140 research outputs found
Modellierung des Ewing Sarkom in Mäusen und Erkenntnisse bei der Metastasierung
No full textEwing Sarcoma is the second most frequent bone malignancy in children and adolescence. Less than 40% of metastatic patients survive beyond 5 years. The aim of this thesis therefore was to develop a genetic mouse model of Ewing-like Sarcoma based on conditional EWS/FLI1 expression. As functional approach, we took advantage of mesenchymal directed Prx1CreERT2 conditional EWS/FLI1 expression in mice. It led to formation of metastatic small round cell sarcomas.Ewing Sarkom ist die zweithäufigste Knochentumorerkrankung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Rund 40% der metastatischen Patienten zeigen ein 5 Jahres Überleben. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, ein genetisches Mausmodell von Ewing-artigem Sarkom auf der Grundlage einer bedingten EWS/FLI1 Expression zu entwickeln. Als funktionaler Ansatz nutzten wir die Mesenchymale Prx1CreERT2 gerichtete bedingte EWS/FLI1 Expression in Mäusen. Es führte zur Bildung metastatischer kleinen runden Sarkome
Tahereh Mirzayi’s poems in the context of translation and self-rewriting: an unwanted August rain
No full textÇeviri, insanoğlunun tarih boyunca ilgilendiği, milletler - kültürler arası iletişim ve etkileşimi sağlayan çok önemli bir uğraşıdır. Edebiyat açısından ise çevrinin vazgeçilmezliği tartışılmazdır. Tarih boyunca edebî eserler farklı dillere çevrilmiş, bu da eserlerin kendi dilleri dışında başka dillerde yeni okurlara ulaşmasını sağlamıştır. Bu şekilde gelişen edebî çeviri faaliyetleri hem yazarların - şairlerin evrenselleşmesini sağlamış hem de dünya edebiyatları arasında bir etkileşim meydana getirmiştir. Şiir çevirisi ise edebî çevirinin daha özel ve bir açıdan tartışmalı bir alanı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Şiirin dilin genel sözdiziminden farklı bir yapısının olması, şiirde biçim ve ses unsurlarının anlam kadar önemli olması ve kimi şiirlerde dilin sınırlarının zorlanması şiir çevirisini güçleştirmektedir. Bu yüzden tarih boyunca şiirin tam olarak çevrilemeyeceği düşüncesini iddia edenler de olmuştur. Çalışmamızda bu bağlamda İranlı şair Tahereh Mirzayi’nin (d. 1979) Türkiye’de yayımladığı İstenmeyen Bir Ağustos Yağmuru adlı şiir kitabını inceleyeceğiz. Şiirlerini Farsça yazan Mirzayi, bu kitabında yer alan şiirleri kendisi Türkçeye çevirmiştir. Kitaptaki şiirler ayrıca Baki Yiğit tarafından İngilizceye çevrilmiş, kitap bu şekilde Türkçe - İngilizce iki dilli olarak yayımlanmıştır. Şairin şiirlerini kendisinin çevirmesi bir bakıma bu şiirlerin yeniden yazılması anlamına gelmektedir. Çalışmamızda bu noktada şiir çevirisi, yenidenyazma, öz-yenidenyazma kavramları üzerinde duracak ve ardından Tahereh Mirzayi’nin İstenmeyen Bir Ağustos Yağmuru ile Farsçadan Türkçeye, Türkçeden de İngilizceye uzanan şiir serüvenini bu kavramlar üzerinden irdeleyeceğiz.Translation is a very important endeavour that human beings have been interested in throughout history ensuring communication as well as interaction between nations and cultures. Translation is indispensable in terms of literature. Throughout history, works of literature have been translated into different languages, which has enabled them to be accessible to new readers in other languages besides their own. Thus, the literary translation activities that have developed in this way have both ensured the universalisation of the author and the poet and created an interaction between the world literatures. Poetry translation is a more specialised and controversial area of literary translation. Since poetry has a different structure from the general syntax of the language, form and sound elements are as important as meaning in poetry, and the limits of language are pushed in some poems, poetry translation becomes difficult. Therefore, it has been claimed throughout history that the poetry can never be translated completely. In this context, we will analyse the poetry book titled İstenmeyen Bir Ağustos Yağmuru (An Unwanted August Rain) published in Turkey by Iranian poet Tahereh Mirzayi (b. 1979). Having written his poems in Persian, Mirzayi has translated the poems in this book into Turkish himself. The poems in the book were also translated into English by Baki Yiğit, and the book was published bilingually in Turkish and English. The translation of poems by the poet himself means, in a sense, the rewriting of these poems. At this point in our study, we will focus on the concepts of poetry translation, re-writing, self-re-writing and then we will analyse Tahereh Mirzayi’s poetry adventure from Persian to Turkish and from Turkish to English with İstenmeyen Bir Ağustos Yağmuru (An Unwanted August Rain) through these concepts
Can the presence of author photograph and biography have an impact on article citations? The case of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of author photograph and biography in scientific articles could have an impact on article citations. The impact of photograph and biography, in combination with the author characteristics i.e., gender, affiliation country (measured as whether the author was affiliated to a high-income country or not), and scientific impact (measured as whether the author was a high impact author or not), was also examined, whilst controlling for several covariates. This study focused on a sample of articles published in the time span of 2016–2018 in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering journals by Elsevier. The articles were downloaded from Scopus. The analysis was done using random effects within-between model analyses. Within authors, the results showed no significant impact of author photograph and biography on the geomean of citations. Different patterns were found for visibility of articles, when author photograph and biography was combined with author characteristics. While being affiliated to a high-income country and being a high impact author had a positive impact on citations, gender (female) had a negative impact. For gender, there was a small citation disadvantage of 5% for female authors when they provided a photograph and biography
Nature Communications / STAT3 regulated ARF expression suppresses prostate cancer metastasis
No full textProstate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer in men. Hyperactive STAT3 is thought to be oncogenic in PCa. However, targeting of the IL-6/STAT3 axis in PCa patients has failed to provide therapeutic benefit. Here we show that genetic inactivation of Stat3 or IL-6 signalling in a Pten-deficient PCa mouse model accelerates cancer progression leading to metastasis. Mechanistically, we identify p19ARF as a direct Stat3 target. Loss of Stat3 signalling disrupts the ARF–Mdm2–p53 tumour suppressor axis bypassing senescence. Strikingly, we also identify STAT3 and CDKN2A mutations in primary human PCa. STAT3 and CDKN2A deletions co-occurred with high frequency in PCa metastases. In accordance, loss of STAT3 and p14ARF expression in patient tumours correlates with increased risk of disease recurrence and metastatic PCa. Thus, STAT3 and ARF may be prognostic markers to stratify high from low risk PCa patients. Our findings challenge the current discussion on therapeutic benefit or risk of IL-6/STAT3 inhibition.Jan Pencik, Michaela Schlederer, Wolfgang Gruber, Christine Unger, Steven M. Walker, Athena Chalaris, Isabelle J. Marie, Melanie R. Hassler, Tahereh Javaheri, Osman Aksoy, Jaine K. Blayney, Nicole Prutsch, Anna Skucha, Merima Herac, Oliver H. Krämer, Peter Mazal, Florian Grebien, Gerda Egger, Valeria Poli, Wolfgang Mikulits, Robert Eferl, Harald Esterbauer, Richard Kennedy, Falko Fend, Marcus Scharpf, Martin Braun, Sven Perner, David E. Levy, Tim Malcolm, Suzanne D. Turner, Andrea Haitel, Martin Susani, Ali Moazzami, Stefan Rose-John, Fritz Aberger, Olaf Merkel, Richard Moriggl, Zoran Culig, Helmut Dolznig & Lukas Kenner1
Political narrative fiction and the responsibility of the author
No full textArt in general and fiction in particular have had close affinities with politics throughout history. When there is a close tie between a narrative fiction and political issues then critics may deem it as "committed fiction". Political fiction is at the crossroads of political science and the art of fiction. And more often than not, novelists are involved with politics but not all of them are dubbed as or even consider themselves to be political novelists. In this article I attempt to investigate political fiction as a distinct genre produced (un)consciously by a range of (politically committed) novelists and critics. The authors discussed in this paper demonstrate dissimilar perspectives on freedom and democracy. Also, regarding political fiction and the responsibility of author, we will see how divergent is the attitudes of critics such as George Orwell, Allen Robbe-Grillet, Juan Goytisolo, Mario Vargas Llosa and Isabel Allende
The impact of information about authors and paper research topic on citation disparities: a gender perspective
No full textGender disparity in terms of citation performance has been widely documented in the scientific literature. Some research suggests that women’s publications are cited at lower rates than men’s publications, whilst others have found the opposite results or no differences. The process of scientific citations seems to be subject to considerable biases. As an example, it is believed that information about authors with regard to country or university might have a negative effect on the number of received citations. The research topic of an article is also believed to have an effect on received citations. Thus, biases may also be due to the research topic of an article. Females and male researchers differ in their research interests. This study aims to investigate whether there is a gender bias in citing scholars, when controlling for the availability of information about authors (i.e. affiliation, biography, and photographs) and the topic of their papers. There are three objectives. First, to compare the number of citations received by female and male authors. Second, to compare female and male authors’ citations received based on the availability of authors’ information. Third, to compare female and male authors’ number of citations received in papers with similar topics. The dataset of this study is composed of a sample of articles and reviews published by the top 5 % of highly productive authors in the field of chemistry, retrieved from the WOS database between 2012 and 2014. In order to control for the impact of author byline order, we only focused on those records where the productive author was the corresponding author
Municipal solid waste management in Tehran : Changes during the last 5 years
No full textThe situation of waste management in Tehran was a typical example of it in developing countries. The amount of municipal solid waste has been increasing and the city has depended on landfill for municipal solid waste management. However, in recent years, various measures have been taken by the city, such as collecting recyclables at the source and increasing the capacity of waste-processing facilities. As a result, significant changes in the waste stream are starting to occur. This study investigated the nature of, and reasons for, the marked changes in the waste stream from 2008 to 2012 by analysing the municipal solid waste statistics published by the Tehran Waste Management Organization in 2013 and survey data on the physical composition of the municipal solid waste. The following trends were identified: Although the generation of municipal solid waste increased by 10% during the 5-year period, the amount of waste directly disposed of to landfill halved and resource recovery almost doubled. An increase in the capacity of a waste-processing facility contributed significantly to these changes. The biodegradable fraction going to landfill was estimated by using the quantity and the composition of each input to the landfill. The estimated result in 2012 decreased to 49% of its value in 2008
Towards A Transcultural Formation: A Postcolonial Reading Of Isabel Allende’s Selected Texts
No full textThis dissertation focuses on three contemporary self-representational novels by the Latin American author, Isabel Allende. From a dual, postcolonial and transcultural perspective, this work analyzes the thematic structures and mode of writing used by the author to create or re-create a zone for silenced and marginalized groups to speak out. The stories are rooted in the South American continent‟s real socio-historical events, and the complexities and contradictions of the contemporary Latin American cultural context. Elaborating on certain postcolonial concepts, particularly the theories proposed by Homi Bhabha and Frantz Ortiz, the present dissertation identifies the process by which Allende makes opposing voices and methods of representation commingle to form an ideal hybridized model, both in characterization and in writing mode. In other words, the emergence of mestizo and magical realism are equally the results of a cultural syncretism. As transcultural phenomena, they share the feature of a negation of negotiability, since their negotiability is attained only after an introductory phase of negation. The present dissertation analyzes Allende‟s three novels, The House of the Spirits, Daughter of Fortune, and Zorro, and explores the mechanism by which the author disarms the dominant colonial discourse, through re-writing history from the viewpoint of the colonized and marginalized groups, and re-creating a new image of the self via her unique art of characterization
UM MAPEAMENTO DE EXPERIÊNCIA ESTÉTICA COM TEXTO FICCIONAL: ESTILHAÇOS DE INTERAÇÕES SOCIAIS
No full textThis work aimed to demonstrate, via mapping of aesthetic experience with the book
Estilhaça-me, by Tahereh Mafi, the reflection on social interactions based on the character
Juliette. Mapping of aesthetic experience (MAPEE) is defined as the “association of the
concepts of the Theory of Aesthetic Responde and Literary Anthropology to the experience
of literary reading by the person who reads” (SANTOS; COSTA; SOUTO, 2020, p 13.). The
use of MAPEE can help in self-knowledge, in understanding others, differences and
experiences, and as all this significantly and subjectively influences each person, it can also
promote, in addition to dialogue, the reader's literary and personal autonomy. This
methodology for recording aesthetic experience has its heuristic basis in Wolfgang Iser's
Theory of Aesthetic Response. Thus, the author of this TCC registered her aesthetic
experience as a reader of the aforementioned novel with a view to achieving the proposed
objective.Este trabalho teve como objetivo demonstrar, via mapeamento de experiência estética com
o livro Estilhaça-me, de Tahereh Mafi, a reflexão acerca das interações sociais a partir da
personagem Juliette. Define-se mapeamento de experiência estética (MAPEE) como sendo
a “associação dos conceitos da Teoria do Efeito Estético e da Antropologia Literária à
experiência de leitura literária pelo próprio sujeito que lê” (SANTOS; COSTA; SOUTO,
2020, p 13.). O uso de MAPEE pode auxiliar no autoconhecimento, no entendimento do
próximo, das diferenças e vivências, e como tudo isso influencia de forma significativa e
subjetiva em cada pessoa, pode ainda promover, além do diálogo, a autonomia literária e
pessoal do leitor. Esta metodologia de registro da experiência estética tem sua base heurística
na Teoria do Efeito Estético de Wolfgang Iser. Assim, a autora deste TCC registrou sua
experiência estética como leitora do citado romance com vista a consecução do objetivo
proposto
Exquisite and Old Versions of Tazkerat al-Sho'ara in the Central Library of the University of Tehran (Dolatshah Samarkandi, written on 7 Rajab 893 AH)
No full textBackground and purpose: Tadzkirah Al-Shoðra is a general biographical memoir written in the biography of poets and writers of Iranian and Arab. There are many manuscripts of this book in Iran and the world, but the two manuscripts of the National Library and the manuscripts of the Library of Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad have the same date of the author. Experts believe the Mashhad version is the author's script. However, it seems the 15039 version of the National Library is the oldest because it script is graceful Nastaliq. Until now, there have studied various but few on Tazkira Al-Shaara. These studies are only one correction and a few short articles that the famous versions have not introduced. A copy of this book dated 7 Rajab 893 AH is available in the Central Library of the University of Tehran. This article aims to introduce this exquisite and old version and it compares with some other versions of Tadzkire in the same library. The edition 2468 of the Central Library of the University of Tehran was introduced for the first time and it is very important in terms of a research codicology because it is close to the time of its composition.
Materials and methods: The study was based on a qualitative review and analysis of the writing and language of the Tazkira al-Sha'ar version with a library method.
Findings: This article introduces and examines the linguistic structure, vocabulary, and writing style in the 2468 edition. The script of the manuscript and drawing of letters and words has written in the 9th century. The copy is complete and has no gaps and the authenticity and trustworthiness of the text have been preserved based on the oldest available text. It is a vocalized version and language acquisition is very low in this version. Dolatshah has defined and divided the poets based on their lifetime in the Tazkira. He has introduced some limited poets, and some have been described in detail.
Conclusion: The text of the version is written almost identically. The drawing of letters and words throughout a copy is fixed and matured. The writing and content of this manuscript are very similar to the oldest version, which is probably the author's handwriting
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