11 research outputs found
The Relationship of Sweet Potato Germplasm Based on Morphological Characters
Get PDFInformation about the morphological and genetic characteristics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is important in the variety development program. This experiment aimed to determine the diversity and genetic relationship of sweet potato accessions from NTT based on morphological character data. The research was carried out at Kendalpayak Research Station, Malang, East Java from April - September 2019. The materials used were seventy-one sweet potato germplasm from the ILETRI collection (collected from NTT). Each accession was planted on a 1 m × 5 m plot size, with a spacing of 100 × 20 cm (single row). Fertilization was carried out using a dose of “100 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 + 200 kg KCl ha-1”. The observed characters were the vines length, growth type, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size, leaf bone color, leaf shape, leaf characteristics, lobes number, lobe shape, mature leaf color, shoot color, pigmentation of petiole, young stems pigmentation (dominant and secondary color), young leaves feathers, tuber skin color, tuber flesh color, weight of canopy, number of tubers perplot, weight of tubers perplot, number and weight of tubers perplot. Cluster analysis was carried out using the Minitab 17 program. There was morphological diversity in seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm from NTT. Principal component analysis resulted in seven main components with the proportion of diversity 76.3%. cluster analysis, seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm were divided into fifteen accession groups on the basis of 80% degree. Characteristics of shoot color, mature leaf color, leaf size, petiole pigmentation, and leaf bone color contributed greatly to the total diversity
The Relationship of Sweet Potato Germplasm Based on Morphological Characters
Get PDFInformation about the morphological and genetic characteristics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is important in the variety development program. This experiment aimed to determine the diversity and genetic relationship of sweet potato accessions from NTT based on morphological character data. The research was carried out at Kendalpayak Research Station, Malang, East Java from April - September 2019. The materials used were seventy-one sweet potato germplasm from the ILETRI collection (collected from NTT). Each accession was planted on a 1 m × 5 m plot size, with a spacing of 100 × 20 cm (single row). Fertilization was carried out using a dose of “100 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 + 200 kg KCl ha-1â€. The observed characters were the vines length, growth type, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size, leaf bone color, leaf shape, leaf characteristics, lobes number, lobe shape, mature leaf color, shoot color, pigmentation of petiole, young stems pigmentation (dominant and secondary color), young leaves feathers, tuber skin color, tuber flesh color, weight of canopy, number of tubers perplot, weight of tubers perplot, number and weight of tubers perplot. Cluster analysis was carried out using the Minitab 17 program. There was morphological diversity in seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm from NTT. Principal component analysis resulted in seven main components with the proportion of diversity 76.3%. cluster analysis, seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm were divided into fifteen accession groups on the basis of 80% degree. Characteristics of shoot color, mature leaf color, leaf size, petiole pigmentation, and leaf bone color contributed greatly to the total diversity
Keragaan Hasil dan Karakter Umbi Ubi Jalar Lokal Asal Dataran Rendah Provinsi Papua
No full textPapua merupakan salah satu daerah pusat keragaman ubi jalar di dunia. Budi daya ubi jalar di Papua tidak hanya di dataran tinggi tetapi juga di dataran rendah. Pada umumnya masyarakat Papua menanam ubi jalar dan dipanen bertahap sepanjang tahun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman hasil umbi dan mengarakterisasikarakter morfologi 39 aksesi lokal ubi jalar asal dataran rendah Papua di tiga lokasi berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di tiga lokasi secara bertahap dari tahun 2009 sampai 2011, yakni di Kecamatan Tumpang, Wajak, dan Sentani. Kecamatan Tumpang dan Wajak terletak di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur, sedangkan Kecamatan Sentani terletak di Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua.Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan, dan sebagai perlakuan digunakan 39 aksesi ubi jalar dan 1 varietas Papua Solossa sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aksesi-aksesi hasil eksplorasi mempunyai perbedaan hasil di tiga lokasi. Hasil umbi dan produksi bahan kering dari daerah Sentani lebih tinggi dibanding dengan lokasilainnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aksesi-aksesi tersebut bersifat lebih adaptif di lokasi Sentani. Sebelas aksesi berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di dataran rendah Papua dan potensial digunakan sebagai tetua persilangan dalam program pemuliaan ubi jalar unggul adaptif dataran rendah
Author Correction: A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways
No full text© 2018 The Author(s) In the version of this Article originally published, the affiliation for M. I. Arce was incorrect; it should have been:5Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany. This has now been corrected in the online versions of the Article
Pengaruh Invigorasi Terhadap Viabilitas Beniii Dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.)
No full textEffect of invigoration on seed viability and plant growth of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus I.)I aw vigour and viability of seed is the main factor causing the low productivity of crops. One of the methods of improving a deteriorating seed is in vigoratioo. The study was aimed at evaluating the effect of invigwation treatment on seed viability, plant growth and yield of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus). The experiment was conducted in two steps. The irst step was conducted in the laboratory of the Research Institute for Tobacco and Fibre Crops. Malang from Januai to April 1998 and the second step was conducted at Asembagus Expeimental Farm from Januai to May 1998. The experiment in the laboratory was designed as a completely randomized design while the field expeiment was done as a randomized block. The treatments were arranged factoially The irst factor was the seed vigour (growth uniformity) i.e. 40 or 60%, and the second factor was tnvigoration treatment, i.e control (untreated), water, sodium phosphate (2x10 M), sodium thiosulphatc ( 2 x 10 M), or tannic acid (2 x 10"* M). Results showed that invigoration treatments were not effective, when they were applied on the seed of 40% vigour. On the seed of 60% vigour, the invigoration improved seed vigor and viability. Treating the seed of 60% vigour with sodium phosphate (2x10 M) improved growth uniformity by 20% and potential viability by 7%, while applying the seed with sodium thiosulphnte decreased elcctroconductivity by 24.59 Mmhos/g compared to the control. Furthermore, treating seed of 60% vigour with sodium phosphite improved plant stand by 7 33%. increased plant height by 19 an. stem diameter bv 2 cm and fresh stem per plot (9at ) by 633 kg
Karakteristik dan Daya Hasil Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Ubijalar Asal Jatim
No full textIdentifikasi karakter morfologi dan daya hasil plasma nutfah ubijalar (Ipomoea batatas) dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi sumber gen yang berguna pada program pemuliaan untuk merakit varietas unggul baru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan daya hasil aksesi ubijalar yang berasal dari beberapa daerah di Jawa Timur. 31 Aksesi ubijalar koleksi Balitkabi asal Jawa Timur ditanam di IP2TP Jambegede Malang pada Juli-November 2019. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua ulangan. Karakter yang diamati adalah: tipe tanaman, bentuk daun, bentuk cuping, jumlah cuping, warna daun muda dan dewasa, pigmentasi batang, warna kulit dan daging umbi, bobot tajuk, jumlah dan bobot umbi per plot, indeks panen, dan hasil umbi. Klon-klon harapan ubijalar menunjukkan karakter morfologi yang cukup beragam. Sebagian besar memiliki tipe tanaman semi kompak, bentuk daun cuping dengan jumlah cuping satu sampai tujuh, warna daun dewasa hijau, warna pucuk hijau dengan ungu melingkari tepi daun, warna umbi bervariasi yaitu: putih, kuning, oranye, dan ungu. Terdapat 13 aksesi yang memiliki potensi hasil >30 t/ha, aksesi MLGI 1574 menunjukkan hasil umbi tertinggi (42,08 t/ha) sedangkan aksesi MLGI 1521 menunjukkan nilai terendah (5,37 t/ha)
Changes in invertebrate assemblage composition in benthic and hyporheic zones during a severe supraseasonal drought
Get PDFDroughts are unpredictable disturbances characterized in streams by declining flow, reduced habitat availability, and deteriorating abiotic conditions. Such events typically reduce benthic invertebrate taxon richness and modify assemblage composition, but little is known about how hyporheic invertebrate assemblages respond to drought or how these responses relate to changes in benthic assemblages. We hypothesized that taxon richness (diversity) and variability (as within-site diversity) in benthic assemblage composition would decline as drought proceeded, whereas concurrent changes in hyporheic assemblages would be lower in this more stable environment. We predicted that benthic assemblage composition between sites would converge as epigean taxa were selectively eliminated, whereas between-site hyporheic diversity would change little. We sampled benthic and hyporheic invertebrates concurrently from 4 sites along a groundwater-fed stream during the final stages of a severe supraseasonal drought punctuated by a record heat wave. Abiotic conditions in benthic habitats deteriorated as flow declined, but changes were less pronounced in the hyporheic zone. Benthic diversity declined during drought, whereas hyporheic diversity changed little. However, benthic within-site diversity increased as the drought progressed because of localized variation in the abundance of common taxa. Temporal trends in hyporheic diversity were less consistent. Benthic assemblages at individual sites became more similar, especially during the heat wave, reflecting low diversity and abundance. Hyporheic assemblages changed markedly because of temporary increases in abundances of epigean and hypogean amphipods. These contrasting responses of benthic and hyporheic assemblages to drought should be recognized when developing management strategies for drought-impacted streams
Genetic Parameters for Determining Useful Parents in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Breeding for Early Maturity, Small Seed Size, and High Seed Yield
No full textEarly maturity, small seed size, and high seed yield are important characters of mungbean in Indonesia. The objective of the study was to determine the useful parents in mungbean crosses for early maturity, small seed size, and high seed yield varieties by estimating the genetic parameters and their inheritance. The study was conducted at the ILETRI, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, during the dry season of 2014. 20 F1 and 5 parents were evaluated using a randomized block design, repeated three times. Results of the study showed that all observed traits showed the importance of both additive and dominance gene effects. The relative value of general combining ability (GCA) was greater than specific combining ability (SCA) for number of pod clusters per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, days to maturity, and 100-seed weight which indicated the importance of additive gene effect. The dominance gene effect occurred on number of pods and seed yield per plant. Among five parents, G3 was the best combiner for all the observed characters except pod length; therefore, G3 could be exploited for late maturity, small seed size, high number of branches and pod cluster, and high seed yield. G5 has a high GCA for 100-seed weight. G1 and G2 have good GCA for early maturity. G3 and G5 genotypes are useful as parents in mungbean breeding for small and large seed size varieties, respectively. The best combination for seed yield was G2 × G3 and G3 × G1 crosses and could be proceeded with selection for early maturity, small seed size, and high seed yield varieties
PERFORMANCE OF ACID-ADAPTIVE SOYBEAN EXPECTED LINES IN SOUTH LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
Get PDFAcid soil area is one of the areas broadly available in Indonesia. However, the complexity of acid soil may lead to low soybean productivity. Hence, soybean variety which is adaptive to acid soil is needed. The objective of this research was to find out expected lines adaptive to acid soil. A number of ten soybean lines and two check varieties were grown in Natar Research Station in dry season II, 2011. This research applied randomized completely block design with four replications. Results showed that 7 of 10 soybean lines had grain yield higher than those of two check varieties. The three lines with the highest grain yield were Tgm/Anj-957, Tgm/Anj-908 and Tgm/Anj-932 with grain yield 1.83, 1.74, and 1.65 t ha-,1 respectively. Tanggamus variety had grain yield higher than Wilis. The highest grain yield line, Tgm/Anj-957, was also supported by the highest number of pods per plant up to 68 pod. Line of Tgm/Anj-995 was the line with the largest seed size, i.e. 16 g per 100 seeds
A global analysis of terrestrial plant litter dynamics in non-perennial waterways
Get PDF[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Systèmes aquatiques soumis à des pressions multiplesInternational audiencePerennial rivers and streams make a disproportionate contribution to global carbon (C) cycling. However, the contribution of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which sometimes cease to flow and can dry completely, is largely ignored although they represent over half the global river network. Substantial amounts of terrestrial plant litter (TPL) accumulate in dry riverbeds and, upon rewetting, this material can undergo rapid microbial processing. We present the results of a global research collaboration that collected and analysed TPL from 212 dry riverbeds across major environmental gradients and climate zones. We assessed litter decomposability by quantifying the litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and oxygen (O2) consumption in standardized assays and estimated the potential short-term CO2 emissions during rewetting events. Aridity, cover of riparian vegetation, channel width and dry-phase duration explained most variability in the quantity and decomposability of plant litter in IRES. Our estimates indicate that a single pulse of CO2 emission upon litter rewetting contributes up to 10% of the daily CO2 emission from perennial rivers and stream, particularly in temperate climates. This indicates that the contributions of IRES should be included in global C-cycling assessments
