224 research outputs found
CCS and the barriers for its fully deployment in the port of Rotterdam
No full textEngineering Systems and ServicesTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Present-day kinematics at the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary as derivated from GPS observations
No full textAerospace Engineerin
Estudo do potencial hipoglicemiante da Wilbrandia ebracteata em ratos normais e diabéticos
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia.Wilbrandia ebracteata pertence à família Cucurbitaceae e é popularmente conhecida como taiuiá. Das raízes e folhas da espécie foram isoladas cucurbitacinas e flavonóides C-glicosídeos. Estudos in vitro e in vivo demonstraram atividades analgésica, antiinflamatória e antiulcerogênica das raízes e folhas da planta. Alguns C-glicosídeos presentes nas raízes de W. ebracteata, como vitexina e swertisina mostraram ainda ação antioxidante e inibição de -glicosidases intestinais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a ação e o mecanismo de ação anti-hiperglicêmica de extratos, frações, subfrações e dos compostos isolados das raízes de W. ebracteata, swertisina e isovitexina, em ratos normais hiperglicêmicos e diabéticos. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos adultos entre 50-55 dias em jejum de 16 h prévio ao tratamento. Nos experimentos para determinação da glicemia e da concentração plasmática de insulina, as preparações de W. ebracteata foram administradas em diferentes doses por via oral em ratos normais após sobrecarga de glicose e as determinações foram realizadas nos tempos de 0, 15, 30, 60 e 180 min. O conteúdo de glicogênio muscular foi determinado após 180 min. A glicemia de ratos diabéticos foi determinada nos tempos 0, 1, 2 e 3 h após tratamento. A captação de glicose foi estudada em músculo sóleo na ausência (controle) ou presença dos C-glicosídeos isovitexina e swertisina e/ou insulina (tratado). A administração do extrato bruto metanólico (400 e 800 mg/kg) reduziu a glicemia de ratos normais hiperglicêmicos entre os tempos 15-60 min e elevou a concentração plasmática de insulina entre 30 e 60 min. O aumento do conteúdo de glicogênio muscular também foi observado. A fração n-butanol (50 mg/kg) apresentou maior potência nos tempos 15 e 30 min, entretanto esta fração não alterou a glicemia de ratos diabéticos. Efeito semelhante foi observado para a subfração metanólica. Os flavonóides C-glicosídeos isovitexina e swertisina (15 mg/kg) apresentaram ação anti-hiperglicêmica mais potente que a observada para frações e extratos e não alteraram a captação de glicose em músculo sóleo de ratos normais. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que os extratos, frações, subfrações e flavonóides C-glicosídeos isolados de W. ebracteata possuem ação anti-hiperglicêmica provavelmente pelo estímulo da secreção de insulina pelo pâncreas
Phymatodes (Phymatodes) huetheri Wappes and Santos-Silva 2019, new species
No full textPhymatodes (Phymatodes) huetheri Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species (Fig. 1–14) Phymatodes fulgidus; Laplante 1989: 63. (Misidentification). Phymatodes sp.; Yanega 1996: 53. Phymatodes species (CNC sp. n. #1); Webster et al. 2012: 314. Phymatodes sp. A; Bousquet et al. 2017: 56 (key), 57 (key), 60. Description. Male. Integument mostly dark reddish-brown (more dark-brown on some areas), slightly lighter on metanepisternum; ventral surface of head reddish-brown; clypeus, labrum, and mouthparts mostly orangish-brown; mandibles mostly orangish-brown, darkened toward apex; antennae orangishbrown, darkened on apex of antennomeres; femora orangish-brown on peduncle, brown on club; tibiae and tarsi orangish-brown; abdominal ventrites dark reddish-brown, darker on apex of I–IV. Head. Frons narrow, concave; moderately coarsely, sparsely punctate laterally, finely, sparsely punctate toward central area; with long, erect, sparse reddish-brown setae; frontoclypeal sulcus deep, inverted V-shaped. Area between antennal tubercles moderately coarsely punctate (punctures partially conflu- ent); with long, erect, sparse reddish-brown setae. Remaining surface of vertex moderately coarsely and abundantly punctate, glabrous. Antennal tubercles moderately narrow, slightly elevated, with rounded apex; smooth and glabrous. Median groove well-marked from frontoclypeal sulcus to area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes. Area behind upper eye lobes moderately coarsely and abundantly punctate; with a few long, erect reddish-brown setae close to eye. Area behind lower eye lobes smooth close to eye, moderately coarsely punctate toward prothorax (punctures gradually sparser toward ventral surface); with short, erect, sparse reddish-brown setae near eye. Genae minutely, sparsely punctate except smooth distal area; with minute, sparse yellowish-brown setae close to eye, glabrous on remaining surface. Postclypeus nearly horizontal in wide posterior area, narrow, abruptly inclined anteriorly (limit between these two areas slightly carina-shaped); large triangular central area of nearly horizontal region slightly depressed, moderately coarsely, confluently punctate; remaining surface smooth; with long, erect reddish-brown setae on punctate area. Labrum nearly coplanar with anteclypeus in posterior 2/3, inclined in anterior third; with long, erect, sparse reddish-brown setae on posterior area, short, erect, moderately abundant yellow setae anteriorly. Gulamentum with fine, very sparse punctures on wide posterior area, depressed, striate punctate on narrow anterior area; with short, sub-erect, very sparse reddish-brown setae on wide posterior area, with both, short, and long, sparse reddish-brown setae on anterior area. Distance between upper eye lobes 1.36 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 1.54 times length of scape. Antennae 1.2 times elytral length, reaching about distal third of elytra (only holotype measured); scape slightly piriform, moderately coarsely sparsely punctate; with both, long and erect, moderately short and decumbent, sparse yellowish-brown setae; pedicel with long, erect yellowish setae; antennomeres with moderately short, decumbent yellowish setae throughout, gradually shorter toward distal segments; antennomeres III–VI with long, erect yellowish setae, longer, more abundant ventrally and distally; remaining antennomeres with short, erect yellowish setae. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.26; pedicel = 0.63; IV = 1.08; V = 1.28; VI = 1.20; VII = 1.26; VIII = 0.97; IX = 0.97; X = 0.97; XI = 1.08. Thorax. Prothorax slightly wider than long; sides uniformly rounded, with narrow posterior constriction. Pronotum with vague longitudinal carina centrally; moderately finely punctate centrally, more abundantly so laterally, where punctures become partially confluent; with long, erect, sparse yellowishbrown setae. Sides of prothorax moderately coarse, densely punctate, becoming slightly rugose; with long, erect, sparse yellowish setae. Posterior ¾ of prosternum densely micropunctate, interspersed with coarse, moderately abundant punctures; anterior quarter finely, slightly striate-punctate; with both, short and long, erect, sparse yellowish setae on punctate area, with long, erect, sparse setae anteriorly. Prosternal process triangular, reaching about middle of procoxal cavities, rugose punctate, nearly glabrous. Ventral surface of mesothorax with both, short and long, decumbent, moderately sparse yellowish setae (more whitish depending on light intensity). Ventral surface of mesothorax with both, short and long, decumbent yellowish setae (more whitish depending on light intensity), more abundant laterally, interspersed with long, erect setae of same color in metanepisternum. Scutellum nearly smooth and glabrous, longitudinally concave. Elytra. Sides vertically inclined in basal third, gradually nearly horizontal toward apex; coarsely, abundantly punctate, somewhat rugose throughout; with sparse, moderately short, erect yellowish setae in basal area, and moderately long, erect yellowish setae near and in distal margin. Legs. Femora pedunculate-clavate, club distinctly widened, with short, decumbent, sparse yellowish setae. Tibiae gradually widened from base to apex; with long, erect, moderately sparse yellowish setae, more abundant ventrally. Metatarsomere I about as long as II–III together. Abdomen. Ventrites with both, short and long, sparse yellowish setae (more whitish depending on light intensity), interspersed with long, erect setae of same color. Abdominal ventrite V transverse, often shorter than IV, with distal margin somewhat concave. Female. Antennae 0.85 times elytral length (only one female measured), reaching between half-way to two-thirds of elytra. Prosternum finely, sparsely punctate. Femoral club less strongly widened. Abdominal ventrite V trapeziform, longer than IV, with distal margin rounded. Variation (Fig. 10–13, male and female). Body nearly entirely orangish-brown, with only small areas dark-brown (usually along sutures and boundaries of some structures); dorsal surface entirely darkbrown, or entirely reddish-brown (light or dark), sometimes entirely orangish-brown; prosternum from entirely dark-brown to entirely light reddish-brown; metanepisternum entirely dark-brown, with irregular reddish-brown areas, or entirely dark reddish-brown, light reddish-brown or orangish-brown; clypeus, labrum, and mandibles mostly dark-brown; femora entirely orangish-brown, entirely reddish-brown, or entirely dark-brown, sometimes with apex darkened; tibiae and tarsi reddish-brown or brown; abdominal ventrites orangish-brown, reddish-brown or dark-brown, always with distal area of I–IV darkened (sometimes just slightly so); abdominal ventrite V dark-brown with anterocentral area reddish-brown or orangish-brown; frons slightly concave; punctures on frons similar throughout; frontoclypeal sulcus arched (Fig. 11), not distinctly V-shaped; median groove nearly indistinct between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes; punctures in vertex somewhat finer and sparser between upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin; erect setae behind lower eye lobes moderately long; triangular central area of postclypeus slightly marked; triangular central area of postclypeus not depressed; triangular central area of postclypeus with punctures finer and not confluent; gulamentum minutely, abundantly punctate, interspersed with slightly coarser, very sparse punctures; setae on posterior area of gulamentum long; scape more cylindrical, not distinctly piriform; punctures on sides of pronotum not confluent; pronotum nearly glabrous; prosternal process nearly smooth; scutellum longitudinally concave, but with distal area elevated, making it appear depressed. Dimensions (mm), holotype male/male paratypes /female paratypes. Total length, 6.55/4.50– 5.20/5.60–6.70; prothoracic length, 1.50/1.00–1.10/1.00–1.25; anterior prothoracic width, 1.40/0.90– 1.10/1.05–1.15; posterior prothoracic width, 1.25/0.90–1.05/1.00–1.20; maximum prothoracic width, 1.60/1.15–1.30/1.20–1.50; humeral width, 2.00/1.50–1.55/1.60–1.90; elytral length, 4.50/3.05–3.60/3.95–4.60. Type material (Fig. 14). Holotype: Male from the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Neae York: Whiteface Mountain (Essex County; Mt. Topping), 6.VII.1987, J. Huether col. (FSCA). Paratypes: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Neae York: Whiteface Mountain, (Essex County), 10.VII.1985, J. Huether col. (1 female, RAAC); 3.VII.1989, J.P. Huether col. (1 female, JPHC); 19.VI.2007, J. and M. Huether col. (1 male, JPHC); 18.VI.2007, J. Huether col. (1 female, JPHC); 7.VII.2008, J. Huether col. (1 male, ACMT); 17.VII.2008, J. Huether col. (1 male, ACMT); 17.VI.2012, J. Huether col. (1 male, JPHC); 14.VII.1982, R.M. Brattain col. (1 female, RMBC); (Essex County; summit 4867’), 10-14.VII.1984, R.M. Brattain col. (1 male, 1 female, RMBC); 8–13.VII.1985, R.M. Brattain col. (1 female, RMBC); 5–11. VII.1986, R.M. Brattain col. (1 female, MZSP); 29.VI.2005, J. Huether col. (1 female, JPHC); 3.VIII.2006, J. Huether col. (1 female, JPHC); top Whiteface Mountain (Essex Co.; 4867’; Mt. Topping), 17.VII.1990, B.J. and J. Huether col. (1 male, JPHC); (4800’), 5.VII.1988, J.E. Wappes col. (1 female, ACMT); 6.VII.1988, J.E. Wappes col. (1 female, ACMT); (summit), 7–8.VII.1984, J. Huether col. (1 male, ACMT); 1 male, 5.VII.1999, R. Turnbow col. (1 male, RHTC). CANADA, Alberta: Fort Assiniboine,1939, no collector indicated (1 male, CNC# 04-9762, 1 female, CNC # 04-9763); High Level, 8.VII.1993, J. Jarrett col. (1 female, NFRC); Fort McMurray, 9.VI.2005, Alejos and Saomone col. (1 female, CNC # 00068529). NoƲa Scotia: Truro, 7.VII.2013, R. Matheson col. (1 female, CGDR). Ontario: 43 km WNW Hearst (49.8432ºN, 84.2250ºW), 18.VI–10.VII.2013, L. Venier col. (1 female, CNC # 3122396). Québec: Gaspé, 15.VII.1933, E.B. Watson col. (1 female, JCPC); Charlesbourg (Québec Co.), 4.VI.1977, M. Racine col. (1 female, CMRA); Frampton, 10.VII.1984, G. Drouin col. (1 female, CGDR); Reservoir Manicouagan (50.53ºN, 68.38ºW), 7–21.VII.2005, C. Hébert col. (1 male, IRM). Remarks. Phymatodes (Phymatodes) huetheri sp. nov. is similar to P. (P.) fulgidus but differs by the punctures on pronotum and sides of prothorax distinctly denser; punctures on pronotum in P. (P.) fulgidus (especially centrally, and sides of prothorax) are distinctly sparser. Phymatodes (P.) huetheri also has metatarsomere I about as long as II–III together (distinctly longer in P. (P.) fulgidus). Laplante (1989) recorded Phymatodes (P.) fulgidus from Québec (Canada), based on a single specimen (translated): “This species is reported here for the first time in Québec. This mention is based on a specimen captured by Gontran Drouin at Frampton (Dorchester), 10.vii.1984 [CGDR].” After this, Yanega (1996) reported on his Phymatodes sp.: “A record exists in the literature of P. fulgidus Hopping from Québec, Canada, but the author of the record has since concluded that the specimens (some also collected in New York) in fact represent an undescribed species, which I have had an opportunity to examine.” According to Douglas Yanega (personal communication) the literature mentioned by him was Laplante (1989) who subsequently also provided the information on the misidentification. Webster et al. (2012) pointed out on Phymatodes species (CNC sp. n. #1): “QC, NB (Yanega 1996)”. According to Yanega (1996) this undescribed species is related to Phymatodes ater LeConte but lacks the prominent pronotal calli and possesses finer elytral punctures.” We now know that the record for Québec in Yanega (1996) is Phymatodes (P.) huetheri sp. nov. However, we cannot affirm that the specimen from New Brunswick (Canada) in Webster et al. (2012) is P. (P.) huetheri sp. nov., although Bousquet et al., 2017 indicated that it is: “We have seen specimens of this undescribed species from Québec, Ontario, and Alberta, and it was recorded also from Fredericton in New Brunswick (Webster et al. 2012: 314).” It is important to note that we examined the specimen listed as P. fulgidus by Laplante (1989) and confirm its identity as P. (P.) huetheri. Furthermore, Bousquet et al. (2017) also pointed out that the specimen of Phymatodes sp. A, from “Frampton, 10.VII.1984, G. Drouin (1, CGDR)” was reported in Laplante (1989: 63) as P. fulgidus, but it is also P. (P.) huetheri sp. nov. According to Bousquet et al. (2017): “The specimen from “West Spruce, 30 miles north of Westlock, Alberta ” reported under the name Phymatodes rainieri Van Dyke by Swift and Ray (2010: 47) probably belongs to this species [Phymatodes sp. A = P. (P.) huetheri].” However, if the description by Swift and Ray (2010) is accurate, (“The pronotum and elytra are almost entirely glabrous and impunctate on the dorsal surface”.), it cannot be P. (P.) huetheri. Biology. Nothing is known about the host or biology of Phymatodes (P.) huetheri. Most all the New York specimens have been encountered or collected on top of Whiteface Mountain (Essex county) crawling on the exposed rock surface, where they were carried by the winds and dropped out as they met the opposing wind coming up the opposite side of the mountain (often referred to as “mountain topping”), or by beating or sweeping adjacent plants where they likely just landed. A specimen collected at Frampton, Québec (Gontran Drouin, personal communication) was taken sweeping low vegetation adjacent to coniferous logs. Other Canadian specimens were collected in Lindgren or “funnel” traps. Phymatodes (Phymatodes) huetheri can be included in the alternative of couplet “27” from Swift and Ray (2010), modified: 27 (21) Punctures on pronotum and sides of prothorax sparse, metatarsomere I distinctly longer than II–III together.................................. P. (P.) fulgidus Hopping, 1928 — Punctures on pronotum and sides of prothorax dense, metatarsomere I about as long as II–III together............................................. P. (P.) huetheri sp. nov. Etymology. The new species is named for the collector of the holotype, Jeffrey P. Huether, who many years ago brought this species to the attention of the first author.Published as part of Wappes, James E. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2019, A new species and synonymy in North American Phymatodes (Phymatodes) Mulsant, 1839 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Callidiini), pp. 1-9 in Insecta Mundi 687 on pages 2-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.367043
Andranthobius setirostris Valente & Silva, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textAndranthobius setirostris sp. nov. (Figs. 1–6) Male (Figs. 1–5). Body length (rostrum included): 4.2–7.4mm. Integument (Fig. 1 A) light brown with discrete, irregular and scattered dark brown spots; rostrum, collar, basal two thirds of antennal scape, scutellum and punctures of elytral striae dark brown; eyes silver. Subglabrous, clothed with golden microsetae; lateroventral margin of rostrum with an evident comb of coarse setae (Figs. 1 A, 3 A). Punctures evident on rostrum, collar, pronotum and in the elytral striae. Mouthparts (Fig. 2): Mandibles (Figs. 2 A, D) symmetrical; apically with two distinct triangular incisors; dorsally convex, with two long setae (break in Fig. 2 D) and horizontal grooves in central region, ventrally concave and glabrous; molar region subtruncate, articular region convex and with short spines. Maxillae (Figs. 2 A, B) elongate, moving along vertical axis; galeo-lacinial complex (mala) with anterior rounded lobe, surpassing apex of palpomere I, setation: apical region covered by numerous long, narrow and arcuate (reflexed) setae, subapical region with numerous short narrow setae and row of eleven apically acuminate lacinial teeth (two shorter, more sclerotized, ventral and subcentral), region adjacent to stipes with seven setae; central region with six–eight ventral setae; palpiger with two dorsal setae and one very long lateral seta, reaching palpomere II; palpomere I 1.6 times wider than long, with apical transverse row of four very long setae, palpomere II 1.4 times longer than wide, with one seta on apicolateral edge of outer margin; palpomere III 1.3 longer than wide, with two elongate lateral sensilla, one very small seta along inner margin and numerous small sensilla on apical margin; stipes with one very long lateroventral seta and short basal seta; cardo with four short lateroventral setae. Labium (Figs. 2 A, C): posmentum very elongate, 1.6 times longer than wide, concave and expanded laterally in distal region; prementum rectangular, with one very long seta on apicolateral outer margin, reaching apex of palpomere I; ligula elongate, narrowed, densely covered with setae; palpomere I 1.2 times longer than wide, with apical transverse row of four long setae and one ventrobasal seta as long as palpomeres I–III combined; palpomere II 1.4 times longer than wide, with ventroapical seta; palpomere III 2.2 times longer than wide, with one short seta on inner margin and numerous small sensillae on apical margin. Rostrum 0.6–0.8 times as long as pronotum; lateroventral margins parallel, becoming very narrow in basal third and throughout length with evident row of tubercles and comb of coarse setae, tubercles larger and setae longer towards apex (Fig. 3 A); without carina, with evident dorsomedian groove from base almost to apex (Fig. 3 B), less evident groove above scrobe; epistoma bilobed, with two flattened median setae and three lateral setae (Fig. 3 C). Scrobe extending from eye to apical third of rostrum; with carinate margins; with dorsal row of setae directed to central region (viewed at 170 x, Fig. 3 B). Antennae: antennal insertion median; scape 1.2 times as long as funicle; funicle: article I 1.9 times as long as article II, article II 1.8 times as long as article III, articles III–VII subequal in length and progressively wider; club 2.0 times longer than wide. Head (Fig. 3 D): postocular sulcus evident; eyes very prominent, basal in rostrum, with interocular microsetae. Pronotum (Figs. 1 A, 4 A) 1.1–1.3 times wider than long; anterior margin truncate; lateral margins with evident anterior obtuse tubercle, posterior margin as wide as humeri, forming acute discreet tubercle at lateral margin. Prosternum (Fig. 1 A) with fine striae, distal margin truncate; prosternal process discrete, extending beyond procoxal cavities, with distal margin enlarged, concave and with an obtuse bulge on each side. Prolegs slightly longer, meso- and metalegs subequal in length. Procoxae (Fig. 1 A) near posterior margin of prosternum. Protibiae concave and enlarged distally; with dorsal row of tiny teeth and comb of short setae in distal 1 / 3. Elytra 1.2–1.3 times longer than wide, 1.5–1.6 times longer than pronotum; epipleuron (Fig. 1 A) with inflexion well marked along interval IX, forming acute angle with side in lateral view; intervals IX–X concave in basal 1 / 3; microsetae inserted before strial puncture and approximately 4.0 times longer than puncture (Fig. 4 B); intervals flat, with 3–4 rows of microsetae. Abdominal tergites (Fig. 4 C) with eight visible tergites, slightly sclerotized, tergites VII and VIII more strongly sclerotized; tergite VIII (pygidium) covered by elytra; tergite IV with only median spiculate patches on median sclerites; tergites V–VI with lateral and median spiculate patches on median sclerites; tergite VII with only lateral spiculate patches; tergites VII–VIII covered by fan-like setae, each with 3–7 long lobes projecting from apex, denser on tergite VIII; no plectra. Ventrites (Fig. 1 A) I–II and III–IV subequal in length; ventrite V 0.6–0.8 times as long as III–IV combined; ventrites I–II flat in middle; ventrite V transversely oblong, 4.6–5.3 times wider than long. Terminalia (Fig. 5): Sternum VIII (Fig. 5 A) consisting of two transversely oriented, semicircular sclerites (connected via membrane), each sclerite with three posterodorsal setae, basal margin and setae more sclerotized. Spiculum gastrale (Fig. 5 B) 1.2–1.3 times longer than median lobe; anteriorly expanded into an alate, curved lamina; stylus sinuate; posteriorly bifurcate, Y-shaped, furcal arms very short, symmetrical, truncate, not clavate, weakly sclerotized and apically diverging, lacking setae. Tegmen (Fig. 5 C) sclerotized, positioned basally at aedeagal apodemes, 0.6–0.7 times as long as median lobe; tegminal apodeme 0.3–0.4 times as long as median lobe, monofurcate, placed centrally in basal piece, narrowed, straight, weakly sclerotized apically; basal piece incomplete (not ring-like), simple (lacking paramere-like). Aedeagus (Figs. 5 D– E): median lobe distinctly broadened along posterior quarter, basally narrower, 5.6–5.7 longer than wide; with microsetae (100 x), gradually denser to posterior region (apex); apex acutely lobed; basiventral margin concave; lateral margins sclerotized, narrow, parallel; central area membranous; distal region of internal sac with transverse band of microtrichae and triangular, strongly reflexed, uncinate sclerite; ostium large, distal, evident. Apodemes of aedeagus 0.6–0.7 times as long as median lobe, narrow, curved in basal 1 / 3, sclerotized, gradually weakly sclerotized apically. Female (Figs. 1 B, 6). Body length (rostrum included): 4.3–6.2mm. Differs from male by rostrum lacking tubercles or comb of setae (Figs. 1 B, 6 A); pronotum triangular, laterodistal tubercle smaller or absent (Figs. 1 B, 6 B); abdominal tergites (Fig. 6 C): only seven visible, VII trapezoidal, convex in posterior margin; ventrites (Fig. 1 B): I–II convex in median region; V elongate, 3.6–4.1 times wider than long. Body part ratios: rostral length/ pronotal length: 0.8–0.9; eyes distance/eyes diameter: 0.8–0.9; pronotal width/length: 1.2–1.3; procoxal distance/ diameter: 0.3–0.4; elytral length/width: 1.3–1.4; elytral length/pronotal length: 1.9 –2.0; length of ventrite V/length of ventrites III–IV combined: 0.8–0.9. Variation. The integument varies from brown to light brown; irregular scattered dark spots vary from light brown to red brown; lateral projection of pronotum and projections of prosternum can be more or less evident; eyes can be black or stained black. Etymology. Named for the conspicuous comb of setae on the lateroventral margins of the rostrum (only in males); from Latin seta (setae) and rostrum (rostrum). Remarks. Andranthobius setirostris sp. nov. can be distinguished very easily from the others species of the genus by an anterior obtuse tubercle on the lateral margin of the pronotum (Figs. 1, 4 A, 6 B) and by the rostrum of the males, which has a lateroventral row of tubercles and comb of setae (Figs. 1 A, 3 A–B), while in females the rostrum does not have tubercles or a comb of setae (Figs. 1 B, 6 A). In the remaining species of Andranthobius, the pronotum has no anterior tubercle and the rostrum is smooth, with no tubercles and no comb of setae in males and females. In addition, the body size of the new species in general is much larger (4.3 –7.0 mm) than the remaining species of the genus (2.2 –3.0 mm) and the shape of the prothorax is strongly trapezoidal, especially in the males. The prosternal process of Andranthobius setirostris sp. nov. is distinct (Fig. 1) and, as in most other species of the genus, except A. bondari, is smaller in the females. Also, the new species has maxillary lacinial teeth apically acuminate, while in the remaining species of the subtribe Notolomina the lacinial teeth are apically bifurcate, terminating in two separate projections (Franz 2006). Finally, A. setirostris sp. nov. is the first species of Andranthobius recorded from the Amazon region and has been collected only from S. cocoides and S. vermicularis, while the remaining species of Andranthobius have been collected in others species of Syagrus (S. botryophora, S. coronata and S. romanzoffiana) or in other genera of palms. Natural history. Adults were collected by the first author in inflorescences of two species of Syagrus, S. cocoides and S. vermicularis, locally known as “piririma” and “gueroba”, respectively. In Canaã dos Carajás and São Geraldo do Araguaia, Andranthobius setirostris sp. nov. were collected in flowers of S. cocoides and S. vermicularis, while in Monte Alegre, Melgaço (National Forest of Caxiuanã) and Altamira this weevil was collected only in flowers of S. cocoides, as S. vermicularis was not recorded in these localities. This is the first record of S. cocoides and S. vermicularis as a host of Andranthobius. In the studied localities, insects were collected from flowers of Syagrus inajai (Spruce) Becc., in addition to a number of other palms (Astrocaryum aculeatum G. M e y., Astrocaryum gynacanthum Mart., Astrocaryum murumuru Mart., Astrocaryum paramaca Mart., Astrocaryum vulgare Mart., Attalea maripa (Aubl.) Mart., Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng., Acrocomia aculeata, Bactris acanthocarpa Mart., Bactris brongniartii Mart., Bactris campestris Poepp. ex Mart., Desmoncus polyacanthos Mart., Euterpe oleracea Mart., Geonoma maxima (Poit.) Kunth, Oenocarpus distichus Mart., Mauritia flexuosa L. f., Mauritiella armata (Mart.) Burret and Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H. Wendl.). But specimens of Andranthobius setirostris sp. nov. were found only in S. cocoides and S. vermicularis, suggesting that the association is specific at least locally. In addition, A. setirostris sp. nov. was not collected in flowers of Euterpe longebracteata Barb. Rodr., Oenocarpus distichus nor on unidentified species of Bactris in Querência, Mato Grosso (Valente & Guimarães 2010). Geographical distribution. This species has been found in lowland rainforest (Caxiuanã National Forest, Melgaço) at elevations ranging from 50 to 500 m above sea level, and in open forests (Monte Alegre, Altamira, Canaã dos Carajás and São Geraldo do Araguaia) at elevations ranging from 110 to 500m above sea level. All localities are in Pará state, Brazil. Type material. Holotype male deposited in MPEG: “ Brasil –PA–Canaã dos Carajás\ Projeto Níquel Vermelho\ - 6 ° 28 ’ 32 ’’/- 49 ° 52 ’ 27 ’’\ 25 –XI– 2005 \ R.M. Valente Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus vermicularis \ Amostra 05” [label 2]. Allotype female deposited in MPEG: same as holotype. Paratypes: same as holotype (5 ♂ (3 dissected), 4 ♀ (1 dissected), MPEG); same as holotype but “Amostra 01” (4 ♂ (2 dissected), MPEG); “Amostra 02” (2 ♂ (1 dissected), 8 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 03” (4 ♂ (2 dissected), 5 ♀, MZUSP); “Amostra 04” (4 ♂, 6 ♀ (1 dissected), MPEG); “Amostra 06” (4 ♂, 7 ♀, AMNH); “Amostra 07” (7 ♂ (1 dissected), 3 ♀, UFPA); “Amostra 08” (1 ♂, 4 ♀, UFPA; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, CMNC); “ 7 –V– 2004, Amostra 01” (6 ♂, 7 ♀, MPEG); “ 7 –V– 2004, Amostra 02” (5 ♂ (1 dissected), 6 ♀, MPEG); “ 25 –VII– 2004, Amostra 01” (3 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –XI– 2005, Amostra 01” (5 ♂ (1 dissected), 6 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –XI– 2005, Amostra 03” (6 ♂ (1 dissected), 4 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil –PA–Canaã dos Carajás\ Projeto Níquel Vermelho\ - 6 ° 28 ’ 32 ’’/- 49 ° 52 ’ 27 ’’\ 24 –VII– 2004 \ R.M. Valente Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides \ Amostra 01” [label 2] (2 ♂, 2 ♀ (1 dissected), MPEG); same data but, “ 25 – VII– 2004 ” (1 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –VII– 2004 ” (9 ♂, 20 ♀ (1 dissected), UFPA); “ 26 –XI– 2005 ” (2 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –XI– 2005, Amostra 02” (1 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –XI– 2005, Amostra 03” (1 ♂, 9 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –XI– 2005, Amostra 04” (3 ♂, 1 ♀, UFPA); “ 27 –XI– 2005, Amostra 05” (2 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “ 28 –XI– 2005, Amostra 01” (2 ♀, MPEG); “ 28 –XI– 2005, Amostra 02” (1 ♀, MPEG); “ 30 –XI– 2005, Amostra 01” (2 ♂, 6 ♀, MPEG); “ 30 –XI– 2005, Amostra 02” (5 ♂, 5 ♀, UFPA); “ 30 –XI– 2005, Amostra 03” (1 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ 30 –XI– 2005, Amostra 04” (5 ♂, 10 ♀, MPEG); “ 30 –XI– 2005, Amostra 05” (1 ♂, 4 ♀, MPEG); “ 30 –XI– 2005, Amostra 06” (1 ♂, MPEG); “ Brasil – PA–Altamira\ Agropecuária W.R.\ - 52 ° 22 ' 27.9 ''/- 3 ° 32 '00.7''\ 13 –IV– 2008 \ R.M. Valente Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides \ Amostra 01” [label 2] (2 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Itapuama, - 52 ° 20 ' 43.6 ''/- 3 ° 36 ' 20.5 '', 15 –IV– 2008, Amostra 01” (3 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “Itapuama, - 52 ° 20 ' 43.6 ''/- 3 ° 36 ' 20.5 '', 24 – IV– 2008, Amostra 02” (4 ♂, 4 ♀, UFPA); “ Brasil –PA–Melgaço\ FLONA de Caxiuanã\ Grade do PPBio, Linha L\ 26 –IX– 2010 \ - 1 ° 58 ' 57.6 ''/- 51 ° 39 '06.5''\ J.R. Guimarães Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides \ Amostra 01\ 9: 13 horas” [label 2] (2 ♂, 1 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Amostra 0 2, 9: 31 horas” (5 ♂, 7 ♀, UFPA); “- 1 ° 58 ' 59.68 ''/- 51 ° 39 '04.2'', Amostra 0 3, 10: 18 horas” (2 ♂, 5 ♀, MPEG); “- 1 ° 59 '00.1''/- 51 ° 39 '05.0'', Amostra 0 4, 10: 32 horas” (10 ♂, 9 ♀, UFPA); “- 1 ° 59 '06.0''/- 51 ° 39 '06.0'', Amostra 0 6, 11: 21 horas” (1 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ 28 – IX– 2010, - 1 ° 58 ' 59.4 ''/- 51 ° 39 '04.2'', Amostra 0 7, 9: 44 horas” (2 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “ 28 –IX– 2010, - 1 ° 59 '02.4''/- 51 ° 39 '04.8'', Amostra 08” [no time] (3 ♂, 5 ♀, MPEG); “ 1 –X– 2010, Amostra 10 ” [no coordinate, no time] (2 ♂, 8 ♀, MPEG); “ 1 –X– 2010, Amostra 11 ” [no coordinate, no time] (1 ♀, MPEG); “ 1 –X– 2010, Amostra 12 ” [no coordinate, no time] (3 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ 1 –X– 2010, - 1 ° 59 '00.3''/- 51 ° 39 '06.7'', Amostra 13, 10: 24 horas” (1 ♀, MPEG); “ 24 –IX– 2011, Amostra 14, 11: 21 horas” [no coordinate] (1 ♂, 1 ♀, MPEG); “ 24 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.061 '/- 51 ° 39.089 ', Amostra 15, 9:05 horas” (1 ♂, 1 ♀, MPEG); “ 24 –IX– 2011, Amostra 17, 12: 15 horas” [no coordinate], (3 ♂, 7 ♀, MPEG); “ 26 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.010 '/- 51 ° 39.044 ', Amostra 19, 9: 38 horas” (6 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ 26 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.112 '/- 51 ° 39.068 ', Amostra 21, 10: 40 horas” (8 ♂, 11 ♀, UFPA); “ 26 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.081 '/- 51 ° 39.111 ', Amostra 23, 11: 38 horas” (1 ♂, 5 ♀, MPEG); “ 26 –IX– 2011, Amostra 24, 11: 45 horas” [no coordinate] (2 ♂, 1 ♀, MPEG); “ 26 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.056 '/- 51 ° 39.091 ', Amostra 25, 11: 55 horas” (4 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 58.984 '/- 51 ° 39.087 ', Amostra 26, 8: 31 horas” (4 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 58.996 '/- 51 ° 39.058 ', Amostra 27, 8: 41 horas” (6 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.145 '/- 51 ° 39.068 ', Amostra 28, 8: 58 horas” (1 ♂, 4 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.074 '/- 51 ° 39.106 ', Amostra 29, 9: 16 horas” (1 ♀, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.055 '/- 51 ° 39.128 ', Amostra 30, 9: 38 horas” (2 ♂, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.103 '/- 51 ° 39.140 ', Amostra 31, 10:02 horas” (1 ♂, MPEG); “ 27 –IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.115 '/- 51 ° 39.144 ', Amostra 32, 10: 13 horas” (1 ♂, MPEG); “ 27 – IX– 2011, - 1 ° 59.094 '/- 51 ° 39.063 ', Amostra 33, 11: 25 horas” (1 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil –PA–Melgaço\ FLONA de Caxiuanã\ Grade do PPBio\ 15 –XI– 2011 \ J.R. Guimarães Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides \ Amostra 01\ 9: 25 horas” [label 2] (4 ♂, 1 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Amostra 0 2, 10: 26 horas” (2 ♂, 4 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 0 4, 10: 57 horas” (3 ♂, 6 ♀, MPEG); “ 17 –IX– 2011, Amostra 0 9, 8: 47 horas” (3 ♂, 5 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil – PA–Monte Alegre\ Piaful\ 27 –I– 1996 \ R.M. Valente Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides \ Amostra 01” [label 2] (2 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Amostra 02” (5 ♂, 8 ♀, UFPA); “ 28 –I– 1996, Amostra 01” (5 ♂, 7 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil –PA–Monte Alegre\ Serra Itauajuri\ 28 –I– 1996 \ R.M. Valente Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides \ Amostra 01” [label 2] (16 ♂, 26 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Amostra 02” (1 ♂, 8 ♀, UFPA); “Amostra 03” (2 ♂, 9 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 04” (10 ♂, 14 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 05” (8 ♂, 5 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil –PA–São Geraldo\ do Araguaia\ Serra das Andorinhas\ 03–XII– 2006 \ I.S. Gorayeb Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus cocoides ” [label 2] (3 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil –PA–São Geraldo\ do Araguaia\ Serra das Andorinhas\ 28 –X– 2011 \ J.R. Guimarães Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus vermicularis \ Amostra 14 \ 15: 38 horas” [label 2] (1 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Amostra 15, 15:07 horas” (1 ♀, MPEG); “ 30 –X– 2011, Amostra 18, 10:00 horas” (1 ♂, 3 ♀, UFPA); “ Brasil –PA–São Geraldo\ do Araguaia\ Serra das Andorinhas\ Caldeirão do Diabo\ 24 –X– 2011 \ J.R. Guimarães Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus vermicularis \ Amostra 11 \ 15: 12 horas” [label 2] (2 ♂, 1 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Córrego Água Boa, 26 –X– 2011, Amostra 0 1, 10: 10 horas” (1 ♂, 4 ♀, MPEG); “Córrego Água Boa, 27 –X– 2011, Amostra 0 2, 13: 25 horas” (1 ♂, 3 ♀, MPEG); “Vila de Santa Cruz, 24 –X– 2011, Amostra 0 2, 08: 57 horas” (3 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG); “Vila de Santa Cruz, 24 – X– 2011, Amostra 0 3, 9: 23 horas” (2 ♀, MPEG); “ Brasil –PA–São Geraldo\ do Araguaia\ Serra das Andorinhas\ Faz. [Fazenda] do Cunha \ Ig. [Igarapé], Jatobá\ 25 –X– 2011 \ J.R. Guimarães Col. [label 1], Em inflorescência de\ Syagrus vermicularis \ Amostra 01\09:00 horas” [label 2] (1 ♂, 4 ♀, MPEG); same date but, “Amostra 0 2, 09: 27 horas” (6 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 0 3, 09: 48 horas” (6 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 0 4, 10: 10 horas” (5 ♂, 4 ♀, MPEG); “Amostra 0 5, 10: 12 horas” (3 ♂, 2 ♀, MPEG).Published as part of Valente, Roberta De Melo & Silva, Paulo Augusto Lima Da, 2014, The first Amazonian species of Andranthobius Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with records of new host palms for the genus, pp. 458-468 in Zootaxa 3786 (4) on pages 459-465, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3786.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22821
Fundamentos da produção e consumo de frutos em populações naturais de Euterpe edulis Martius
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Florianópolis, 2011Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a produção de frutos de Euterpe edulis e o consumo dos mesmos pela fauna em populações naturais da espécie, visando a manutenção da dinâmica da regeneração natural e das interações com a fauna. Ficou evidenciada a importância de E. edulis como fonte de alimento, pois seus frutos podem estar disponíveis em 10 meses do ano. O número médio de inflorescências produzidos por matriz foi de 2,21, destas: 1,55 chegaram a fase de flor feminina; 1,30 chegaram a fase de fruto imaturo e somente 0,98 amadureceram. Neste contexto, 55,7% das inflorescências "abortaram" até a fase de fruto maduro. À medida que as matrizes crescem em diâmetro, aumentam o número de inflorescências e infrutescências emitidas/planta, bem como, com o número de frutos maduros formados por infrutescência. Os estudos sobre a regeneração foram conduzidos em diferentes estádios sucessionais, tendo como foco: os efeitos da densidade de plântulas e a distância da matriz mais próxima e a relação entre a evolução do número de plântulas e matrizes. Os resultados obtidos, confirmam a hipótese de Janzen, indicando que, com o aumento da densidade e da proximidade das matrizes, ocorrem reduções das taxas de desenvolvimento e aumento das taxas de mortalidade. Tanto no estádio secundário inicial (SI), como no estádio secundário avançado (SA), os efeitos ocasionados pela densidade seguem o mesmo modelo. Porém, no estádio mais inicial as taxas de crescimento e mortalidade são maiores e menores, respectivamente. A estabilização no número de plântulas e matrizes ao longo do tempo é sugerida pelos diferentes modelos matemáticos empregados. Em média, estádios secundários avançados tendem a apresentar proporções de plântulas nas classes I, II e III, próximas a 82, 14 e 4%, respectivamente. O incremento de E. edulis segue o modelo de uma curva polinomial de quinto grau, variável quanto à intensidade entre diferentes populações. Durante o amadurecimento das infrutescências, foi observada uma redução média de 52% na quantidade de frutos. Dos frutos que chegaram à fase madura, 70% mantiveram sementes em condições de germinar. A dispersão, descontando-se os propágulos destruídos, totalizou 41% (30% tiveram como origem ações da fauna sobre as infrutescências e 11% ocorreram no solo). A fauna que se alimenta nas infrutescências, utilizou 76,5% dos frutos; dos restantes: 3,7% racharam ou secaram e 19,8% chegaram ao solo intactos. Os estudos da fauna que se alimenta no solo, revelaram que os frutos maduros são os mais procurados, pois somente 8% não foram utilizados, ou seja, apenas 1,81% do total de frutos produzidos; além disso, são a origem de 98% do despolpamento e de 86% da dispersão que ocorre no solo da floresta. De todos os aspectos estudados, o mais crítico para o manejo, envolve as interações com a fauna, pois existem dentro da floresta mecanismos complexos de competição e equilíbrio entre as espécies, além de fatores ambientais decisivos nos processos de reprodução e controle populacional, os quais ainda são pouco conhecidos. E. edulis está sujeito a estes processos e a dinâmica ecológica que envolve a produção, consumo e predação de seus frutos, sementes e plântulas são uma evidência clara de sua conectividade com o restante da comunidade florestal. Neste sentido, a regulamentação da coleta de frutos, deve preocupar-se com a quantidade de frutos a ser extraída, com o número de matrizes e sobretudo, com a época em que a espécie manejada frutifica. Sugere-se também, que o número de matrizes a serem mantidas por hectare, em planos de manejo sustentado visando a produção de palmito, seja revisto, pois a manutenção de 50 matrizes, como definem as legislações, apresenta fortes evidências de ser insuficiente para a manutenção da fauna. A construção de políticas públicas que definam melhor áreas de manejo e preservação tornam-se necessárias
Auditory Cueing for Gait Impairment in Persons With Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Study of Changes in Response With Disease Progression
No full textBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gait impairments in persons with Parkinson disease (PD) are difficult to manage. Auditory cueing has been shown to be an effective therapy. However, the optimal time to introduce cues with respect to disease stage has not yet been established. This longitudinal study examines the effect of auditory cues on gait characteristics in people with early PD at 2 time points, 3 years apart. METHODS: We assessed 25 people with PD from the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Cohorts with Longitudinal Evaluation-Parkinson's disease (ICICLE-PD) study. Participants walked with and without an auditory cue set at individual cadence. Characteristics of step velocity, step length, step time, step length variability, and step time variability were collected using an instrumented walkway. In a subset of 9 participants with PD, all assessments were repeated 3 years later. Twenty-nine healthy older adults were assessed at 1 time point to provide comparison data. RESULTS: At baseline, independent of group, step velocity, step length, and step time improved with auditory cue; however, there was an increase in step time variability, indicating a worsening of gait with the cue. Three years later, in the smaller subset the response to cue was improved, demonstrated by increased step velocity and length but step time variability was no longer increased. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study indicates that people with early PD have small benefits from auditory cues and the benefit increases as disease progresses. Early in disease the benefit of cue may come at the cost of increased variability. Therefore, the time to introduce an auditory cue in PD rehabilitation may be important to optimize therapeutic effect.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A243).Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (E.L.S., S.L., D.M., L.R., R.M.); Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil (E.L.S.); School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand (S.L.); John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.M.); The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (L.R.); and Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland (R.M.
PESI - a taxonomic backbone for Europe
No full textThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
Cognitive and embodied mapping of data: an examination of children’s spatial thinking in data physicalization
No full textUnderstanding and effectively using visual representations is important to learning science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Various techniques to visualize information, such as two- and three-dimensional graphs, diagrams, and models, not only expand our capacity to work with different types of information but also actively recruit our visual–spatial thinking. Data physicalization is emerging as a beginner-friendly approach to construct information visualization. Mapping intangible data onto tangible artifacts that possess visual, spatial, and physical properties demands an interplay of spatial thinking and hands-on manipulation. Much existing literature has explored using formatted infographics to aid learning and spatial thinking development. However, there is limited insight into how children may leverage their spatial thinking to create information visualizations, particularly tangible ones. This case study documented the data physicalization activities organized in two design classrooms of an international school in Netherlands, with 37 children aged 11–12. Seven themes relevant to spatial thinking were identified from multimodal evidence gathered from the data physicalization artifacts, classroom videos and recordings of children’s making process, and semi-structured interviews with children. Our findings suggested that these children generated various ideas to create visual–spatial forms for data with the materials at hand, such as mapping quantities to tangible materials of different sizes, using spatial ordinal arrangement, and unitizing materials to set visual parameters. Meanwhile, they evaluated and adjusted the visual–spatial properties of these materials according to the numerical data they had, crafting feasibility, and others’ spatial perspectives. What was particularly interesting in our findings was children’s iteration on their visual–spatial understandings of the intangible numerical values and the tangible materials throughout the embodied making processes. Overall, this study illustrated the different types of spatial thinking children applied to create their data physicalizations and offered insights into how embodied experiences accompanying the open-ended visualization challenge allowed children to explore and construct spatial understandings.Science Education and CommunicationAnalysi
Efeito de diferentes intensidades de manejo simuladas sobre diversidade genética de uma população natural de palmiteiro (Euterpe edulis martius)
No full textUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais
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