2,234 research outputs found
Variations in f(max) along the Ruptured Fault during the M-w 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake of 12 May 2008
No full textThe existence of f(max) has been perennially observed in various earthquakes. However, whether f(max) is caused by source processes (Papageorgiou and Aki, 1983) or site effects (Hanks, 1982) remains a controversial issue. With abundant near-fault strong ground-motion records, the Wenchuan earthquake provides an opportunity to validate the issue. By fitting the acceleration spectra of 10 seismic stations in the proximity of the fault on which the mainshock occurred, a set of f(max) values is obtained along the fault. The most notable feature of this set is its V-shaped distribution. The minimal f(max) value is recorded at the 051PXZ station near the epicenter, and f(max) increases as the distance deviates farther from the station. The maximal f(max) is recorded at the most northern station with respect to the epicenter. We estimate the cohesive zone size of the ruptured fault from the observed f(max) based on the source-cause model by Papageorgiou and Aki (1983). The sizes are remarkably consistent with the widths of the fault zone obtained from a totally independent study of the fault zone trapped waves (Li et al., 2009; Li et al., 2010). Therefore, the present study provides strong support to Papageorgiou and Aki's source-cause model for f(max). Moreover, the V-shaped nonuniform distribution of f(max) indicates a complicated rupture process of the Wenchuan earthquake, wherein the most energetic thrust faulting produces a thicker fault zone (approximately 400 m) around the epicenter, and an exhausted strike-slip faulting produces a thinner fault zone at the end portion of the fault (170-200 m).http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000304870500007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Geochemistry & GeophysicsSCI(E)EI3ARTICLE3991-99810
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Perspectives on Max Frisch
No full textMax Frisch, with his countryman Friederich Diirrenmatt, shares the place of eminence in contemporary Swiss literature. Indeed, he ranks high among the recent leading writers in the German language. But, although several of his works— novels and plays—have been translated into English, he remains little known in America. In this collection of essays an international group of scholars provides a fresh introduction to this noted author.
The three leading essays review Frisch\u27s work in the forms he has used most extensively—drama, narrative fiction, and the personal diary. The remaining nine essays focus on specific works or topics. Among the works examined are I\u27m Not Stiller, A Wilderness of Mirrors, Wilhelm Tell, and the recent Man in the Holocene. Among the topics are Frisch\u27s use of language and images, his treatment of women, and the element of parody. Concluding the volume is the most complete bibliography on Frisch to appear in English to date.
Gerhard F. Probst is professor of German at Transylvania University and is also on the faculty of the Technische Universitat (West Berlin).
Jay F. Bodine is assistant professor in the department of foreign languages and literatures at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale.
May be read with profit by the general public and by Frisch Scholars. —German Quarterlyhttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_german_literature/1003/thumbnail.jp
A Validated Framework for Measuring Interface Support for Interactive Information Seeking
No full textIn this paper we present the validation of an evaluation framework that models the support provided by search systems for different types of user and their expected types of seeking behavior. Factors determining the types of users include previous knowledge and goals. After an overview is presented, the framework is validated in two ways. First, the novel integration of the two existing information-seeking models used in the framework is validated by the correlation of multiple expert and novice analysis. Second, the framework is validated against the results produced by two separated user studies. Further, the refinements made by the first validation technique are shown to increase the accuracy of the framework through the second technique. The successful validation process has shown that the framework can identify both strong and weak areas of search interface design in only a few hours. The results produced can be used to either revise and strengthen designs or inform the structure of a user study
Heat-Related Deaths in Hot Cities: Estimates of Human Tolerance to High Temperature Thresholds
No full textabstract: In this study we characterized the relationship between temperature and mortality in central Arizona desert cities that have an extremely hot climate. Relationships between daily maximum apparent temperature (AT[subscript max]) and mortality for eight condition-specific causes and all-cause deaths were modeled for all residents and separately for males and females ages <65 and ≥65 during the months May–October for years 2000–2008. The most robust relationship was between ATmax on day of death and mortality from direct exposure to high environmental heat. For this condition-specific cause of death, the heat thresholds in all gender and age groups (AT[subscript max] = 90–97 °F; 32.2‒36.1 °C) were below local median seasonal temperatures in the study period (AT[subscript max] = 99.5 °F; 37.5 °C). Heat threshold was defined as AT[subscript max] at which the mortality ratio begins an exponential upward trend. Thresholds were identified in younger and older females for cardiac disease/stroke mortality (AT[subscript max] = 106 and 108 °F; 41.1 and 42.2 °C) with a one-day lag. Thresholds were also identified for mortality from respiratory diseases in older people (AT[subscript max] = 109 °F; 42.8 °C) and for all-cause mortality in females (AT[subscript max] = 107 °F; 41.7 °C) and males <65 years (AT[subscript max] = 102 °F; 38.9 °C). Heat-related mortality in a region that has already made some adaptations to predictable periods of extremely high temperatures suggests that more extensive and targeted heat-adaptation plans for climate change are needed in cities worldwide
Min-max control of fuel-cell-car-based smart energy systems
No full textRecently, the idea of using fuel cell vehicles as the future way of producing electricity has emerged. A fuel cell car has all the necessary devices on board to convert the chemical energy of hydrogen into electricity. This paper considers a scenario where a parking lot for fuel cell cars acts as a virtual power plant. In order to describe the system behavior from the energy point of view, a hybrid (mixed logical dynamical) model is constructed. With this model, a control system is designed to determine the production profile for both the fuel cell and battery of each car in the parking lot subject to minimizing the operational cost. In order to deal with both the uncertainty in the demand profile and the power balance constraint, a robust min-max model predictive control algorithm is developed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated in a numerical example.Accepted Author ManuscriptTeam Bart De Schutte
Numerical approaches for investigating quasiconvexity in the context of Morrey's conjecture
No full textDeciding whether a given function is quasiconvex is generally a difficult
task. Here, we discuss a number of numerical approaches that can be used in the
search for a counterexample to the quasiconvexity of a given function . We
will demonstrate these methods using the planar isotropic rank-one convex
function
where are the singular values of ,
as our main example. In a previous contribution, we have shown that
quasiconvexity of this function would imply quasiconvexity for all rank-one
convex isotropic planar energies
with an additive
volumetric-isochoric split of the form with a concave
volumetric part. This example is therefore of particular interest with regard
to Morrey's open question whether or not rank-one convexity implies
quasiconvexity in the planar case
Measurement of the D+/- production asymmetry in 7 TeV pp collisions
No full textThe asymmetry in the production cross-section \sigma of D+/- mesons, A_P = (\sigma(D+) - \sigma(D-))/(\sigma(D+) + \sigma(D-)), is measured in bins of pseudorapidity \eta and transverse momentum p_T within the acceptance of the LHCb detector. The result is obtained with a sample of D+ -> K_S pi+ decays corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^-1, collected in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. When integrated over the kinematic range 2.0 K_S pi+ decay is negligible. No significant dependence on \eta or p_T is observed
Calculation of the A=184 F-spin multiplet
No full textWave functions of sd interacting boson with definite F spin are constructed explicitly according to the group chain U(2N)superset of[U(N)superset of O(N)superset of O(3)]xSU(2). The model space is truncated with the restriction F = F-max and F = F-max-1. The model wave functions are used to calculate the energy levels, B(E2) values and B(M1) values for the F-spin multiplet W-184, Os-184, Pt-184, and Hg-184. It was found that the energy spectra can be reproduced quite well and the B(E2) and B(MI) values can be reproduced reasonably well. The F-spin configuration characteristics of the energy eigenfunctions are discussed. The truncation scheme is an efficient way to reduce the model space of IBA-2 and can be extensively employed to do practical calculations in the framework of IBA-2.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996UG97000033&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, NuclearSCI(E)1ARTICLE41684-16885
Interaction between Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea and Glycine max
No full textThe Glycine max (soybean): Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea (Pmg) pathosystem has served as a model for elucidating the mechansim of incompatibility in gene-for-gene interactions. This interaction was accurately and precisely investigated on the taproots of aeroponically-grown soybeans. An aeroponics system, developed for this investigation, provided facile access to the roots for direct application of inoculum, observations and measurements. Taproots were inoculated by submerging the root tip in a zoospore suspension.Disease symptoms first appeared as brown necrotic flecks (lesions) at the site of infection. Lesion development was influenced by the presence or absence of an effective Rps gene, the effective Rps gene present, the cultivar, temperature, time, age of plant at inoculation, inoculum concentration, and aggressiveness of the Pmg isolate. Soybean cultivars with and without effective Rps genes formed incompatible interactions. In the presence of an effective Rps gene, the interaction between soybean and Pmg was always incompatible, although there was variation in the magnitude of the interaction. In the absence of an effective Rps gene, the interaction between soybean and Pmg formed a continuum from an incompatible interaction characterized by a small necrotic fleck, to a compatible interaction characterized by an expanding lesion that extended from the root tip to the cotyledons.Linear spline models consisting of two intersecting straight lines with slopes B1 and B2 were used to describe lesion expansion over time on the taproots of seven soybean cultivars following a compatible interaction. Estimates of B1 among the cultivars did not differ significantly. Estimates of B2 did differ significantly and provided an accurate description of host resistance. Estimates of B1 did differ significantly among isolates of Pmg and provided an accurate description of pathogen aggressiveness.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:19:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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