575 research outputs found
Criminal anthropology of mariticide in Russia. Foreword to the article by P.N. Tarnovskaya “Female criminality in connection with early marriages”
No full textObjective: to provide a general overview of the content of P.N. Tarnovskaya’s article “Female criminality in connection with early marriages”, to determine its place in its author’s heritage and its scientific value for modern criminology.Methods: the general scientific method of dialectical cognition, comparison, as well as the formal logical method (deduction, induction, definition and division of concepts).Results: having analyzed the content of P.N. Tarnovskaya’s article, the author determined its significance as the initial stage of forming her anthropological concept in the study of female murderers. The author specified the sections of P.N. Tarnovskaya’s monograph “Women-murderers” (1902), which use the results of the research described in the article under study. The author refuted the opinion, previously prevailing in Russian criminology, that anthropological research by P.N. Tarnovskaya was supposed to use biological means to prevent crime. On the contrary, in this work Tarnovskaya recommended changing the social environment to curb female criminality (mariticide), namely, abandoning the widespread early marriages of adolescent women before the end of puberty.Scientific novelty: for the first time, the author gives a criminological assessment of P.N. Tarnovskaya’s article “Female criminality in connection with early marriages” and indicates its links with her subsequent works.Practical significance: the results obtained make it possible to change the perception of research by P.N. Tarnovskaya’s as one of the founders of world criminological science. In her concept of crime prevention, the impact on general social factors on female criminality was considered fundamental for the prevention of women’s deviant behavior
First observation of Bs → J/ψf0(980) decays
No full textUsing data collected with the LHCb detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, the hadronic decay is observed. This CP eigenstate mode could be used to measure mixing-induced CP violation in the system. Using a fit to the π+π− mass spectrum with interfering resonances gives . In the interval ±90 MeV around 980 MeV, corresponding to approximately two full f0 widths we also find , where in both cases the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B0 -> J/ψ KS0 decays
No full textThis Letter reports a measurement of the CP violation observables SJ/ψK0S and CJ/ψK0S in the decay channel B0→J/ψK0S performed with 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. The fit to the data yields SJ/ψK0S=0.73±0.07(stat)±0.04(syst) and CJ/ψK0S=0.03±0.09(stat)±0.01(syst). Both values are consistent with the current world averages and within
expectations from the Standard Model
Measurement of the D+/- production asymmetry in 7 TeV pp collisions
No full textThe asymmetry in the production cross-section \sigma of D+/- mesons, A_P = (\sigma(D+) - \sigma(D-))/(\sigma(D+) + \sigma(D-)), is measured in bins of pseudorapidity \eta and transverse momentum p_T within the acceptance of the LHCb detector. The result is obtained with a sample of D+ -> K_S pi+ decays corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^-1, collected in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. When integrated over the kinematic range 2.0 K_S pi+ decay is negligible. No significant dependence on \eta or p_T is observed
Relation Between the Plant Size and Occurrence of Fasciated Flower Stalk in Japanese Ever-Season Radish
No full text1.本試驗自民國五十三年一月一日開始至五十四年六月底止結東,自五十三年一月一日至十二月一日每月初播種一次,共分十二次播種,試驗地點在海拔2250公尺,年平均溫度12.5。C之福壽山農場進行。
2.在年平均溫度12.5。C之福壽山農塲,十月一日至十二月一日,一月一日至三月一日播種者,苗體發育不大,平均直徑最小2.6分,最大6.76公分,至抽苔季節,花序正常,分枝整齊,結籽良好。
3.自四月一日至九月一日播種者,苗體直徑平均在7.5公分以上,雖能抽苔,花序呰成畸形,畸形花序之頂端,略現花朶,均花而不實,無種孒可收。
4.花序正常之植株,單株種孒收量,以早播者較晚播者為多,種子形粒大小,亦以早播者較晚播者大。
5.在年平均溫18。C以上之地區,歷年試驗,不論大苗,小苗,均難抽苔開花。
1. In this experiment the author studied the relation between the Plant sue and occurrence of fasciated flower sta1k in connection With the seed production of Jpanese ever-season radish.
2. As the seed production of Japanese ever-season radish was
impossible in the area Where the annual mean temperature exceeds 18。C, the experiment was carried out at the Fu Show-Shan Farm ( 2,250 meter altitude, annual mean temperature 12.5。 C ), Taichung
prefecture during the period of January 1964 to June 1965. The radish seeds were sown on the first day of each month in 1964. The plants which were sown in January, February, and March bolted and flowered in the same year, others bolted and flowered in the next year.
3. It is note worthy that the occurrence of fasciated flower stalk were closely related with plant size, other words, the plants which were sown from April to September had large plant size at flowering season, and all of these plants bolted fasciated flower stalks. No seed was obtained from these plants. On the other hand the plants which were sown in January' February' March, October November, and December bolted flowered, and produced seeds normally in spite Of they were small in plant Size. The author also observed that early seeding resulted in higher production of seeds
Managing the Physical Environment in Libraries: a Service Encountor Approach
No full text實體環境對顧客的行為和顧客滿意的影響，已經廣為服務管理者所重視。本文旨在介紹實體環境對顧客和員工行為的影響，探討實體證據，或稱之為服務基架，對外部行銷目標和內部組織目標的達成可以產生的助益。最後檢視服務業的研究成果，提出服務基架在圖書館管理和研究上的意涵。The impact of service providers' physical evidence (environments) on customer behavior and satisfaction has recently gained the attention of some services marketers. The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of physical evidence on the behaviors of both customers and employees, and to illustrate the ability of the physical evidence, particularly the servicescape, to facilitate achievement of organizational as well as marketing goals. By reviewing the researches conducted in service industries, the author highlights key managerial and research implications
Measurement of the effective B0s→K+K− lifetime
No full textA measurement of the effective lifetime is presented using approximately 37 pb−1 of data collected by LHCb during 2010. This quantity can be used to put constraints on contributions from processes beyond the Standard Model in the meson system and is determined by two complementary approaches as
τKK=1.440±0.096 (stat)±0.008 (syst)±0.003 (model) ps
Measurement of the B0–B0 oscillation frequency Δmd with the decays B0→D−π+ and B0→ J/ψK∗0
No full textThe B
0
–B
0
oscillation frequency Δmd is measured by the LHCb experiment using a dataset corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1
of proton–proton collisions at √
s = 7 TeV, and is found to be
Δmd
=0.5156±0.0051 (stat.)±0.0033 (syst.) ps−1
. The measurement is based on results from analyses
of the decays B
0
→ D
−π
+ (D
−
→ K
+π
−π
−) and B
0
→ J/ψK
∗0
(J/ψ →μ
+μ
−,K
∗0
→ K
+π
−) and
their charge conjugated modes
Measurement of the inclusive φ cross-section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV
No full textThe cross-section for inclusive φ meson production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV has been measured with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The differential cross-section is measured as a function of the φ transverse momentum pT and rapidity y in the region 0.6< pT <5.0 GeV/c and 2.44< y <4.06. The cross-section for inclusive φ production in this kinematic range is σ(pp→φX)=1758±19(stat) +43−14(syst)±182(scale) μb, where the first systematic uncertainty depends on the pT and y region and the second is related to the overall scale. Predictions based on the Pythia 6.4 generator underestimate the cross-section
Water and chemical budgets of gravel pit lakes: Case studies of fluvial gravel pit lakes along the Meuse River (The Netherlands) and coastal gravel pit lakes along the Adriatic Sea (Ravenna, Italy)
No full textGravel pit lakes form when gravel is excavated from below the water table of a phreatic or shallow confined aquifer. Typically many of these lakes are concentrated along naturally occurring sedimentary gravel deposits in areas where gravel is needed for construction. Most gravel pit lakes are relatively young features: most are less than 50 years old. The subject of this PhD thesis is to determine how gravel pit lakes change the hydrology and hydrochemistry of an aquifer, a watershed or a drainage basin. Hereto I studied gravel pit lakes in a fluvial freshwater setting of the Meuse Valley (the Netherlands) and gravel pit lakes excavated in ancient beach deposits, filled with brackish water along in the Adriatic coastal zone near Ravenna (Italy). One of the Dutch lakes is used for artificial recharge and drinking water production (DLV Lake) while some other gravel pit lakes are used for recreational purposes (swimming, sailing, scuba diving). The surface water of the lakes and other surface waters (wetlands, rivers) as well as groundwater up and downstream of the lakes was sampled and analyzed for major ion chemistry, trace elements and stable water isotopes. Chemical and water budgets were calculated. The excavation of many gravel pit lakes adds a large surface water area to a watershed. In the Dutch study site 71 lakes between the towns of Maastricht and Asselt add 20 km2 of surface water which is 0.26 % percent of the Dutch part of the Meuse watershed. In the Italian drainage basin thirteen lakes with a total surface of 684 hectares cover 6.6% % of the drainage basin. This increase causes a loss of freshwater since surface water evaporation rates in temperate and Mediterranean climates are usually higher than evapotranspiration rates of the pre-existing grassland and forest. The drainage pattern of a watershed changes in presence of gravel pit lakes causing fluctuations of the water table over a large area. In a low lying coastal zone, as the Italian study area, these fluctuations and the fact that the lakes form a constant head surface below sea level enhance salt water intrusion into the aquifer. Gravel pit lakes can be flow-through lakes where groundwater moves through the lake downstream towards a river or other draining feature (for instance a well field) or, alternatively, they may be in direct connection with a river. The gravel pit lakes that I studied in detail have in common that the water budget of the lakes is strongly determined by artificial drainage. In the Dutch DLV Lake, the artificial drainage is caused by pumping wells that extract water for drinking water production downstream of the lake. In the Italian case, the artificial drainage is induced by the land reclamation works that protect the low-lying land from flooding. Watersheds with multiple gravel pit lakes are more sensitive to changes in climate than watersheds without gravel pit lakes because surface water evaporation rates are more sensitive to changes in climate than evapotranspiration. Especially in groundwater fed gravel pit lakes, evaporated water is replaced by groundwater. Instead evapotranspiration of soil moisture in a watershed without gravel pit lakes, can increase only to certain extend as soil moisture is only fed by precipitation and not by groundwater flow. Water budget and conservative tracer modeling showed that because artificial drainage plays such a large role that changes in pumping rates needed to prevent flooding due to higher sea levels (The Italian study site) will affect evapo-concentration more than changes in surface water evaporation caused by climate change. Precipitation on the Italian gravel pit lakes is immediately mixed with brackish gravel pit lake water and can no longer recharge the fresh-brackish rainwater lenses in the upper part of the aquifer. Both the Dutch and the Italian gravel pit lake water has a high alkalinity, a high pH, and metal and trace element concentrations that differ from the groundwater in their respective watersheds. Differences do exist among the specific trace element concentrations, and their budgets in the lakes and the respective watersheds. This stems from the influence of sea water in the Italian case study and the specific soil chemistry of both settings. As and Ba, for example, show up in high concentrations in groundwater and gravel pit lake water in Italy but not in the Netherlands, where Ni, Zn and Al are more important. Differences in chemistry (Fe, SO4, HCO3, Ni etc. and pH) between gravel pit lake water and groundwater and variations along flow lines show that redox reactions in the soil near the gravel pit lakes occurred in both study sites. These reactions, enhanced by fluctuating water tables and/or denitrification of fertilized soils, have mobilized metals including Fe, Zn, and Ni and other elements such as Al and As. In part, these elements have been adsorbed again by the soil, as is the case for As in the Dutch site, in part they reach the gravel pit lakes where they precipitate on the lake bottom (for example, Fe, Zn, Ni, Al) and some elements remain (partly) in solution in the gravel pit lake water (e.g. As in the Italian lakes). The gravel pit lakes are strongly influenced by the land use and climate of their watershed. If circumstances change that would lead to less available oxygen either as DO or in NO3 or that would lead to a lower pH of the lake water, then the reactions that initially caused the deposition of the metals and trace elements on the lake bottom may be reversed. Metals and trace elements could go again into solution, possibly creating a toxic environment for plants, animals, and humans. These changes may be brought about by a change in land use, for example a reduction in the use of fertilizers, or a change in climate (less recharge of the aquifer), or slow leaching processes such as decalcification of the soil. On the other hand, an increasing eutrophication and primary production stimulated by high temperatures or less lake water circulation, would cause an increase in organic and fine grained material deposition to the lake bottom, which would help to fix the metals and trace elements in the lake bottom sediments. The rate of these processes may change over time since gravel pit lakes have formed only recently while land use and climate change play a role in their current and future evolution. The fixation of metals, C, nutrients and other elements in gravel pit lakes changes also the hydrochemistry of the estuary downstream of the lakes by preventing discharge of dissolved chemical elements into rivers and the sea. In order to assess and evaluate a watershed with gravel pit lakes for its safe use, it is necessary to monitor not only the lake water but also the groundwater, the water budget and the evolution of hydrochemical processes as climate and land use change.Department of Geoscience and EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
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