11 research outputs found
The Yzykh In The Context of Tradıtıonal Khakassıan Belıefs / GELENEKSEL HAKAS İNANÇLARI BAĞLAMINDA IZIH*
No full textThroughout history in all societies, sacrifice has been one of the man’s preferred ways
to get closer to God or to communicate with him. Even though the practices on the sacrifice
vary from society to society, they have basically remained the same. The Turks’ sense and
practice of sacrifice before being a Muslim correspond to ıdık/ızıh. In Siberia, this practice
has been continued until recently by non-Muslim Siberian Turks who partly continuing old
Turkish beliefs. Izıh sacrifice has individual aspects as well as social aspects. At the same
time, the economic dimension of ızıh sacrifice is worth to be examined as it happens in every
sacrifice. When considered from this point of view, the latest examples of the above-mentioned
practices of sacrifice performed in the USSR have been one of the accelerating factors
of complete disappearance. In the belief systems of specifically Khakass Turks and generally
Siberian Turks, the disappearance of the sacrifice has greatly affected (in negative sense)
their traditional belief systems. Because the practices and rituals about ızıh have included
the different dimensions of belief, and its disappearance has caused the disappearance of the
other elements that belong to this belief. This article focuses on Khakass beliefs about ızıhs
which are dedicated animals to Khakass Turks’ gods and spirits, and religious ceremonies.
This research is based on archived documents, field documents and published data. The author
dwells on in what ways these beliefs and practices depend on the structures of family and
tribe, semantics and their functions
Automatisk testbedomning och utfallsgenerering genom CAN-overvakning
No full textIn this thesis the author presents an investigation on how to automate and streamline in-vehicle testing by developing a novel automated in-vehicle testing tool. The developed software architecture aims to reduce the amount of manual labor in order to decrease the time necessary to perform the manual in-vehicle tests. This is realized by a software tool with a client-server architecture, where the server monitors the Controller Area Network (CAN) traffic on one of the vehicle's CAN buses and the clients are test steps to be performed on the System Under Test (SUT). The test steps can be written in the Python programming language and bolted on individually. Through the use of Independent Guarded Assertions (IGAs) multiple tests are allowed to execute continuously and in parallel. The thesis, written at Scania CV AB, investigates the field of automotive testing by literature study, to identify the State Of The Art (SOTA) in the field; interviews, to capture the Scania CV AB's needs and requirements; and a case study, to verify and analyze the implemented testing tool. The result of the literature study shows that there already exist many possible solutions, but they focus mostly on virtual environments and software based systems, thus not directly compatible with the invehicle environment. From the interviews a number of requirements are identified, both regarding tool functionality and safety related aspects e.g. intrusiveness of in-vehicle tools. Results from the case study shows that the in-vehicle testing environment is more intricate than initially perceived, both in terms of the factors that dictates the time necessary to perform it and technical complexity. In conclusion, this thesis shows that there is a great potential to improve the manual in-vehicle testing by adding more automated support and tools. It is also evident that the execution time is not the only prospect that can be positively affected. Reproducibility, formal test specifications, and the possibility to produce richer test cases are some of the advantages discovered.. I det har examensarbetet, pa mastersniva, undersoker forfattaren hur det ar mojligt att automatisera och effektivisera fordonstest genom att ta fram ett nytt automatiserat fordonstestningsverktyg. Den utvecklade mjukvaruarkitekturen siktar pa att reducera mangden manuellt arbete for att minska tiden som kravs for att utfora de manuella fordonstesterna. Detta ar forverkligat med ett mjukvaruverktyg byggt pa en klient serverarkitektur dar servern overvakar Controller Area Network (CAN) traffiken pa en av fordonets CAN-bus och klienterna ar teststeg som ska utforas pa Systemet Under Test (SUT). Teststegen kan skrivas i programmeringsspraket Python och hakas pa individuellt. Genom att anvanda Independent Guarded Assertions (IGAs) mojliggors flera tester att exekvera kontinuerligt och parallellt. Examensarbetet, utfort pa Scania CV AB, undersoker fordonstestomradet genom en litteraturstudie, for att identifiera de senaste ronen inom omradet; intervjuer, for att fangaScania CV ABs behov och krav; och en fallstudie, for att verifiera och analysera det implementerade testverktyget. Resultatet fran litteraturstudien visar att det redan finns manga mojliga losningar, men de fokuserar mestadels pa virtuella miljoer och mjukvarubaserade system, vilket inte ar direkt kompatibelt med fordonstestmiljon. Fran intervjuerna identifierades ett antal krav som beror bade funktionalitets- och sakerhetsrelaterade aspekter, till exempel distraktionsgraden av fordonstestverktyg. Resultat fran fallstudien visar pa att fordonstestmiljon ar mer invecklad an forvantat, bade vad galler de faktorer som paverkar tiden det tar att utfora fordonstesterna och den tekniska komplexiteten. Som slutsats visar examensarbetet att det finns en stor potential att forbattra manuella fordonstester genom att tillfora mer automatiserade verktyg. Det ar ocksa tydligt att det inte bara ar tiden det tar att exekvera test som kan paverkas positivt. Reproducerbarhet, formella testspecifikationer och mojligheten att skara mer uttrycksfulla testfall ar nagra fordelar som upptackts
The All Whites are alright with us: An analysis of New Zealand national media coverage surrounding the 2010 All Whites World Cup finals campaign
No full textIn June of 2010, the New Zealand men’s representative football team, the All Whites, contested the FIFA World Cup finals in South Africa for only the second time. Due to their credible on-field performances and unprecedented exposure in the national media, their campaign captured the attention of the New Zealand public like never before; surpassing even the national interest in the previous 1982 All Whites and their own storied World Cup finals campaign. Mainstream New Zealand’s sudden resurgence of interest and the accompanying rise in the All Whites’ media profile provided a rare opportunity to undertake a substantial survey of the media discourses surrounding the team in the hopes of better understanding the ways in which national audiences were likely to have (re)configured their understandings regarding the team and, in the broader sense, football’s place in the contemporary New Zealand socio-cultural landscape. Via an integration of poststructuralist textual analysis and content analysis, this thesis examined a sampling of national media coverage related to the All Whites’ 2010 World Cup campaign. Overarching themes relating to masculinity, nationalism and celebrity were identified, and I argue that audiences engaging with the media discourses surrounding these themes would likely have been encouraged to ascribe to the All Whites (a) an acceptably masculine status, (b) an authentic affiliation to New Zealand national identity, and (c) to ascribe to All Whites captain Ryan Nelsen a legitimated celebrity status. Furthermore, I suggest that these likely interpretations are indicative of an incremental but ongoing shift for football and the All Whites away from New Zealand’s socio-cultural periphery and towards its centre
Los estudios socioculturales sobre el juego tradicional: una revisión taxonómica
No full textThis article examines the contributions of the anthropological study of games as a particular subfield of this discipline: the anthropology of games. It includes a detailed description of the anthropology, folklore, ethnology and ethnography based studies that contribute to analyse the socio-cultural aspects of the leisure phenomenon. The author focuses on the various taxonomies formulated to systematise leisure manifestations. The analysis of these classifications points out the limitations of the taxonomies, mainly due to their non-fulfilment of the criteria required in any taxonomy.El artículo examina las aportaciones de la antropología al estudio del juego como ámbito específico dentro de la disciplina, la antropología del juego. Se mencionan pormenorizadamente los estudios que, desde la antropología y también desde el folklore, la etnología y la etnografía, se han ocupado de dilucidar los aspectos socioculturales del fenómeno lúdico. En el abordaje de la perspectiva antropológica del juego, el autor hace hincapié en las diversas taxonomías que se han formulado para sistematizar el conjunto de manifestaciones lúdicas. El análisis de las clasificaciones pone de relieve las carencias que presentan, debidas sobre todo al incumplimiento de los criterios exigibles a cualquier taxonomía
The Changing Landscape for Stroke Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2
No full textBackground GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients’ baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score ≥2; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701
Anticoagulant selection in relation to the SAMe-TT2R2 score in patients with atrial fibrillation: The GLORIA-AF registry
No full textAim: The SAMe-TT2R2 score helps identify patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) likely to have poor anticoagulation control during anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and those with scores >2 might be better managed with a target-specific oral anticoagulant (NOAC). We hypothesized that in clinical practice, VKAs may be prescribed less frequently to patients with AF and SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 than to patients with lower scores. Methods and results: We analyzed the Phase III dataset of the Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF), a large, global, prospective global registry of patients with newly diagnosed AF and ≥1 stroke risk factor. We compared baseline clinical characteristics and antithrombotic prescriptions to determine the probability of the VKA prescription among anticoagulated patients with the baseline SAMe-TT2R2 score >2 and ≤ 2. Among 17,465 anticoagulated patients with AF, 4,828 (27.6%) patients were prescribed VKA and 12,637 (72.4%) patients an NOAC: 11,884 (68.0%) patients had SAMe-TT2R2 scores 0-2 and 5,581 (32.0%) patients had scores >2. The proportion of patients prescribed VKA was 28.0% among patients with SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 and 27.5% in those with scores ≤2. Conclusions: The lack of a clear association between the SAMe-TT2R2 score and anticoagulant selection may be attributed to the relative efficacy and safety profiles between NOACs and VKAs as well as to the absence of trial evidence that an SAMe-TT2R2-guided strategy for the selection of the type of anticoagulation in NVAF patients has an impact on clinical outcomes of efficacy and safety. The latter hypothesis is currently being tested in a randomized controlled trial. Clinical trial registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov//Unique identifier: NCT01937377, NCT01468701, and NCT01671007
Correction to: Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonists for atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: GLORIA-AF Registry
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, the name of the GLORIA-AF investigator Anastasios Kollias was given incorrectly as Athanasios Kollias in the Acknowledgements. The original article has been corrected
Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in patients with stable coronary artery disease: an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
No full textValidating the predictive ability of the 2MACE score for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: results from phase II/III of the GLORIA-AF registry
No full textThe 2MACE score was specifically developed as a risk-stratification tool in atrial fibrillation (AF) to predict cardiovascular outcomes. We evaluated the predictive ability of the 2MACE score in the GLORIA-AF registry. All eligible patients from phase II/III of the prospective global GLORIA-AF registry were included. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were defined as the composite outcome of stroke, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Cox proportional hazards were used to examine the relationship between the 2MACE score and study outcomes. Predictive capability of the 2MACE score was investigated using receiver-operating characteristic curves. A total of 25,696 patients were included (mean age 71 years, female 44.9%). Over 3 years, 1583 MACEs were recorded. Patients who had MACE were older, with more cardiovascular risk factors and were less likely to be managed using a rhythm-control strategy. The median 2MACE score in the MACE and non-MACE groups were 2 (IQR 1-3) and 1 (IQR 0-2), respectively (p < 0.001). The 2MACE score was positively associated with an increase in the risk of MACE, with a score of ≥ 2 providing the best combination of sensitivity (69.6%) and specificity (51.6%), HR 2.47 (95% CI, 2.21-2.77). The 2MACE score had modest predictive performance for MACE in patients with AF (AUC 0.655 (95% CI, 0.641-0.669)). Our analysis in this prospective global registry demonstrates that the 2MACE score can adequately predict the risk of MACE (defined as myocardial infarction, CV death and stroke) in patients with AF. Clinical trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifiers: NCT01468701, NCT01671007 and NCT01937377
Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in patients with stable peripheral or carotid artery disease: an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND:Patients with peripheral artery disease have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Antiplatelet agents are widely used to reduce these complications.METHODS:This was a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial for which patients were recruited at 602 hospitals, clinics, or community practices from 33 countries across six continents. Eligible patients had a history of peripheral artery disease of the lower extremities (previous peripheral bypass surgery or angioplasty, limb or foot amputation, intermittent claudication with objective evidence of peripheral artery disease), of the carotid arteries (previous carotid artery revascularisation or asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of at least 50%), or coronary artery disease with an ankle-brachial index of less than 0·90. After a 30-day run-in period, patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive oral rivaroxaban (2·5 mg twice a day) plus aspirin (100 mg once a day), rivaroxaban twice a day (5 mg with aspirin placebo once a day), or to aspirin once a day (100 mg and rivaroxaban placebo twice a day). Randomisation was computer generated. Each treatment group was double dummy, and the patient, investigators, and central study staff were masked to treatment allocation. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke; the primary peripheral artery disease outcome was major adverse limb events including major amputation. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01776424, and is closed to new participants.FINDINGS:Between March 12, 2013, and May 10, 2016, we enrolled 7470 patients with peripheral artery disease from 558 centres. The combination of rivaroxaban plus aspirin compared with aspirin alone reduced the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (126 [5%] of 2492 vs 174 [7%] of 2504; hazard ratio [HR] 0·72, 95% CI 0·57-0·90, p=0·0047), and major adverse limb events including major amputation (32 [1%] vs 60 [2%]; HR 0·54 95% CI 0·35-0·82, p=0·0037). Rivaroxaban 5 mg twice a day compared with aspirin alone did not significantly reduce the composite endpoint (149 [6%] of 2474 vs 174 [7%] of 2504; HR 0·86, 95% CI 0·69-1·08, p=0·19), but reduced major adverse limb events including major amputation (40 [2%] vs 60 [2%]; HR 0·67, 95% CI 0·45-1·00, p=0·05). The median duration of treatment was 21 months. The use of the rivaroxaban plus aspirin combination increased major bleeding compared with the aspirin alone group (77 [3%] of 2492 vs 48 [2%] of 2504; HR 1·61, 95% CI 1·12-2·31, p=0·0089), which was mainly gastrointestinal. Similarly, major bleeding occurred in 79 (3%) of 2474 patients with rivaroxaban 5 mg, and in 48 (2%) of 2504 in the aspirin alone group (HR 1·68, 95% CI 1·17-2·40; p=0·0043).INTERPRETATION:Low-dose rivaroxaban taken twice a day plus aspirin once a day reduced major adverse cardiovascular and limb events when compared with aspirin alone. Although major bleeding was increased, fatal or critical organ bleeding was not. This combination therapy represents an important advance in the management of patients with peripheral artery disease. Rivaroxaban alone did not significantly reduce major adverse cardiovascular events compared with asprin alone, but reduced major adverse limb events and increased major bleeding
