157 research outputs found
Twenty-five-year trends in myocardial infarction attack and mortality rates, and case-fatality, in six European populations
No full textObjective Due to the burden of coronary heart disease (CHD), the monitoring of CHD trends is required. This study sought to examine the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) trends in attack and mortality rates, and in 28-day case-fatality, in six European populations during 1985-2010. Methods Data consisted of 78 128 AMI events included in eight population-based registries from Finland (several populations), Italy (Brianza and Varese), Germany (Augsburg), France (Haute-Garonne), Spain (Girona) and Estonia (Tallinn). AMI event rates and case-fatality trends were analysed using the annual percentage change (APC) obtained by negative binomial and joinpoint regression. Results AMI attack and mortality rates decreased in most populations. Finland experienced the steepest decline in attack rates (APC=-4.4% (95% CI -5.1 to -2.9) in men; -4.0% (-5.1 to -2.8), in women). Total-hospital and inhospital case-fatality decreased in all populations except in Tallinn. The steepest decline in total case-fatality occurred in Spain (-3.8% (-5.3 to -2.4) in men; -5.1% (-6.9 to -3.3) in women). Prehospital case-fatality trends differed significantly by population and sex. The trends for all included populations showed a significant decline in AMI event rates and case-fatality, in both sexes and all age groups. However, in women aged 65-74 years, a significant increase in total case-fatality occurred in 2005-2010 (4.7% (0.7 to 8.8)). Conclusions AMI event rates and inhospital case-fatality declined in 1985-2010 in almost all populations analysed. Prehospital case-fatality declined only in certain population groups, showing differences by sex. These results highlight the need of specific strategies in AMI prevention for certain groups and populations. © 2015 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Cardiovascular Society
Fatty acid composition of plasma lipids in healthy Portuguese children: Is the Mediterranean diet disappearing?
Get PDFBackground: Adults and children in Mediterranean countries are believed to consume a Mediterranean-type diet wh ich is h ig her in monounsaturated a nd n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than compared to central and northern parts of Europe and has preventive effects for cardiovascular risks. Subjects and Methods: in preschool children from Porto, Portugal (n = 35) and Munich, Germany (n = 18) we determined the plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition considered as a biomarker for dietary fat intake. Results: The plasma phospholipid contents of total saturated fatty acids are similar in both groups, but the Portuguese children have lower values of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The results indicate that the food habits of Portuguese children are even less close to the traditional Mediterranean diet than those of German children, Conclusions: Efforts should be made to encourage young families as well as manufacturers and distributors of food products in Portugal to emphasize traditional Mediterranean food habits, especially in young children. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG. Basel
Atmospheric NO, temperature and ischaemic heart disease. Study in Toulouse and its conurbation
No full textJ Hypertension
No full textObjectives: The 2-adrenoceptor (ADRB2) plays a pivotal role in signalling in relation to hypertension and obesity. Polymorphisms of the ADRB2 gene have been shown to be potentially related to essential hypertension and other non-cardiovascular disease phenotypes. We investigated whether genetic variation of the ADRB2 gene might be related to essential hypertension or myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Four ADRB2 gene polymorphisms C19R (T–47C), T–20C, G16R (G+46A), Q27E (C+79G) were investigated in two studies: PEGASE, a study of moderate to severe hypertension (707 cases) conducted in France, and ECTIM, a case-control study of MI (1178 cases, 1187 controls) conducted in France, Northern Ireland and Scotland. Genotyping was performed using allele-specific oligonucleotides. Results: The ADRB2 polymorphisms T–20C and Q27E were found to be completely concordant, generating the haplotypes [T–20–Q27] and [C–20–E27]. Three main haplotypes accounted for 94% of all haplotypes: [R19–G16–E27] (39%), [C19–R16–Q27] (35%) and [C19–G16–Q27] (20%). Haplotype frequencies were not significantly different between countries. Allele and genotype frequencies did not differ significantly between cases with essential hypertension or MI and control subjects. There was no association of the polymorphisms with early onset hypertension, blood pressure level, coronary artery stenosis or any other phenotype measured in these study populations. In the ECTIM Study, our calculation revealed that we could have detected an odds ratio (OR) for MI of 1.3 with 80% power at a 5% type I error probability, the corresponding value for the PEGASE Study being an OR of 1.6 for hypertension. Conclusions: From our present analysis we conclude that the ADRB2 gene polymorphisms studied do not contribute in any important way to the risk of essential hypertension or MI in subjects of European ancestry
J Hypertens
No full textBACKGROUND: Our objective was to investigate the impact of both prevalent and incident hypertension on cognition in middle-aged individuals followed up for 10 years and to explore the extent to which blood pressure control by antihypertensive drugs could modify this relationship. METHOD: Three thousand, two hundred and one participants from the Vieillissement Sante Travail (Aging, Health and Work) (VISAT) cohort study, aged 32, 42, 52 and 62 years at baseline were followed up 5 and 10 years later. Blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use as well as memory and speed cognitive performances were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Linear mixed models were used for analyses. RESULTS: At 10-year follow-up, compared with nonhypertensive participants, prevalent hypertensive individuals showed poorer global cognitive performances (beta = -2.99 +/- 0.96, P = 0.002 for participants aged 32 or 42 years at baseline and beta = -5.94 +/- 1.00, P < 0.001 for those aged 52 or 62). Patients with incident hypertension had poorer global cognitive performances over time compared with patients without hypertension. When considering prevalent hypertension and blood pressure control status by antihypertensive therapy, untreated and uncontrolled hypertension were associated with poorer cognitive performances than controlled and no hypertension (untreated hypertension compared with no hypertension: beta = -5.51 +/- 0.75, P < 0.001; uncontrolled hypertension compared with no hypertension: beta = -6.13 +/- 1.40, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that both prevalent and incident hypertension are associated with poorer global cognitive function in middle-aged individuals and suggested a potential preventive effect of antihypertensive therapy on cognition. Thus, for brain functioning, heightened efforts to detect hypertension and adequately treat it are of critical importance
SINGAPUR (Estrecho). Cartas nauticas (1876). 1:9000
No full textCoordenadas de Monte Serapong referidas al meridiano de San Fernando Latitud 1°13'39''N y Longitud 110°2'35''EOrientado con estrellaRelieve representado por sondas batimetricasIndica veriles, bajos y fondeaderosTabla de reducción de metros a brazas y piesNota sobre la fuerza de las mareasEn el margen superior derecho '680'.Sello en seco de la 'Dirección de Hidrografia
Benign vs malignant inferolateral early repolarization: Focus on the T wave.
Get PDFBACKGROUND
Inferolateral early repolarization (ER) is highly prevalent and is associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (VF).
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential role of T-wave parameters to differentiate between malignant and benign ER.
METHODS
We compared the ECGs of patients with ER and VF (n = 92) with control subjects with asymptomatic ER (n = 247). We assessed J-wave amplitude, QTc interval, T-wave/R-wave (T/R) ratio in leads II and V5, and presence of low-amplitude T waves (T-wave amplitude <0.1 mV and <10% of R-wave amplitude in lead I, II, or V4-V6).
RESULTS
Compared to controls, the VF group had longer QTc intervals (388 ms vs 377 ms, P = .001), higher J-wave amplitudes (0.23 mV vs 0.17 mV, P <.001), higher prevalence of low-amplitude T waves (29% vs 3%, P <.001), and lower T/R ratio (0.18 vs 0.30, P <.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that QTc interval (odds ratio [OR] per 10 ms: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI} 1.02-1.30), maximal J-wave amplitude (OR per 0.1 mV: 1.68, 95% CI 1.23-2.31), lower T/R ratio (OR per 0.1 unit: 0.62, 95% CI 0.47-0.81), presence of low-amplitude T waves (OR 3.53, 95% CI 1.26-9.88). and presence of J waves in the inferior leads (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.18-5.65) were associated with malignant ER.
CONCLUSION
Patients with malignant ER have a higher prevalence of low-amplitude T waves, lower T/R ratio (lead II or V5), and longer QTc interval. The combination of these parameters with J-wave amplitude and distribution of J waves may allow for improved identification of malignant ER
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