36 research outputs found
Letter from Lavinia H. Bugbee to Mr. Robertson
No full textThis item is a letter from the Francis Bugbee Papers, consisting principally of personal correspondence from Francis Bugbee's family and close friends concerning family and personal news. as well as genealogical materials relating to the Bugbee family and many other Massachusetts and Connecticut families. There is very little business correspondence or any information concerning his years as trustee, judge, or legislator
Innocent Victims Poetic Injustice in Shakespearean Tragedy
No full textThis is a revised version of the book which was privately published by the author in 1982. At the time, the book was widely welcomed by Shakespearean scholars as a trenchant, scholarly and highly orginal contribution to the field of Shakespearean studies. The book's argument is that a full response to Shakespearean tragedy has to take account of the fate of the victims as well as of the tragic heroesl and this thesis is illustrated and developed by a consideration of Lavinia, Lucrece and the children in Richard III, Macbeth and King John; and to the thee principal Shakespearean tragic victims, Ophelia, Desemona and Cordelia.Intro -- Contents -- Preface to second edition -- I: Fore Thoughts -- II: Innocent Victims -- III: Lavinia -- IV: Lucrece -- V: Children -- VI: Ophelia -- VII: Desdemona -- VIII: Cordelia -- IX: After Thoughts -- Appendix: Critics and Victims -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- YThis is a revised version of the book which was privately published by the author in 1982. At the time, the book was widely welcomed by Shakespearean scholars as a trenchant, scholarly and highly orginal contribution to the field of Shakespearean studies. The book's argument is that a full response to Shakespearean tragedy has to take account of the fate of the victims as well as of the tragic heroesl and this thesis is illustrated and developed by a consideration of Lavinia, Lucrece and the children in Richard III, Macbeth and King John; and to the thee principal Shakespearean tragic victims, Ophelia, Desemona and Cordelia.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
John Gay's the beggar's opera: early eighteenth-century responses in the arts to cultural, sociological and political issues in London life
No full textDiffering responses in art media to these contemporary issues of London life are explored, taking John Gay's the Beggar's Opera as the focal point for discussion. Initially, a general survey is made of Gay's role as cultural, social and moral critic. Comparison with George Frederick Handel's Floridante allows Gay's work to be placed in the context of operatic responses to contemporary society, highlighting usage both of overt portrayal and indirect satire. Gay's approach to political issues is examined alongside that of Dean Swift's Gulliver's Travels enabling an estimation to be made of the effectiveness of these art media as tools of political propaganda. Similarly, responses in the field of painting are discussed in the light of representative works of James Thornhill and William Hogarth's A Harlot's Progress and A Rake's Progress. In considering all these responses it is noted that art can be interpreted at differing levels, from the sophisticated to the naive. All these art media are then placed in the context of artistic philosophy of the period, thus facilitating an objective assessment of the parallels and differences of art's responses to contemporary issues. Taking into account inherent limitations in the media, to conclude our study, Hogarth's The Beggar's Opera Scenes are compared and contrasted with Gay's prototype. The thesis highlights the trend towards realism in the arts during this period. Nevertheless, we are left with the conundrum that art, 'per se', can only 'mirror' life. It does not necessarily solve its problems. Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Music. University of Durham Department of Music 198
Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
No full textApproaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups
Maternal Child Attachment and Perinatal Depression
No full textABSTRACT
Traditionally, pregnancy has been thought of as a period of well-being and happiness. The pregnancy state itself has been thought to protect women from depression. However, women of child-bearing age frequently suffer from major depression. Approximately 10 to 15% of women experience a clinically significant major depressive episode during pregnancy or the early postpartum period. These prevalences predominantly reflect rates of depressive symptoms in developed countries; there is evidence that rates of depression change aspect widely in non-developed countries. In addition to the distress and impairment experienced by depressed women, depression during this time period is associated with further adverse outcomes for both mother and child. Women who experience perinatal depressive episodes are at increased risk for subsequent episodes of both postpartum and non-postpartum depression.
Anxiety symptoms are frequently reported by pregnant women and are often considered as part of the normal psychic experiences of pregnancy, especially if they are focused on the baby's health or on future maternal competencies.
The emotional image of the baby inside is what is called the mother fetus relationship.
Cranley (1981) describes the nature of mother’s experiences as ‘physical and kinesthetic awareness of the fetus’, and an ‘intellectual knowledge of her child’.
Nowadays, the concept of prenatal attachment is more accurately defined and it generally refers to the maternal–fetal relationship, which normally develops during the pregnancy; it represents the earlier internalized representation of the fetus that both parents typically acquire and elaborate. Pregnancy can also represent a crisis period for many women, with manifest effect on antenatal attachment. Condon and Corkindale (1997) explore the hypothesis that feelings of anxiety or depression and lack of social support would be an interference issue in the development of maternal antenatal attachment. Women characterized by low attachment are associated with high levels of depression and anxiety, weak external social support, and high control and criticism in the partner relationship.
Antepartum depression is also common in women with a history of depressive illness, such that some researchers now believe pregnancy to be a risk factor for a mood disorder in those with such a history.
Despite the prevalence of depression during pregnancy and the growing body of literature associated with its treatment, whether pharmacologic or otherwise, large numbers of women are untreated.
Also “parental-fetal attachment” or perinatal term has been created to define the specific bond that parents develop towards the fetus during pregnancy. Since Winnicott’s (1958) concept of a pregnant woman’s “primary maternal preoccupation”, the quality of the parent-prenatal emotional bond has been considered as particularly important for the subsequent attachment relationship and for the infant’s psychological development.
In 1981 Cranley defined the “maternal-fetal attachment” construct and created a tool to measure it. The author describes the nature of mother’s experiences as ‘physical and kinesthetic awareness of the fetus’, and an ‘intellectual knowledge of her child’. Nowadays a specific field of research which studies the characteristics of the emotional bond which parents-to-be develop is progressively growing. Some aspects of current knowledge relating to development of prenatal attachment and the implication of low levels of prenatal attachment and risk to the fetus, is considered in this study.
Aim of the study:
The aim of this study was to assess the quality of maternal child attachment on mothers enrolled in post partum during the first month after delivery .The sample has been compared with a group of women enrolled during the first month of pregnancy and followed for twelve months like the sample of the previous study. Furthermore, we investigated the differences between the women enrolled in first month of pregnancy and after delivery. We tried to find a correlation looking at score on maternal attachment scale (MAAS) and a possible development of depression (EPDS ≥12), anxiety symptoms (STAI-Y ≥40). Even risk factors during pregnancy has been evaluated to assess the specific role of antenatal attachment as risk factor for depression (EPDS≥12), as anxiety symptoms (STAI ≥ 40) during pregnancy.
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Methods: The PND-ReScU II® study is a naturalistic longitudinal study deputated to found risks factors and a possible role of psychiatric and psychopathological prevention on perinatal disorders. This study has been performed in five Clinical Center in Tuscany (Italy) in cooperation with U.O. II Department of Psychiatry and Gynecology Department of the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AOUP). Women has been randomized and enrolled in the study during pregnancy on the first month and on the first month after delivery.
From January to August 2010 a sample of women (N= 946) by the Perinatal Research and Screening Unit (PND-ReScU). The Perinatal Depression-Research and Screening Unit (PND-ReScU) is based on an ongoing collaboration between the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Biotechnologies of the AUOP. The primary aim of the PND-ReScU was to evaluate the effectiveness of screening for early identification and the intervention strategies to reduce and treat mood disorders in the perinatal period.
Furthermore, PND-ReScU aims were looking for individualized a battery of instruments that can be easily administered in a primary prevention setting.
Women were recruited for the study during pregnancy, at the time of delivery of the pregnancy book, or in the immediate post-partum period (during hospitalization). To have a significative relevance it was estimated to enroll 320 women during post partum period and 320 women during pregnancy. In June 2010, 491 women were recruited during post partum and at the end of August 2010 there were enrolled 455 women during pregnancy.
Instruments:
Symptoms of maternal depression were assessed using the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Cox et al., 1987). The Post-partum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R) (Beck, 2002) was used to identify the risk factors for PPD. Prenatal and postnatalmaternal attachment were assessed using the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS) and Maternal and paternal antenatal attachment scale (MPAS). Anxiety symptoms were assessed using STAI-Y ( State Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y-1.)
Statistical analysis:
Data are presented as means (standard deviations), or percentages.
Chi-square tests were used to compare percentages and
ANOVA were used to compare mean scores.
Using analysis of variance (ANOVA) was able to compare two groups of data comparing the internal variability in these groups with the variability between groups.
To check the intensity and direction of the relationships between depression and maternal attachment to the fetus and risk factors, was performed Pearson bivariate correlation.
Analyses were conducted using SPSS, version 15.
Results:
Eligible women were 1363 , 455 (48%) recruited during pregnancy and 491 (52%) during post partum; among them, 417 (30,6%) refusedto partecipate in the study. The mean age in the first group G1 is 32.75± 4,84 and in the second gropu G2 is 33.39±4,81 years old, and in unrolled women (G3) is 32.5 ± 5.7 years old. Other sociodemographic variabilites had been evaluated and χ2 has been performed test fo find significant differences among the three groups. Most of the women of the three groups were married (G 1: n=381, 90.9%; G 2: n=389, 89.8%; G3 n=353, 87.2%); there were no differences in the groups (χ2= 8.48; p=0.01). Looking at the sample most part of women had Italian nationality bwhile unenrolled women showed almosty foreign nationality (χ2= 63.12*, p< 0,01) . 61.6% of the sample is composed of women at the first pregnancy.
A comparison between the scales administered for the two groups ( G1, G2) was performed at the first month of post partum period at T4 during the first month of pregnancy ( G1,T4; G2 T4 bis). The EPDS mean score s were 3,37 (±3,37) in the first group and the second group scored 6,3(±4,2; p=0.01) , the STAI mean scores were 45,4(±3,8) and 44,6(±3,7) in G1 and G2 respectively.
The PDPI-R mean scores were 27,5(±2,8) in G1 and 3,83 (±3,2) in G2 (p<.003) during pregnancy and 3.5 (±3.4) in G1 and 4.95(3,6) in G2 (p<.001) during post partum.
The average of the MAAS total scores at T2 ( 6° month of pregnancy) was 76.95 ± 6.3, while at T3( 8° month of pregnancy) , the average was 78.54 ± 6.29.
Considering the MAAS T2 Preoccupation subscale the average is 28.12 ± 4.2 and 29.33 ± 4.21 at T3.
Considering the Quality of Attachment subscale MAAS, the average was 47.2 ± 3.29, and 47.71 ± 2.98 at T2 and T3 respectively. Correlation between depression during pregnancy, good antenatal attachment , anxiety symptoms and risk factors is reported for PDD during pregnancy
In our sample we don’t find any association between antenatal maternal attachment and demographic characteristics except for women in their first pregnancy in which we discover higher MAAS scores than other women in sample.
Conclusions:
In the last five decades the study on the maternal attachment show a primary role for the future development of the newborn. For this reason it is essential that treatment providers in obstetric offices, primary care settings, and mental health clinics be attuned to the signs of anxiety disorders (Weisberg and Paquette, 2002). In our research we try to find the consequences of depression on newborns. We find a negative relationship between the develop of a attachment and depressive symptoms during pregnancy .
The quality of attachment in this record seems to be poor in mothers with depression and more risks factor for PDD during pregnancy.
In particular, as regards the analysis of the qualitative aspects of attachment in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the data confirmed a negative correlation between attachment, depressive symptoms and risk factors for the whole period of pregnancy.
Analysis of data for the period following childbirth, we found that women enrolled in the first month post-partum have an increased vulnerability to risk factors for developing postpartum depression than women enrolled in the first month of pregnancy , both with respect to the period of pregnancy (p <.003) that the postpartum period (p <.001); probably early screening and the role of caregivers in this study may have acted as protective factors.
Women enrolled in post-partum seem to have a different perception about respect to family support, support from friends and the partner, and seem to experienced higher difficulties regarding health problems, sleep and temperament in the newborn. The women in group 2, as assumed from the data of PDPI-R, were significantly more depressed than in group 1, presenting an attachment toward their child's worst than the first group. Preliminary data of our study, which appear to be the first, to our knowledge, because explores both pregnant and post-partum periods, seem to confirm this assumption and emphasize the importance of an early screening of depressive phenomenal at the earliest stages of pregnancy
How Health Behaviors Relate to Academic Performance via Affect : An Intensive Longitudinal Study
No full textThis intensive longitudinal study examined how sleep and physical activity relate to university students' affect and academic performance during a stressful examination period.; On 32 consecutive days, 72 first-year students answered online questionnaires on their sleep quality, physical activity, positive and negative affect, learning goal achievement, and examination grades. First-year university students are particularly well-suited to test our hypotheses: They represent a relatively homogeneous population in a natural, but controlled setting, and simultaneously deal with similar stressors, such as examinations. Data were analyzed using multilevel structural equation models.; Over the examination period, better average sleep quality but not physical activity predicted better learning goal achievement. Better learning goal achievement was associated with increased probability of passing all examinations. Relations of average sleep quality and average physical activity with learning goal achievement were mediated by experienced positive affect. In terms of day-to-day dynamics, on days with better sleep quality, participants reported better learning goal achievement. Day-to-day physical activity was not related to daily learning goal achievement. Daily positive and negative affect both mediated the effect of day-to-day sleep quality and physical activity on daily learning goal achievement.; Health behaviors such as sleep quality and physical activity seem important for both academic performance and affect experience, an indicator of mental health, during a stressful examination period. These results are a first step toward a better understanding of between- and within-person variations in health behaviors, affect, and academic performance, and could inform prevention and intervention programs for university students
FIGURAÇÕES DA MULHER INDÍGENA EM A MULHER HABITADA, DE GIOCONDA BELLI: UM ESTUDO SOB A PERSPECTIVA PÓS-COLONIAL
No full textNext, we analyze the work A mulher habitada (2000), by Gioconda Belli. Which discusses the nationality of the author, starting from the flow of indigenous origins in Nicaragua in the 16th century, configured by the Itzá indigenous female character, and starring Lavinia who breaks the paradigms of patriarchal society and presents themes around social suppression and oppression. In this sense, Belli (2000) further discusses the construction of female identity, gender, violence, power relations, ethnicity, politics, economy. Not referring to romance, the author focuses on the role of women in society, presenting us as the female subject that recovers vestiges of a repressed memory by hegemonic power, with marks in the ideological process of invisibility of the figure of women, a problematic rooted in the intention of pretended superiority from the Eurocentric perspective. It highlights aspects of feminist criticism and identity perspectives. The theoretical assumptions will be based on scholars and literary critics who deal with the topics listed, such as: Nicaraguan literature, Belli (2000); Contijo (2019); Randall (1989), to address post-colonial quests, Quijano (2005); Spivak (2010), on identity, Stuart Hall (20015), Homi Bhabha (2019) to discuss indigenous guidelines OliveriGodet (2019), Potiguara (2014) among other researchers who dialogue with the research content.Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo refletir sobre as figurações da mulher indígena em A mulher habitada (2000), de Gioconda Belli. O romance imprime questões ligadas a nacionalidade da autora, partindo do fluxo das origens indígenas em Nicarágua no século XVI, configurado pela personagem feminina indígena Itzá, e protagonizado também por Lavinia que rompem os paradigmas limitantes da sociedade patriarcal em contexto, além de apresentar eixos temáticos em torno da supressão e opressão social, a qual as mulheres latino-americanas estavam expostas. Nesse sentido, Belli (2000) discute ainda, sobre a construção da identidade feminina, gênero, violência, relações de poder, etnia, política, economia. No referido romance, a autora focaliza o papel da mulher na sociedade, nos apresentando o sujeito feminino que recupera vestígios de uma memória reprimida pelo poder hegemônico, com marcas no processo ideológico de invisibilidade da figura da mulher, uma problemática enraizada pela intenção de superioridade pretendida pela perspectiva eurocêntrica. Destarte, este estudo atesta discussões pertinentes a teoria Pós-Colonial. Aponta aspectos da crítica feminista e vieses identitários, mostrando assim, a ambivalência catártica da composição pluralista no ensejo das questões anticolonialistas apresentadas na superfície textual das temáticas indígenas. A pesquisa proposta terá como procedimento metodológico análise bibliográfica com caráter qualitativo. Para tanto, os pressupostos teóricos estarão baseados em estudiosos e críticos-literários que versam sobre as temáticas elencadas, como: literatura nicaraguense, Belli (2000); Contijo (2019); Randall (1989), para abordar as questões pós-coloniais, Quijano (2005); Spivak (2010), sobre identidade, Stuart Hall (20015), Homi Bhabha (2019) para pontuar as pautas indígenas Oliveri-Godet (2019), Potiguara (2014) entre outros pesquisadores que dialogam com o conteúdo da pesquis
Asymptotic arbitrage in fractional mixed markets
No full textWe consider a family of mixed processes given as the sum of a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H∈(3/4,1) and a multiple of an independent standard Brownian motion, the family being indexed by the scaling factor in front of the Brownian motion. We analyze the underlying markets with methods from large financial markets. More precisely, we show the existence of a strong asymptotic arbitrage (defined as in Kabanov and Kramkov [Finance Stoch. 2(2), 143–172 (1998)]) when the scaling factor converges to zero. We apply a result of Kabanov and Kramkov [Finance Stoch. 2(2), 143–172 (1998)] that characterizes the notion of strong asymptotic arbitrage in terms of the entire asymptotic separation of two sequences of probability measures. The main part of the paper consists of proving the entire separation and is based on a dichotomy result for sequences of Gaussian measures and the concept of relative entropy.© 2018 The Author(s
Novel Approach Identifies SNPs in SLC2A10 and KCNK9 with Evidence for Parent-of-Origin Effect on Body Mass Index
No full textThe phenotypic effect of some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) depends on their parental origin. We present a novel approach to detect parent-of-origin effects (POEs) in genome-wide genotype data of unrelated individuals. The method exploits increased phenotypic variance in the heterozygous genotype group relative to the homozygous groups. We applied the method to >56,000 unrelated individuals to search for POEs influencing body mass index (BMI). Six lead SNPs were carried forward for replication in five family-based studies (of ~4,000 trios). Two SNPs replicated: the paternal rs2471083-C allele (located near the imprinted KCNK9 gene) and the paternal rs3091869-T allele (located near the SLC2A10 gene) increased BMI equally (beta = 0.11 (SD), P<0.0027) compared to the respective maternal alleles. Real-time PCR experiments of lymphoblastoid cell lines from the CEPH families showed that expression of both genes was dependent on parental origin of the SNPs alleles (P<0.01). Our scheme opens new opportunities to exploit GWAS data of unrelated individuals to identify POEs and demonstrates that they play an important role in adult obesity. © 2014 Hoggart et al
