1,393 research outputs found
Behavioral responses of juvenile golden grey mullet Liza aurata to changes in coastal temperatures and consequences for benthic food resources.
No full textTemperature is an important factor for fish. Yet, little is known about temperature effects on the feeding behavior of fish and the subsequent consequences of these behavioral changes on the spatial distribution of resources.We analyzed the differences in the feeding behavior of two size classes of juvenile Liza aurata at two water temperatures (i.e. 10 °C and 20 °C), using laboratory mesocosms. We also examined whether potential temperature-induced changes in feeding behavior of the smaller size of L. aurata would affect the spatial distribution of the microphytobenthos (MPB) biomass, an important resource in coastal systems. Both the number of feeding events and the swimming velocity during feeding were higher at 20°C than at 10°C, independent of the fish size. The time spent feeding did not vary between 10 °C and 20 °C, while the distance covered during feeding was significantly smaller at 20 °C than at 10 °C. Grazing did not affect the mean MPB biomass, but did increase its spatial variance at the smaller scale (i.e. a few centimeters) at 20 °C. A high number of feeding events, a high swimming velocity during feeding and a small distance covered during feeding in 20 °C-acclimated L. aurata most likely represented an adaptation to an increase in metabolism, as well as to the need to reduce the energy costs of feeding at 20°C. Results also indicated that changes in feeding behavior of the 20 °C-acclimated L. aurata were responsible for the increase in small-scale spatial variability in the MPB biomass but not an overall significant effect on theMPBmean.We suggested that the enhanced spatial patchiness due to grazing by fish at 20 °C might yield a local increase in the mean MPB biomass, probably increasing photosynthetic efficiency of cells and algal growth that counterbalance the negative effect of algal removal by fish
Effect of venous drainage site on insulin action after simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation
No full textBACKGROUND:
The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of the venous drainage site on insulin homeostasis in simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplant recipients.
METHODS:
The study included 12 SPK patients with portal venous drainage (P) and 11 SPK patients with systemic venous drainage (S) of pancreas allograft. All of the participants presented similar characteristics. The euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp was performed using a 0.4-mU/kg/min insulin infusion. An infusion of [6,6-(2)H2] glucose was used to determine glucose turnover at the basal state and during the clamp to determine liver and peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin.
RESULTS:
Minor changes in glycemia and insulinemia were shown: fasting plasma glucose was significantly higher in the SPK-P group and insulinemia was higher in the SPK-S group. Hepatic glucose production was similar in both groups. During the clamp, insulin levels were higher in SPK-S recipients, but hepatic glucose production was suppressed in both groups. Glucose use was lower in SPK-S recipients than in SPK-P recipients, 3.32 +/-1.41 mg/kg/min and 4.70 +/-1.64 mg/kg/min, respectively (P<0.02). Basal and under-clamp free fatty acid levels were similar. In addition, no significant difference in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels was shown, whereas high-density lipoprotein levels were higher in the SPK-S group; triglycerides during fasting and under clamp were significantly higher in the SPK-P group.
CONCLUSIONS:
In both groups, neither hepatic nor peripheral insulin resistance was detected. In SPK-S recipients, the authors have showed only a lower insulin clearance and a slight decreased peripheral responsiveness to insulin without modifications of lipid status
Mixed CuNi oxide-graphene nanocomposite microspheres as anode for energy storage devices
No full textTransition metal oxides (TMOs = Fe, Ni, Cu, Ti, etc.) have been intensively studied as anodes materials in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to their higher reversible capacities compared with commercial graphite. Nevertheless, these materials are affected by strong volume variations upon insertion/extraction of Li+ ions that leads to the rapid destructuration of the electrode often resulting in dramatic irreversible capacity loss and poor cycling stability. The synthesis of TMOs in different nanostructures is an attractive solution. In addition, by opportunely coupling the positive characteristics of nanostructured TMOs with graphene sheets (GNS) enhanced material stability and greatly improved electrochemical performances can be achieved. In this work, we present our recent results on the development of 3D/2D mixed CuNi oxide-graphene composite (CNO/GNS) mesoporous nanoparticles used as anode, along with the structural/morphological and electrochemical characterization thereof. The data are compared with pristine CNO sample demonstrating the remarkable performance improvement of the composite
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Uniaxial Pressure Control of Competing Orders in a High Temperature Superconductor
No full textThis file contains the raw data use in the publication 'Uniaxial Pressure Control of Competing Orders in a High Temperature Superconductor' by H.-H. Kim, S. M. Souliou, M.E. Barber, E. Lefrancois, M. Minola, M. Tortora, R. Heid, N. Nandi, R. A. Borzi, G. Garbarino, A. Bosak, J. Porras, T. Loew, M. König, P.M. Moll, A. P. Mackenzie, B. Keimer, C. W. Hicks and M. Le Tacon.
Source code for the first principle calculations is also provided, alongside with the instruction to use them.
This code was developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology by Rolf Heid.
Any use of the software beyond the context of this publication requires permission of the author
Abstract P2-01-33: Non-sentinel lymph nodes involvement in early breast cancer patients: Performance of two predictive nomograms integrating the analysis of sentinel nodes by one step nucleic acid amplification in a cohort of 299 patients
No full textAbstract
Backgrounds: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a highly accurate predictor of axillary status and has become the surgical axillary standard in breast cancer patients. About 50–70 % of patients with involved SLN have no additional non sentinel node (NSN) involved, suggesting that it be possible to avoid ALND in selected patients. Many tools have been developed to help surgeons in NSLN evaluation but they all need pathological data from tumor and SLN and can't be used during surgery. Developed for intraoperative detection of SLN macro or micrometastasis involvement, the semi-automated molecular one step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA), as accurate as pathology, is available. Two simple nomograms have been developed to predict NSN involvement based on the number of CK19 mRNA copy determined by OSNA:
· Nomogram developed by Peg V (Eur J Surg Oncol 2013): based on total tumoral load (TTL). TTL is defined as the addition of CK19 mRNA copies of each positive SLN (copies/μL). A TTL≥1.2 × 10(5) copies/ml (specificity=85.3%, negative predictive value (NPV) = 80%) can predict NSN involvement.
· Nomogram developed by Di Filippo F (Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015): based on the number of CK19 mRNA copies and ultrasound tumor size. These two variables are categorized using quartiles with a score for each and the addition of both corresponds to a probability of NSN involvement (sensitivity = 98.1%, NPV = 92.5 %).
Patients and Methods: this is a retrospective study of 299 patients. Each patient had SLN involvement (macro or micrometastasis) and underwent a complementary ALND. The main objective was to evaluate the performance of each nomogram using a discrimination ability model, assessed by ROC analysis. Predictive accuracy was measured by the area under ROC curves (AUC) reported with its 95 % confidence interval. The second objective was to compare the two nomograms using Hanley & McNeil method, to test the statistical significance of the difference between the AUC. Analysis was performed using stata 13.1 SE.
Results: The mean age was 59, 1 year. Most patients were treated for an infiltrating ductal carcinoma (80.3%, 240/299). The mean ultrasound tumor size was 13 mm and the mean pathological tumor size was 15 mm. The median number of examined SLN was 2 with a macro-metastasis in 67, 6%, 202/299). 70 patients had involved nodes in ALND (23%).
The discrimination of N Peg, quantified with AUC was 0.685 (p&lt;0, 00001). The discrimination of N Di Filippo, quantified with AUC was 0.72 (p&lt;0, 00001).
Hanley & McNeil method shows that Di Filippo nomogram is significantly superior to Peg nomogram (p=0,048).
Conclusion: The current study shows that these two nomograms are reliable and can be used to predict NSLN involvement. The combination of molecular data and ultrasound tumor size seems to be more efficient than molecular data alone. These results are similar to results of nomogram studies based on pathological analysis but only these nomograms integrating molecular data can be used during the surgery.
Citation Format: Bordes V, Campion L, Jezequel P, Lefrancois A, Boiffard F, Brillaud-Meflah V, Dravet F, Jaffre I, Classe J-M. Non-sentinel lymph nodes involvement in early breast cancer patients: Performance of two predictive nomograms integrating the analysis of sentinel nodes by one step nucleic acid amplification in a cohort of 299 patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-33.</jats:p
First person - Seda Yasa
No full textFirst Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Seda Yasa is first author on 'CLN3 regulates endosomal function by modulating Rab7A-effector interactions', published in JCS. Seda is a PhD student in the lab of Stephane Lefrancois at the INRS, Quebec, Canada, investigating the role of CLN proteins in intracellular trafficking pathways to develop novel therapeutic strategies for lysosomal storage disorders.</p
Fonctions physiologiques des aldoses réductases dans la glande surrénale (rôle de l'activité prostaglandine F synthase et création de modèles transgéniques)
No full textLa protéine murine AKR1B7 appartient à la famille des aldoses réductases. Par son expression limitée à un petit nombre de tissus et son contrôle hormonal, elle constitue un modèle de choix pour l'étude des fonctions physiologiques de cette famille enzymatique. D'une part, ces travaux de thèse ont permis de démontrer ex vivo le rôle de l'activité prostaglandine F synthase des aldoses réductases murines et humaines dans la glande surrénale. Nous avons mis en évidence une nouvelle boucle de régulation négative des fonctions endocrines surrénaliennes qui utilise la prostaglandine F2alpha comme signal paracrine et/ou autocrine entre le cortex et la medulla. D'autre part, nous avons développé la première lignée de souris transgéniques exprimant spécifiquement la recombinase Cre dans la cortico-surrénale pour réaliser l'invalidation conditionnelle de gènes dans ce tissu. Cette lignée constitue un outil très puissant pour la création de modèles murins de pathologies tumorales surrénaliennesCLERMONT FD-BCIU Sci.et Tech. (630142101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Magnetic fields in noncommutative quantum mechanics
No full textDedicated to the memory of Julius Wess. Work presented by F. Gieres at the conference "Non-commutative Geometry and Physics" (Orsay, April 2007)International audienceWe discuss various descriptions of a quantum particle on noncommutative space in a (possibly non-constant) magnetic field. We have tried to present the basic facts in a unified and synthetic manner, and to clarify the relationship between various approaches and results that are scattered in the literature
Search for the glueball candidates f(0)(1500) and f(J)(1710) in gamma gamma collisions
No full textData taken with the ALEPH detector at LEP1 have been used to search for gamma gamma production of the glueball candidates f0(1500) and fJ(1710) via their decay to pi+pi-. No signal is observed and upper limits to the product of gamma gamma width and pi+pi- branching ratio of the f0(1500) and the fJ(1710) have been measured to be Gamma_(gamma gamma -> f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) f0(1500)). BR(f0(1500)->pi+pi-) fJ(1710)). BR(fJ(1710)->pi+pi-) < 0.55 keV at 95% confidence level.Data taken with the ALEPH detector at LEP1 have been used to search for γγ production of the glueball candidates f 0 (1500) and f J (1710) via their decay to π + π − . No signal is observed and upper limits to the product of γγ width and π + π − branching ratio of the f 0 (1500) and the f J (1710) have been measured to be Γ(γγ→f 0 (1500))· B R (f 0 (1500)→π + π − )<0.31 keV and Γ(γγ→f J (1710))· B R (f J (1710)→π + π − )<0.55 keV at 95% confidence level
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