38 research outputs found
Architecture framework in support of effort estimation of legacy systems modernization towards a SOA environment
No full textBecause of their poor Business/IT alignment, many legacy systems lack the flexibility to support rapid changes to the business processes they implement, required by today's enterprises. Furthermore, after many years of maintenance, there is a need to manage their resulting increased complexity and maximize asset utilization through reuse. The third complicating circumstance is that these legacy systems cannot simply be replaced as it is too expensive and risky. For these three reasons, legacy systems are modernized towards a Service Oriented Architecture. This thesis presents a framework for performing an impact analysis of such a modernization. It supports the trade-off analysis, needed in the planning phase, for finding the optimal selection of modernization strategies and judging their yield. The impact is expressed through the estimation of, on the one side, the effort and, on the other side, the gain of the changes these modernization strategies entail. The thesis concentrates on one of the many types of changes in modernization -- the architectural and design changes to the software system. The presented framework structures current approaches to modernization in a set of class definitions, system model relationships and a process description. This is done according to the effort they produce, preparing them for its estimation. For this effort estimation, this thesis introduces a Rating Model for quantifying the modernization effort using the system models of the framework. This quantification is done through the identification of so-called Points of Modernization, a categorization of the modernization strategies and a set of effort indicator metrics. Based on this framework, this thesis also presents an experiment. For a subject legacy system, concrete approaches are shown for the instantiation of the framework models and the subsequent effort estimation is done using the indicator of Scattering. The analysis of the resulting effort and its relation to the gain show the optimal solutions for the modernization of the subject system. Concluding, this thesis discusses the feasibility of the approach and the future work such as more quantitative research on the rest of the effort indicators.Software EngineeringElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Multiple attenuation by multi-dimensional deconvolution of dual sensor streamer data
No full textA lot of algorithms for imaging seismic data assume that the recorded waves illuminate the reflectors in the subsurface only once, waves of this type are called primaries. But in marine environment the sea surface reflects most of the upcoming waves thus the recorded waves may have illuminate the reflectors more than once, waves of this type are called multiples. In seismic exploration for oil and gas, Surface-related multiple elimination (SRME) is the state of the art approach to eliminate multiples using adaptive substraction of predicted multiple energy. An alternative method is deconvolution of up- and downgoing wave fields. The up- and downgoing are obtained by decomposing pressure and vertical velocity fields. Unlike SRME, deconvolution requires the incident field or direct waves. The deconvolution method was applied previously to ocean-bottom cable (OBC) data. For OBC data the incident fields are routinely recorded at zero and near offsets, but for towed streamer data they are not. However, the incident fields can be modeled. For this thesis, it is assumed that the model and true incident field are related by a linear matching filter. In this thesis a method is proposed that solves for two unknowns, the multiple-free pressure and the matching filter. To investigate feasibility, sensitivity analysis is conducted to variations on the matching filter. Only horizontally layered media will be considered.Section Applied GeophysicsGeoscience & EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
The dynamics of child abuse in the family as a subject of psychological research
No full textThe article raises important questions of studying the temporal dynamics of child abuse, considering up-to-date literature. The severity of the problems discussed is proved by statistical data showing the prevalence of child abuse in Russian families. We highlight the ambiguity of relevant terminology, lack of certain features, boundaries and algorithms of psychological work with victims. The dynamic aspects of the problem of abuse are considered in light of the practical needs of adequate psychological prevention, timely and accurate identification of this phenomenon by psychologists. The author puts forward the problem of “starting point” of quantitative and qualitative transformations of child abuse syndrome in the family history, identifying possible problems and prospects for solving these problems. Particular attention is given to the time and the premises of origin acts attributed to manifestations of ill-treatment, in context of a specific famil
Clubhouse of the Amsterdam rowing association K.A.R. & Z.V. De Hoop: Between sport and meeting
No full textAlthough playing sports and meeting go hand in hand, architectural literature does not thoroughly delve into that connection. This thesis, however, is an attempt to grasp the theme through the study of the clubhouse of the rowing association De Hoop on the Amstel River in Amsterdam. First, historical context is provided. The clubhouse dates from 1952, at a time when several other rowing associations were rebuilding their homes that were destructed during the Second World War. Subsequently, a short note is made on the typology of clubhouses that specifically include a space to gather and spectate the sport. The core of the thesis regards an analysis of the three designs that architect Auke Komter made using mainly archival material. All the designs consist of a boathouse on the ground floor, whilst the clubroom is elevated on either the first or second floor. In order to optimize the space meetings, it can be concluded that several sitting areas as well as the flexibility of the space in general. In addition, a transparent facade attracts the members to the space to chat and spectate.AR2A011Architectural History ThesisArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Science
“Credo quia absurdum est”. Kubachi reliefs revisited
No full textThis paper is the author’s polemic answer to M.M. Mammaiev and A.A. Ivanova's article “On attribution of medieval Kubachi stone reliefs" which claims to be a scientific review of Z.V. Dode's book “Kubachi reliefs. A new view on ancient stones”. The author gives reasons for her fundamental disagreement with M.M. Mammaiev and A.A. Ivanova’s arguments which methodically follow the tradition of autochthonism, a dominating trend in the Soviet historical science. This trend implied studying the originality and uniqueness of national culture as a focus of research. In Z. V.Dode’s opinion, the acknowledgement of the Dagestan reliefs as an isolated cultural phenomenon leads to insurmountable difficulties in interpretation since both the Kypchaks and the Mongols are shown on reliefs along with the Dagestanis. The author believes that the scenes on the stone reliefs are indicative of not the regional, but the imperial scale of processes in which the medieval Zirikhgeran, which is nowadays known under the Turkic name “Kubachi”, was involved
“Credo quia absurdum est”. Kubachi reliefs revisited
No full textThis paper is the author’s polemic answer to M.M. Mammaiev and A.A. Ivanova's article “On attribution of medieval Kubachi stone reliefs" which claims to be a scientific review of Z.V. Dode's book “Kubachi reliefs. A new view on ancient stones”. The author gives reasons for her fundamental disagreement with M.M. Mammaiev and A.A. Ivanova’s arguments which methodically follow the tradition of autochthonism, a dominating trend in the Soviet historical science. This trend implied studying the originality and uniqueness of national culture as a focus of research. In Z. V.Dode’s opinion, the acknowledgement of the Dagestan reliefs as an isolated cultural phenomenon leads to insurmountable difficulties in interpretation since both the Kypchaks and the Mongols are shown on reliefs along with the Dagestanis. The author believes that the scenes on the stone reliefs are indicative of not the regional, but the imperial scale of processes in which the medieval Zirikhgeran, which is nowadays known under the Turkic name “Kubachi”, was involved
“Credo quia absurdum est”. Kubachi reliefs revisited
No full textThis paper is the author’s polemic answer to M.M. Mammaiev and A.A. Ivanova's article “On attribution of medieval Kubachi stone reliefs" which claims to be a scientific review of Z.V. Dode's book “Kubachi reliefs. A new view on ancient stones”. The author gives reasons for her fundamental disagreement with M.M. Mammaiev and A.A. Ivanova’s arguments which methodically follow the tradition of autochthonism, a dominating trend in the Soviet historical science. This trend implied studying the originality and uniqueness of national culture as a focus of research. In Z. V.Dode’s opinion, the acknowledgement of the Dagestan reliefs as an isolated cultural phenomenon leads to insurmountable difficulties in interpretation since both the Kypchaks and the Mongols are shown on reliefs along with the Dagestanis. The author believes that the scenes on the stone reliefs are indicative of not the regional, but the imperial scale of processes in which the medieval Zirikhgeran, which is nowadays known under the Turkic name “Kubachi”, was involved
Male-male competition leads to less abundant but more attractive sperm.
No full textMales employ complex strategies to optimize their reproductive success when faced with male-male competition; for instance, they can adjust the ejaculate characteristics. In copulating species, a male may also strategically adjust his ejaculate expenditure according to female quality. Quantifying the relative contribution of ejaculate plasticity in male reproductive success is often difficult, especially when females exert postcopulatory cryptic choice. One way to quantify the functional significance of ejaculate plasticity is offered by mating systems in which the reproductive partners do not meet each other during insemination. In the collembolan Orchesella cincta, males deposit their ejaculates (spermatophores) irrespective of the presence of females. We tested whether Orchesella males adjust spermatophore number when exposed to the presence of another male and whether changes in spermatophore productioninfluence female choice. We found that Orchesella males display plasticity in spermatophore allocation. Males decreased the spermatophorenumber when exposed to a rival male. Moreover, females preferentially took up spermatophores of males that were exposed to a competitor. The reduction in spermatophore number suggests, besides an adaptive response to the risk of ejaculate removal by rival males, an optimization strategy owing to the costs of more attractive spermatophores. © 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved
Feasibility of peak temperature targets in light of institutional constraints
No full textDownload information: Please do not request a data download here.
Rather, the data is available for download at the ENGAGE Scenario Explorer under this download link: https://data.ece.iiasa.ac.at/engage/#/downloads. In order to download click on Guest login. You will be forwarded to the downloads page. At the bottom of the downloads page you can download the data under the name: ENGAGE Feasibility of peak temperature targets in light of institutional constraints (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11562539).
The license permits use of the scenario ensemble for scientific research and commercial use, but restricts redistribution of substantial parts of the data. Please refer to the FAQ and legal code for more information.
Data set description
This data set includes global climate change mitigation scenarios as summarized by Bertram et al., 2024. The scenarios are developed as part of the ENGAGE project, and explore a wide set of dedicated feasibility assumptions along the institutional, technological, geophysical, and socio-cultural dimensions. In terms of mitigation ambition, the study follows the "net-zero budget" approach from Riahi et al. 2021 and contrasts both a below 2°C scenario (defined as 1000 Gt CO2 from 2018 until reaching net-zero CO2 emissions globally), and a scenario exploring the lowest possible peak temperature (aiming for a 550 Gt CO2 net-zero budget).
Author Contributions
C.B., E.B. and K.R. designed the study with input by L.D., E.K., G.L., B.v.R., R.S., D.v.V. and Z.V.; E.B. and C.B. prepared the governance input data for the IAMs; C.B., E.B., L.D., B.v.R., L.A.R., L.B.B., H.-S.d.B., V.D., F.F., D.F., O.F., S.F., K.K., V.K., R.M., P.R., R.S., D.S., I.T. and Z.V. produced the IAM scenario results; R.C., G.I. and N.H. provided a review of results and framing; R.D.L. and J.R. provided temperature probabilities as a function of carbon budgets; C.B. performed the data analysis and produced the plots with input by E.B. and L.D.; C.B. wrote the first draft and all authors contributed to writing the paper.
Acknowledgments
This research received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 821471 (ENGAGE) (C.B., E.B., L.D., G.L., B.v.R., L.A.R., L.B.B., H.-S.d.B., R.C., V.D., F.F., D.F., O.F., S.F., N.H., G.I., K.K., V.K., E.K., R.D.L., R.M., P.R., J.R., R.S., D.S., I.T., D.v.V., Z.V., K.R.). We thank A. Cherp for permission to use Figure 2 , the entire modelling teams for the development of the used IAMs and participants of the IAMC 2023 conference for helpful feedback. S.F. and D.S. are supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (JPMEERF20241001) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan and JST ASPIRE project grant number JPMJAP2331
Evolution and circulation of Yersinia pestis in the Northern Caspian and Northern Aral Sea regions in the 20th-21st centuries
No full textAccording to the whole genome SNP analysis of 38 Yersinia pestis strains isolated in the foci of the Northern Caspian and Northern Aral Sea regions in the 20th–early 21st centuries, between 1912 and 2015, the spatial and temporal structure of the 2.MED population of a medieval biovar in this region was determined. A phylogenetic branch 2.MED4 was identified which preceded the 2.MED1 branch that diverged later. 2.MED1 strains became the etiological agent of high-mortality plague outbreaks that occurred in the Northern Caspian region at the beginning of the 20th century. Later in the 20th century, the 2.MED1 branch became widespread in the Caspian Sea region, Caucasus, and vast areas of Central Asia. Based on the data of phylogenetic analysis, as well as epidemiological and epizootiological data, we reconstructed the paths of spread of the 2.MED1 branch in the Northern Caspian Sea region and in the Northern subzone of the Central Asian deserts. It is shown, that the reason for the activation of plague foci in the Northern Caspian region in the second half of the 20th century after a long inter-epizootic period caused by cyclical climate warming was the return of 2.MED1 from the foci of the Northern Aral Sea region. This led to the formation of stable plague foci in the Northern Caspian Sea region and Pre-Caucasus, which manifested epizootic activity in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries. © 2021 Eroshenko et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
