5,143 research outputs found
[Letter from Jacob I. Rodriguez and Gus C. Garcia to Frank A. Shannon - November 4, 1949]
No full textLetter from Jacob I. Rodriguez and Gus C. Garcia from LULAC replying to the editorial article written by Mary Lee Shannon and printed in the Wharton Spectator on October 14, 1949. Rodriguez and Garcia refute the conception of the "Mexican problem" stated in the letter. They state many misconceptions about the Mexican minorities, and the injustice done to them
Cryptodacus bernardoi Rodriguez & Rodriguez, new species
No full textCryptodacus bernardoi Rodriguez & Rodriguez, new species Figs. 1, 2, 5 –8, 14, 15, 19, 22, 23, 28 –31, 38– 42 Diagnosis. Modified couplets to the latter are provided to include C. bernardoi. It differs from all other species of Cryptodacus in the strongly sinuous shapes of the apical section of vein R 4 + 5 and crossvein dm-m. It differs from all other species except C. obliquus Hendel in lacking brown markings on the face; from all other species except C. trinotatus by the form of the sublateral postsutural vitta on the scutum, which is almost complete, but interrupted anterior to the intra-alar seta; and from other species except C. tau (Foote) by the entirely yellow abdominal syntergite 1 + 2 (Figs. 22, 23). Other useful diagnostic characters include: gena (Figs. 5, 6,) entirely yellow; posterior side of head yellow except lateral occipital sclerite with elongate brown spot; scutellum with base brown, brown area extended to basal scutellar seta; wing (Fig. 19) cell dm with basal and apical hyaline areas, discal band covering posterior part of crossvein dm-m, middle of dm-m without brown border; abdominal tergites 3–4 with broad brown bands, that on tergite 5 sometimes narrowly divided into 3 parts; oviscape yellow (Figs. 1, 20); aculeus tip with large serrations (Figs. 28–30). Description. Length 4.8 –5.0 mm. Mesonotum length 1.5–1.7 mm. Wing length 3.2–3.5 mm, width 1.3–1.5 mm, length/width ratio: 2.3. Measurements made on holotype female and one paratype male. Head (Figs. 5–8): Mostly pale yellow. Ocellar tubercle brown. Orbital plate with irregular brown stripe. Frons with pair of large dark brown spots aligned with and including base of middle frontal seta. 3 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, well separated, distance between them 2.3–2.6 times distance from anterior seta to eye margin. Ocellar setae weak, 1.5 –2.0 times length of ocellar tubercle. Lunule entirely dark brown. Face entirely pale yellow, without brown spots; ventral margin strongly arched; gena and postgena entirely pale yellow. Posterior side of head entirely pale yellow except lateral occipital sclerite with elongate brown spot. Clypeus, prementum and palpus entirely yellow. Antenna with scape and pedicel yellow, first flagellomere dark yellow except moderate brown on apex, elongate, 4.5 –5.0 times as long as wide, apex flattened, in lateral view rounded. Arista short pubescent on distal half. Thorax (Figs. 14, 15): Mostly dark brown to black, with following whitish markings: postpronotal lobe and presutural lateral margin of scutum, connected to band on transverse suture; band on transverse suture (interrupted medially), extended across posterior part of notopleuron and posterior margin of anepisternum, almost reaching katepisternum; elongate spot on dorsal margin of katepisternum, not extending to katepisternal seta; single medial and paired sublateral postsutural vittae on scutum, medial vitta short, extended anteriorly almost to level of transverse suture, and posteriorly to midway between levels of acrostichal and dorsocentral setae, lateral vitta connected to band on transverse suture, extending almost to level of postalar seta but not reaching intra-alar seta; rectangular area posterior and lateral to intra-alar seta; and scutellum except base, brown part extending to and including base of basal scutellar seta. Scutum entirely microtrichose. Chaetotaxy normal for genus, postpronotal, 2 notopleural, 1 anepisternal, anepimeral, katepisternal, postsutural supra-alar, intra-alar, postalar, dorsocentral, acrostichal, and 2 scutellar setae well developed. Presutural supra-alar seta relatively small, half to two-thirds size of postsutural supra-alar seta. Dorsocentral seta aligned one-half to two-thirds distance from postsutural supra-alar seta to postalar seta. Legs mostly pale yellow, mid and hind coxae with small lateral brown areas, fore and mid tibiae pale brown, hind tibia dark brown, all tarsi pale brown. Wing (Fig. 19): With 4 bands: subbasal band, entirely brown, extended from cells bc and c to midlength of vein CuA+CuP, covering base of cell br, all of cells bm and bcu, and base of cell m 4 (except bordering fold); discal band, connected to subbasal band in cell c, curved posteriorly and extended to posterior wing margin distally in cell m 4, covering cell r 1 posterior to pterostigma, base of cell r 2 + 3, apex of cell br, crossvein r-m and posterior half of crossvein dm-m, dark brown anteriorly, from cell r 1 to middle of cell dm orange medially with broad, dark brown margins, posterior quarter paler brown; narrow, brown subapical band from distal part of cell r 1 to anterior end of crossvein dm-m, faint in cells r 1 and r 2 + 3; and narrow faint brown anterior apical band from distal part of cell r 2 + 3 to apex of vein M 1. Vein M 4 very narrowly bordered by brown between subbasal and discal bands. Cell dm with anterior apical corner hyaline. Crossvein r-m at 0.71 distance from bm-m to dm-m, entirely covered by dark brown distal margin of discal band. Crossvein dm-m and apical section of vein R 4 + 5 sinuous. Abdomen (female, Figs. 1, 22, male, Figs. 2, 23): Predominantly yellow, including all of syntergite 1 + 2. Tergite 3 with broad dark brown band. Tergite 4 and female tergite 5 with broad dark brown band or series of narrowly separated rectangular marks. Male tergite 5 laterally with paired ovoid brown marks, longer than wide, and medially with much smaller, inverted U-shaped brown mark or pair of brown spots. Female tergite 6 laterally with paired rectangular brown mark, medially usually with two small brown spots. Tergites with sparse black setulae. Female terminalia (Figs. 22, 28– 31): oviscape pale yellow, 0.89–0.92 mm long (n= 2). Aculeus (Fig. 28) 0.60 mm long, tip (Figs. 29, 30) 0.10 mm long, with apical 0.04 mm triangular and serrate, 0.05 mm wide, with 6–9 teeth on each side. Two spermathecae (Fig. 31) subcylindrical, with helical surface texture and elongate base. Male terminalia (Figs. 38–42): epandrium in lateral view wider than long, dorsally dark brown with black setulae, ventrally pale brown. Lateral surstylus in lateral view 3.5 times longer than wide, with glabrous, slightly curved elongated acute apex and distinct anteromedial lobe. Medial surstylus elongate two-thirds as long as lateral surstylus. Proctiger ovoid, entirely membranous, with sparse minute brown setulae. Distiphallus (Figs. 39, 41) moderately long and slender in ventral and lateral views, apex of internal tube bilobed. Type data. Holotype ♀ (IAvH), COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Anolaima, Vereda Santo Domingo, finca Villa Mariana [4.80171 °N 74.47542 °W], 1532 m, multilure trap, 3 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, A. L. Norrbom. Paratypes: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Anolaima, Vereda Santo Domingo, finca Villa Mariana, 1532 m, multilure trap, 3 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, A. L. Norrbom, 1 ♂ (USNM); same locality, multilure trap, 21 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, 2 ♀ (ICAMF 00000044); same, multilure trap, 28 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, 2 ♀ (FSCA); same locality, reared from fruits of Phoradendron sp. near piperoides (Kunth) Trel., collected 13 Sep 2015, emerged 1 Oct 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (USNM). Guaduas, Vereda el Raisal, predio el Cajón km 39 vía Bogotá-Guaduas [5 º07’09”N 74 º 57 ’02”W], 1421 m, McPhail trap 18, 22 Aug 2014, E. Quiroga, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ICAMF 00000045). Distribution. Cryptodacus bernardoi is known only from Colombia in Cundinamarca department in the municipios of Anolaima and Guaduas at middle altitudes on the west side of the eastern cordillera. Host plant. Three of the paratypes were reared from tiny fruits of Phoradendron sp. near piperoides (Kunth) Trel. (Figs. 43, 44), which was found parasitizing the upper part of a Psidium guajava L. shrub. This host plant is locally known by the common names “muérdago”, “matapalo”, “injerto” and “pajarito”. Phoradendron is variously classified in the Santalaceae or Viscaceae. The only previous host data for Cryptodacus was the single record of C. silvai Lima from fruit of “herva de passarinho” (Loranthus sp.) from southern Brazil (Lima 1947). The Loranthaceae, Santalaceae (and Viscaceae, when recognized as distinct from Santalaceae) belong to the order Santalales, many of which are parasitic plants. Etymology. This species is named for José Bernardo Rodríguez, father of the senior author. Comments. This species runs with difficulty in the keys of Norrbom (1994) and Norrbom & Korytkowski (2008). C. bernardoi may be most closely related to C. lopezi Norrbom, which has a similar aculeus, or it may belong to a clade along with that species and C. tau and trinotatus. The abdominal pattern is intermediate between those species, which have a distinct medial brown vitta or pair of vittae bordered by white or yellow sublateral areas on at least tergite 5 and female tergite 6, and the predominantly brown pattern in other species. In C. bernardoi the bands on tergites 4–5 in the male and 5–6 in the female may be interrupted. These four species also have the head mostly or entirely yellow posteriorly. The males were described only for C. bernardoi, C. obliquus, C. parkeri and C. tau.Published as part of Rodriguez, Pedro Alexander, Rodriguez, Erick J., Norrbom, Allen L. & Arévalo, Emilio, 2016, A new species and new records of Cryptodacus (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Colombia, Bolivia and Peru, pp. 276-290 in Zootaxa 4111 (3) on pages 277-279, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/26487
Supplemental Material - Association between gamma glutamyl transpeptidase to HDL-Cholesterol (GGT/HDL-C) ratio and metabolic syndrome resolution after sleeve gastrectomy
No full textSupplemental Material for Association between gamma glutamyl transpeptidase to HDL-Cholesterol (GGT/HDL-C) ratio and metabolic syndrome resolution after sleeve gastrectomy by Melanni L. Lizarbe-Lezama1, Jhoel E. Rodriguez-Macedo, Daniel Fernandez-Guzman, Ana L. Alcantara-Diaz, Gustavo Salinas-Sedo, and Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo in Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research.</p
Análisis térmico de la extracción de Li desde alfa-espodumeno con NH4HF2
No full textEste trabajo plantea el análisis térmico del proceso de fluoración de α-espodumeno (α-LiAlSi2O6) con bifluoruro de amonio (NH4HF2), para la obtención de mezclas de LiF y AlF3. El comportamiento térmico de la mezcla α-LiAlSi2O6/NH4HF2 se analizó mediante termogravimetría (TG) y análisis térmico diferencial (DTA). Los reactivos y productos se caracterizaron por fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), difracción de rayos X (DRX), microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y fotometría de llama (FAES). Los resultados indican que la reacción comienza a los 78°C y se completa a los 133°C, generando LiF, (NH4)3SiF6·F, (NH4)3AlF6, NH3(g) y H2O como productos. A temperaturas superiores a 150°C, se elimina el exceso NH4HF2 y se descompone (NH4)3SiF6·F en (NH4)2SiF6. Luego, entre 190 y 215°C, (NH4)2SiF6 y (NH4)3AlF6 comienzan a sublimar y a descomponerse, para dar (NH4)2SiF6(g) y NH4AlF4, respectivamente. Finalmente, a los 300°C se obtienen como productos principales LiF y AlF3.Fil: Resentera Beiza, Alexander Cristian Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Rosales, Gustavo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Esquivel, Marcelo Ricardo Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología - Nodo Bariloche | Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología - Nodo Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Mario Humberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaX Encuentro de Investigadores y Docentes de IngenieríaSan RafaelArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoUniversidad Tecnológica NacionalUniversidad de MendozaUniversidad Juan Agustín MazaUniversidad del Aconcagu
Supp_Material_for_Cordeiro_et_al – Supplemental material for First Nonphosphorylated Inhibitors of Phosphoglucose Isomerase Identified by Chemical Library Screening
No full textSupplemental material, Supp_Material_for_Cordeiro_et_al for First Nonphosphorylated Inhibitors of Phosphoglucose Isomerase Identified by Chemical Library Screening by Sabrina G. R. Mota, Gustavo F. Mercaldi, José G. C. Pereira, Paulo S. L. Oliveira, Ana Rodriguez and Artur T. Cordeiro in SLAS Discovery</p
Análisis multivariado de la extracción de litio desde alfa espodumeno mediante fluoración con KF
No full textEl litio es un metal que se ha convertido en un metal estratégico de acuerdo a sus aplicaciones industriales actuales, que van desde la medicina hasta su utilización en la fabricación de baterías recargables en la industria automotriz. En particular, ha sido durante los últimos diez años cuando la industria mundial del litio experimentó un considerable cambio, duplicándose la demanda mundial.Existen pocos minerales comercialmente útiles para la producción de litio. La principal fuente es el mineral espodumeno, el cual generalmente se encuentra mezclado con cuarzo, feldespatos y micas, con un contenido teórico de Li2O del 8,03% [1,2]. Todos los procesos de producción de compuestos de litio a partir del mineral en su fase α, utilizan condiciones enérgicas de trabajo, tanto en las temperaturas como en los agentes extractivos utilizados. El espodumeno debe ser calcinado a 1050ºC durante dos horas para convertirlo a su fase β, y luego poder lixiviarlo con H2SO4 concentrado a 250ºC. Asimismo, todos los procesos extractivos presentan un gran número de etapas de separación para obtener los compuestos deseados, esto conlleva a un gran gasto energético, económico y con un fuerte impacto ambiental[1, 3-4].En este trabajo se estudió la extracción de litio desde α-espodumeno mediante fluoración con KF a distintas temperaturas. Los parámetros operativos investigados fueron: temperatura, tiempo de calcinación y cantidad de agente fluorante. El efecto de los parámetros del proceso en la eficiencia de la extracción de litio fue estudiado mediante redes neuronales artificiales. Los resultados indicaron que los tres parámetros estudiados tuvieron un efecto positivo en la extracción de litio. El valor óptimo de extracción de Li alcanzado fue del 92% trabajando con una muestra calcinada a 779°C, durante un tiempo de 43 min y con 2,78 mol de KF.Fil: Rosales, Gustavo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Resentera, Alexander. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Pinna, Eliana Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Esquivel, Marcelo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Mario Humberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; Argentina1° Encuentro Nacional sobre Litio: “Hacia una política para el desarrollo integral”MendozaArgentinaConsejo Interuniversitario Nacional. Foro Interuniversitario de Especialista
Spontaneous formation and degradation of pool-riffle morphology and sediment sorting using a simple fractional transport model
No full textMany gravel bed streams have a typical bed morphology consisting of pool-riffle sequences, which provides important habitat diversity both in terms of flow and substrate. A complete explanation of pool-riffle genesis and self-maintenance remains elusive and, despite advances in understanding the effects of flow spatial and temporal variability, the key sediment processes have been only marginally explored. Here we use a 1D unsteady multi-fraction morphodynamic model to explain the formation and degradation of pool-riffle sequences. Using a 1-year time series of measured flows below bankfull on a stream in which we have removed initial bedforms and sediment sorting our model spontaneously generates pools with finer substrate at narrow sections and riffles with coarser sediment at wider sections, closely resembling the natural bed morphology. Additional experiments show that under our modelling assumptions a variable flow regime is fundamental for development and self-maintenance of the longitudinal grain sorting characteristic of pool-riffle sequences, which could not be obtained or maintained with discharges held constant over relatively long periods
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Are There Cost Differences in the Argentinean Pension Fund Industry? An Efficiency Frontier Analysis
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to study the existence of differences in costs between pension fund administrators (PFAs) through the estimation of an econometric cost frontier for Argentina. Like in other eleven Latin American, and some other Central Asian and Eastern Europe countries, the social security has been privatized, and the individual accounts of defined contribution plans are managed by PFAs. The issue is relevant because of its potential regulatory implications. Cost savings (efficiency gains) could be passed-through to contributors, increasing their pension funds (that is, their pensions at retirement). The concept is applied to utilities’ regulation in countries where price-caps are applied, and an X-factor is set by the regulator to distribute the efficiency gains, but it is not the practice in privatized social security systems. In Argentina a price-cap has been introduced in pension funds markets since a 2007 reform. Though it allows the regulator to modify that cap, in doing that no provision was established for a technically acceptable methodology. We show that the use of efficiency frontiers could fill the gap, because it provides a technical tool to help in that key resource allocation decision. From the empirical work, it is found that there are important differences in efficiency among PFAs. This gives some clues to the regulator for implementing sector policies.pension fund; Efficiency Frontier Analysis
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