1,721,018 research outputs found
Dampak Pemupukan Nitrogen terhadap Hama Penggerek Batang dan Pelipat Daun Padi
Get PDFThe research aims to study the applications of nitrogen fertilizer on pestsstem borers and leaffolders rice. The study was conducted in the subdistrict Syamtalira Aron district North Aceh from November 2013 until April 2014.The research using randomized block design (RBD) with the nitrogen dose treatment is without fertilizer, 45 kg N/ha, 67.5 kg N/ha, 90 kg N/ha, 112.5 kg
N/ha, and 135 kg N/ha. Each treatment was repeated doses of nitrogen three times. Variables measured is the component intensity attacks of pests stem borers and leaffolders rice and components yield such as grain dry weight harvest, dry milled grain weight, and weight of 1000 seeds. The results showed that fertilization nitrogen of from dose 45 kg of N/ha to 135 kg N/ha
can increase the intensity attacks of pest stem borers and leaffolders rice. The granting of nitrogen with 112.5 kg N/ha to 135 kg N/ha can reduce the weight of dry grain harvest, dry milled grain weight, and grain weight of 1000 seeds
Kajian Kerentanan Beras Dari Padi Gogo Lokal Jambi Terhadap Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Get PDFPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan beras dari padi gogo lokal Kecamatan Tengah Ilir, Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi terhadap infestasi hama S. oryzae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beras dari varietas Tuo dan Seribu Naik tergolong dalam katagori moderat, sedangkan beras dari varietas Tapang Bedaro dan Cemplok tergolong dalam katagori moderat sampai rentan. Beras dari varietas Kuku Balam, Rias Besar, Rias Kecil, Korok, Bedaro, Nartih, dan Seni Bungin tergolong dalam kategori rentan terhadap infestasi hama S. oryzae. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif yang sangat nyata antara indeks kerentanan beras dengan panjang beras (r= 0,906**; P< 0,01) dan rasio beras (r= 0,771**; P< 0,01) serta terdapat korelasi negatif yang nyata dengan lebar beras (r= -0,630*; P< 0,05). Indeks kerentanan juga dipengaruhi oleh jumlah F1 S. oryzae (r= 0,922**; P< 0,01) dan korelasi negatif yang sangat nyata dengan median waktu perkembangan S. oryzae (r= -0,912**; P< 0,01). Dimensi beras seperti panjang beras (r= 0,898**; P< 0,01), rasio beras (r= 0,911**; P< 0,01), dan lebar beras (r= -0,816**; P< 0,01) juga mempengaruhi jumlah F1 S. oryzae yang muncul. Dimensi beras merupakan sumber kerentanan beras terhadap serangan hama S. oryzae
KAJIAN KERENTANAN DAN KERUSAKAN BERAS LOKAL PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN TERHADAP HAMA PASCAPANEN Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to evaluate the level of susceptibility and damage of rice from local in Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatera Province to S. oryzae. The experiments revealed that the local rice from Musi Rawas Regency has susceptibility category from moderate to susceptible to S. oryzae infestation. Siam and glutinous rice white are classified are classified as moderate category while rice Ratus, Dayang Rindu, Ambai, Pandak, and Seluang are categorized moderate to susceptible. The Glutinous rice black and Wao are categorized as susceptible to S. oryzae. The susceptibility of local rice in Musi Rawas was affected by the number of F1 S. oryzae (r = 0.966**, P < 0.01) and median development time (r = -0,883**, P < 0.01). The damage of rice affects the rice susceptibility to S. oryzae. The result of correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between susceptibility index and percentage of rice weight loss (r = 0.854**, P < 0,01), percentage of perforated rice (r = 0.955**, P < 0,01) and percentage of rice powder (r = 0.953**, P < 0.01). Rice classified as susceptible such as glutinous rice black and Wao cannot be stored for long periods due to high damage caused by S. oryzae pest during storage ric
Perbandingan Keanekaragaman Hymenoptera Parasitoid Pada Agroekosistem Kedelai Dengan Aplikasi Dan Tanpa Aplikasi Insektisida
No full textSistem pengelolaan tanaman kedelai dengan penggunaan insektisida sintetik yang intensif akan menurunkan keanekaragaman jenis Hymenoptera parasitoid. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memban-dingkan keanekaragaman Hymenoptera parasitoid pada agroekosistem kedelai dengan dan tanpa aplikasi insektisida sintetik. Pengumpulan data serangga menggunakan perangkap dari jaring serangga dan nampan kuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks keanekaragaman jenis pada fase pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif kedelai dengan aplikasi insektisida lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan yang tanpa aplikasi insektisida, yang keduanya tergolong sedang. Indeks kemerataan jenis pada fase pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif dari kedua agroekosistem kedelai tergolong tinggi. Indeks kekayaan jenis pada fase vegetatif dari agroekosistem kedelai dengan aplikasi insektisida tergolong rendah (0<2,3955≤2,5), sedangkan pada fase generatif tergolong sedang (0<3,6118≤4). Indeks kekayaan jenis pada fase vegetatif (0<2,6229≤4) dan generatif (0<3,8287≤4) dari agroekosistem kedelai tanpa aplikasi insektisida tergolong sedang. Komunitas Hymenoptera parasitoid pada agroekosistem kedelai tanpa aplikasi insektisida memiliki kemiripan lebih rendah daripada yang dengan aplikasi insektisida. Aplikasi insektisida mempengaruhi indeks kekayaan jenis pada fase generatif dan kemiripan komunitasnya, yaitu nilainya lebih rendah daripada yang tanpa insektisida
TOKSISITAS INSEKTISIDA NABATI DARI FAMILI ASTERACEAE, ANACARDIACEAE, DAN EUPHORBIACEAE TERHADAP Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Get PDFSitophilus oryzae merupakan hama utama pada berbagai jenis biji-bijian pangan seperti beras, gabah, gandum, dan jagung di penyimpanan. Pengendalian hama S. oryzae dengan insektisida sintetik banyak dilakukan secara fumigasi secara terus-menerus dapat mengakibatkan berbagai dampak negatif seperti toksisitas pada konsumen dan resistensi S. oryzae. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas insektisida nabati dari serbuk daun C. odorata, T. erecta, J. curcas, dan A. occidentale terhadap mortalitas S. oryzae. Konsentrasi serbuk daun C. odorata, T. erecta, J. curcas, dan A. occidentale yaitu 2,5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, dan 160 mg/g padi serta kontrol. Hubungan antara konsentrasi serbuk daun C. odorata, T. erecta, J. curcas, dan A. occidentale dan waktu kematian dari konsentrasi serbuk insektisida nabati terhadap kematian imago S. oryzae dianalisis dengan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Serbuk daun J. curcas memiliki sekitar 3,59 kali lebih beracun dibandingkan serbuk daun A. occidentale, 4,38 kali lebih beracun dibandingkan serbuk daun T. erecta, 8,04 kali lebih beracun dibandingkan serbuk daun C. odorata terhadap S. oryzae. Serbuk daun J. curcas menyebabkan waktu kematian S. oryzae paling cepat dibandingkan serbuk daun A. occidentale, T. erecta, dan C. odorata. Urutan toksisitas insektisida nabati terhadap imago S. oryzae yaitu J. curcas > A. occidentale > T. erecta > C. odorata
Aktivitas Insektisida Nabati terhadap Mortalitas dan Penghambatan Kemunculan Imago Sitophilus oryzae L.
Get PDFKajian penelitian laboratorium telah dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dari 18 jenis serbuk tanaman sebanyak 2 g/100 g gabah padi terhadap mortalitas dan penghambatan kemunculan imago S. oryzae. Jenis insektisida nabati yang efektif terhadap mortalitas dan penghambatan kemunculan imago S. oryzae adalah serbuk daun jarak dan serbuk kulit jeruk manis. Aktivitas insektisida nabati dari serbuk daun jarak dan serbuk kulit jeruk manis menyebabkan mortalitas sebesar 56,93% dan 55,09% dan penghambatan kemunculan imago S. oryzae sebesar 77,04% dan 77,16%
Pengaruh Kepadatan Populasi Sitophilus oryzae (L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Populasi dan Kerusakan Beras
Get PDFThe research aims to study the effect population density of S. oryzae against population growth and damage of rice. The population density of S. oryzae is 5, 10, 15, and 20 pairs of adult per 250 g rice. The results showed that population density S. oryzae affects pest population growth of S. oryzae, characteristics loses weight of rice, percentage powder of rice, and changes content moisture of rice. The population density S. oryzae as many as 20 pairs of adult per 250 g of rice can increase populations pest S. oryzae, characteristics loses weight of rice, percentage powder of rice, and content moisture of rice. The relationship between population density S. oryzae with a growing population, percentage loses weight, percentage rice hollow, percentage powder of rice, and changes content moisture of rice increased linearly. There is a positive correlation between population density S. oryzae with population growth S. oryzae (r = 0.997**; P < 0.01), the percentage loses weight (r = 0.987*; P < 0.05), the percentage of rice perforated (r = 0.998**; P < 0.01), the percentage powder of rice (r = 0.997**; P < 0.01), and changes content moisture of rice (r = 0.964**; P < 0.01)Keywords: Sitophilus oryzae, population density, population growth, damage ric
TOKSISITAS (LC50 dan LT50) JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. TERHADAP HAMA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura F.)
Get PDFToxicity of enthomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana to armyworm (Spodoptera litura) has been investigated in Pest Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. This research was aimed at determining lethal concentration (LC50) and lethal time (LT50) of B. bassiana suspensions against third instar larvae of armyworm. The fungi concentration used was in the range 0-6 % (w/v) or equal to 9,33 x 106 45,83 x 106 conidia/ml. The fungi suspension was applied to the larvae by dissolving the larvae into the suspension for 10 seconds. The number of the larvae died and the time required to kill the larvae were recorded everyday starting one day after application (DAA) until pupation. The relation between each observation to the fungi concentration was analyzed using probit analysis. The result showed that B. bassiana suspension caused the death of the larvae beginning 4 DAA with maximum eath on 10 DAA. The death of the larvae caused by the growth and the development of the fungi inside the larvae. The LC50 of the fungi suspension against the larvae was 3,57 % while the LT50 at 4, 5, and 6 % fungi concentration were 9,88; 8,13; and 6,8 days respectively
KERENTANAN DAN KERUSAKAN BERAS TERHADAP HAMA PASCAPANEN Sitophilus zeamais L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Get PDFDamage on rice during storage including damage on quantity and quality is caused by Sitophilus zeamais. The study aim was to evaluate the susceptibility and damage of rice from various rice varieties to the attacks of S. zeamais. Types of rice used in the research were varieties of IR64, IR65, IR66, Ciherang, Mekongga, Rojolele, and Sintanur. The method was with no-choice assay with observed variables were F1 progeny number, the median of development time and rice damage. The results showed that the rice type had different levels on susceptibility to S. zeamais. Rice from IR65, Mekongga, Rojolele, and Sintanur varieties were classified as moderate to susceptible varieties, while IR64 and IR66 were classified as moderate varieties and Ciherang was classified as susceptible variety. A high rice damage occured in the type of rice classified of susceptible to S. zeamais. There was a significant negative correlation between susceptibility index of rice with dimensions of rice width (r = -0.75*, P <0.05) and median of development time of S. zeamais (r = -0.78*, P <0.05) and positive correlation with number of F1 S. zeamais (r = 0.86**, P <0.01) and the percentage of rice powder (r = 0.71**, P <0.01). Rice that is easily attacked by postharvest pest insects should not be stored for long period of time.</p
Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun Lantana camara L. terhadap Hama Plutella xylostella L.
Get PDFToxicity n-hexane leaf extract Lantana camara and its active fractions were evaluated for their insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella larvae. The method included sample extraction, fractionation, and toxicity examination of leaf extract L. camara and its active fractions against P. xylostella larvae. The extracts were applied by residue method. Fractionation of active compounds from extract nhexane was conducted by a vacuum liquid chromatography by using a stationary phase of silicate gel GF254 and mobile phase of n-hexane, etil acetate, and methanol which produced five fractions, that is fractions A, B, C, D, and E. Leaf extract of L. camara and its fractions possessed an insecticidal activity causing mortality to P. xylostella larvae. The results showed that LC50 of crude extract at 3 and 4 day after applications was 0.936 and 0.651%, while LC50 of fractions A = 0.386 and 0.178%; fractions C = 0.327 and 0.132; fractions D = 0.617 and 0,318%; fractions E = 0.622 and 0.244%
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