaminant cycling in sediments from a human-impacted coastal lagoon – Introduction and summary
No full textFrom 2001 to 2003, the Microbent project (‘‘Biogeochemical processes at the water sediment interface in eutrophic environment’’) was carried out within the framework of the Programme National Environnement Coˆtier, the French contribution to LandeOcean Interaction in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ). The Microbent programme was focused on the study of
sediment biogeochemical cycles of carbon, oxygen, sulphur, iron, nitrogen, and phosphorus in relation to the faunal activity in the sediment and their relation with the mobility of metallic contaminants at the sedimentewater interface (SWI) in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Thau lagoon, France; Fig. 1). The aim of Microbent was to set up an interdisciplinary study bringing together geochemists, sedimentologists, and biologists in order to understand and quantify the main reaction pathways, and the fluxes of contaminants at the SWI, including those related to benthic fauna. Work was focused on the processes which generate contaminant fluxes: (1) early diagenetic processes, which generate the chemical conditions of the environment; (2) processes leading to the transfer of contaminants from particles toward biofilms, water column, and organisms; and (3) processes of sediment mixing by organisms and sediment accumulation
CRISTÃO ANÔNIMO: UMA ANÁLISE DA AÇÃO SALVÍFICA DE DEUS NO MUNDO REPLETO DE RELIGIÕES E CULTURAS DIFERENTES À LUZ DA TEOLOGIA DE KARL RAHNER
No full textThe question of salvation for non-Christians became a controversial issue for 20th-century theology, involving several theologians, among them Karl Rahner, who holds a prominent position. Therefore, the present essay intends to present Karl Rahner's viewpoint on the notion of anonymous christian, since it is his conviction that in virtue of the universal salvific will, God's grace should be accessible to all human beings in their respective cultures and religions. His contribution played a pioneering role in the Catholic Church's theological reflection on the value of other religious traditions in God's saving design. The notion of the 'anonymous Christian' broke with the exclusivist vision that had prevailed since the medieval era.A questão da salvação de não cristãos tornou-se para a teologia do século XX, um dos aspectos mais polêmicos que envolveu vários teólogos, dentre os quais Karl Rahner ocupa uma posição destacável. Portanto, o presente artigo pretende apresentar o ponto de vista de Karl Rahner quanto à noção de cristão anônimo, pois é da convicção dele que em virtude da vontade salvífica universal, a graça de Deus deve ser acessível a todos os seres humanos nas suas respectivas culturas e religiões. A sua contribuição exerceu um papel pioneiro na reflexão teológica da Igreja Católica sobre o valor das outras tradições religiosas no desígnio salvífico de Deus. A noção de ‘cristão anônimo’ rompeu com a visão exclusivista que predominava desde a era medieval
- …
