1,720,974 research outputs found
Nipah ou Gebang? Une étude philologique et codicologique sur les sources de Java Ouest
No full textInternational audienceThis article takes up the question of writing supports, the physical media on which texts were recorded on the island of Java before paper and printing were introduced, with special focus on the western region and the Old Sundanese tradition. In the past, two types of indigenous writing materials prepared from the leaves of palm trees were identified, one known among scholars in the Dutch tradition as 'nipah' , the other as 'lontar'. While lontar is a common, widely used designation for the type of palm-leaf writing material used in the vast majority of surviving manuscripts, the nipah is rare and not commonly thought of as a writing material outside of scholarly circles. In an effort to understand the place of nipah in the tradition, the author turns to descriptions of writing materials in old written as well as oral sources and concludes that the terminology used there is at odds with the accepted idea that the second, rare type of leaf used in the palm leaf manuscript tradition came from the nipah palm. Instead, it was prepared from another palm species called gebang. At the same time, the author provides new insight into indigenous conceptualizations that differentiate the types of texts recorded on lontar and gebang materials. * I would like to thank Henri Chambert-Loir, Willem van der Molen and Dina Isyanti for their valuable suggestions on the first draft of this article. Special thanks go to Arlo Griffiths for his generosity in providing relevant sources from the efeo library in Jakarta and for important comments on and corrections to this article. This article appears in its present form thanks to Tim Behrend, who helped translate it into English with great care, at the same time providing valuable feedback and critical commentary. For this, I am sincerely grateful. Nevertheless, any mistakes that might remain are entirely my own responsibility
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Bhīma Svarga: étude d’un texte vieux-javanais et de sa transmission manuscrite
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Production de manuscrits et mysticisme d'Akṣara dans le Bhīma Svarga
No full textNSC Working Paper No. 26International audienceAs in other parts of Asia, the figure of Bhīma was made the subject of cult worship in Java. The popularity of this character is documented in numerous archaeological remains, such as inscriptions, statues, and reliefs, as well as textual documents that have Bhīma as the main character. The appearance of Bhīma as the main character in various texts, such as the Navaruci, Deva Ruci, and Bhīma Svarga, often pertained to his role as a semi-divine warrior figure who was able to master the true essence of all esoteric knowledge (Tattvajñāna). The text that we will discuss, the Bhīma Svarga, is one of many existing versions of this tale, and may be the oldest one. Written before the 16th century, this text has never been satisfactorily investigated. This text includes a dialogue between Bhaṭāra Guru and Bhīma, who wishes to save his father, Pāṇḍu, from hell. All the questions from Bhaṭāra Guru are answered perfectly. It is Bhīma’s responses that have become the core essence of the text, which consist of the doctrines of Śaivism and its rich cosmological and philosophical elements. In this article, I will introduce the manuscript sources containing the text of the Bhīma Svarga from a West Javanese scriptorium, whose connection to the Balinese manuscript tradition of the Bhīma Svarga has been ignored thus far. I will also examine in particular the sections of the manuscript that will give valuable insights for codicologists specialising in Nusantara manuscripts. These sections are those pertaining to manuscript production and ‘akṣara mysticism’. The data in the text explain how manuscripts were produced and the significance of akṣara during that period.Comme dans d'autres régions d'Asie, la figure de Bhīma a fait l'objet d'un culte à Java. La popularité de ce personnage est attestée par de nombreux vestiges archéologiques, tels que des inscriptions, des statues et des reliefs, ainsi que par des documents textuels dont Bhīma est le personnage principal. L'apparition de Bhīma comme personnage principal dans divers textes, tels que le Navaruci, le Deva Ruci et le Bhīma Svarga, se rapportait souvent à son rôle de figure guerrière semi-divine capable de maîtriser la véritable essence de toute connaissance ésotérique (Tattvajñāna). Le texte dont nous allons parler, le Bhīma Svarga, est l'une des nombreuses versions existantes de ce conte, et peut-être la plus ancienne. Écrit avant le 16e siècle, ce texte n'a jamais fait l'objet d'une étude satisfaisante. Ce texte comprend un dialogue entre Bhaṭāra Guru et Bhīma, qui souhaite sauver son père, Pāṇḍu, de l'enfer. Toutes les questions de Bhaṭāra Guru reçoivent une réponse parfaite. Ce sont les réponses de Bhīma qui sont devenues l'essence centrale du texte, qui consiste en les doctrines du Śaivisme et ses riches éléments cosmologiques et philosophiques. Dans cet article, je présenterai les sources manuscrites contenant le texte du Bhīma Svarga provenant d'un scriptorium de Java occidental, dont le lien avec la tradition manuscrite balinaise du Bhīma Svarga a été ignoré jusqu'à présent. J'examinerai également en particulier les sections du manuscrit qui donneront des indications précieuses aux codicologues spécialisés dans les manuscrits de Nusantara. Ces sections sont celles qui concernent la production des manuscrits et le 'mysticisme akṣara'. Les données du texte expliquent comment les manuscrits étaient produits et la signification de l'akṣara à cette époque
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