124,921 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
How Big are Illicit Financial Flows? The Hot Phase of IFF Estimations
No full textIn recent years several leaks have given us insight into how the wealthy and criminals hide their money. The boom of leaks has resulted in a ‘hot phase’ in tax regulation. As a result, the number of studies that want to measure illicit financial flows has also increased. This chapter tries to provide an overview of this booming new field. What do all these studies teach us about the seriousness and size of tax avoidance, tax evasion, and money laundering? What is precisely measured, and how? This chapter concludes that the term ‘Illicit Financial Flows’ has become a bit of a floating identifier, a name that is vague enough to be used for many different concepts but at the cost of losing its meaning. We argue that decomposing the problem of illicit financial flows and what each study aims to measure, might give more useful insights
Supplemental material for Distinct TLR-mediated cytokine production and immunoglobulin secretion in human newborn naïve B cells
No full textSupplemental Material for Distinct TLR-mediated cytokine production and immunoglobulin secretion in human newborn naïve B cells by Matthew A Pettengill, Simon D van Haren, Ning Li, David J Dowling, Ilana Bergelson, Jop Jans, Gerben Ferwerda and Ofer Levy in Innate Immunity</p
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Responses of Lens esculenta Moench to controlled environmental factors
No full textMany experiments were undertaken to study the responses of the lentil cultivars 'Large blonde' and 'Anicia' to controlled environmental factors. They covered different aspects of the physiology and the ecology of the crop.The orientation experiments (2) involved germination and depth of sowing. The optimum temperature range for the germination of 'Large blonde' was 19-29 °C whilst that of 'Anicia' was 21-25 °C. The depth treatments (1, 4 and 8 cm) caused no particular effects on flowering and stem elongation. They brought about a general linear response of the cultivars with respect to average leaf production (Fig. L) The 4-cm treatment appeared to be the most favourable for dry matter production. A temperature of 23°C and a depth of 3 cm were used to pregerminate and sow the seeds respectively in carrying out further experiments.Studies on the photoperiodic requirements of the cultivars (3) led to differences between 'Large blonde' and 'Anicia'. The first cultivar behaved as a qualitative long- day plant: it did not flower at photoperiods shorter than 14 hours. 'Anicia' reacted quasily as a day-neutral plant. It flowered under all the photoperiods (8-16 hours) used, but came somewhat earlier into flower at 15 and 16 hours. The dry matter production of the cultivars seemed not to be influenced.The effects of the following temperature regimes: 9°C (night)-15°C (day), 13°C (night)-19°C (day), 17°C (night)-23°C (day), 21°C (night)-27°C (day), 25°C (night)-31°C (day) and 29°C (night)-35°C (day) on the plants of both cultivars were investigated (4). The treatment 21-27°C (average 24°C) led to the maximum leaf production, stem length and dry matter production. The regime 29-35°C was particularly detrimental to the growth of the cultivars: the plants were prematurely harvested before death occurred.An experiment was also conducted on daily amplitudes of temperature (5). It was carried out with three temperature regimes: 18 °C (night)- 30°C (day), 21 °C (night)- 27°C (day) and constant 24°C. The amplitude of 6°C (21°C-27°C regime) led to the highest average stem elongation, leaf and dry matter productions.The photosynthesis of 'Large blonde' and 'Anicia' was not influenced in a definite way by the (instantaneous) temperatures of 18°C, 24°C and 30°C (6). The photosynthetic capacity of the cultivars was similar. The surface they formed per unit dry weight was different, the ratio leaf area (dm 2)/dry weight (g) of 'Anicia' being higher than that of 'Large blonde'.The study of the drought tolerance of the cultivars under four frequencies of watering (3, 4, 8 and 12 times a month) brought out treatment-dependent differences in leaf area, stem elongation, dry matter production and evapotranspiratio (7). These features increased with a raise of the level of watering. The final water content of the plants was not clearly affected by the regimes.The tolerance to salinity and exchangeable sodium (in terms of ESP) was also brought under investigation (8). The cultivars were subjected to the influence of four salt concentrations corresponding with 1.2,4.5,8.4 and 13.1 mmhos/cm. In general, increase in the salt concentration resulted in an increased reduction of stem length and dry matter output. This depressing effect of salt was coupled with a continuous accumulation of Na and Mg in the plants. The tolerance limits of the cultivars were found to be between 8.4 and 13.1 mmhos/cm.The cultivars responded also clearly to the following ESP levels: 0.48, 4.53, 6.63 and 9.98. The higher the ESP level was, the larger became the growth reduction and the Na accumulation.Data on the growth and development patterns of 'Large blonde' and 'Anicia' were recorded in the course of an experiment which lasted 16 weeks (9). Both cultivars showed their greatest relative growth rate (RGR) between the second and the fourth weeks after sowing (0.81 g/g/week for 'Large blonde' and 0.85 for 'Anicia'). The final dry matter yields per plant of 'Large blonde' and 'Anicia' were comparable (4.7 and 4.5 g respectively). The seeds of the first cultivar represented 11 % of the final dry matter of the plant whilst those of the second accounted for 24 %. The highest shoot/root ratios (4.7 and 6.3 for 'Large blonde' and 'Anicia' respectively) were registered at the conclusion of the experiment
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B0→K∗0γ )/B(B0s→φγ ) and the directCP asymmetry inB 0→K∗0γ
No full textThe ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0→K⁎0γ and B0s→ϕγ has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=7TeV. The value obtained is
B(B0→K⁎0γ)B(B0s→ϕγ)=1.23±0.06(stat.)±0.04(syst.)±0.10(fs/fd),
where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third is associated with the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average value for B(B0→K⁎0γ), the branching fraction B(B0s→ϕγ) is measured to be (3.5±0.4)×10−5.
The direct CP asymmetry in B0→K⁎0γ decays has also been measured with the same data and found to be
ACP(B0→K⁎0γ)=(0.8±1.7(stat.)±0.9(syst.))%.
Both measurements are the most precise to date and are in agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical expectations
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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