63,017 research outputs found
Echinococcus multilocularis in North America: the big unknown
No full textOver the last decade, studies have begun to shed light on the distribution and genetic characterization of
Echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis (AE), in North America. Recent findings
indicate that the parasite is likely expanding its range in the central region of the United States and Canada and that
invasions of European strains might have occurred. In our review, we present the available data on E. multilocularis
infections in wild and domestic animals and humans in North America and emphasize the lack of knowledge on the
distribution of the parasite in wild and domestic hosts. Furthermore, we stress the need to better understand the complexity
of host communities and their roles in shaping the transmission and distribution of the parasite. We hypothesize
that a lack of knowledge about AE by North American physicians might result in the misdiagnosis of cases and
an underestimation of disease incidence. The endemic presence of the parasite in urban areas and a recent human case
in Alberta, Canada, suggest that the scientific community may need to reconsider the local public health risks,
re-assess past cases that might have been overlooked and increase surveillance efforts to identify new cases of human
AE
Erratum to: Effect of moderate red wine intake on cardiac prognosis after recent acute myocardial infarction of subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Diabetic Medicine, (2006), 23, 9, (974-981), 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01886.x)
No full textIn an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola.In an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Faust : Romance Of The Secret Tribunals / By George W. M. Reynolds, Author Of "The Mysteries Of London", "Pickwick Abroad", &c. Illustrated In The First Style Of The Art
No full textFAUST : ROMANCE OF THE SECRET TRIBUNALS / BY GEORGE W. M. REYNOLDS, AUTHOR OF "THE MYSTERIES OF LONDON", "PICKWICK ABROAD", &C. ILLUSTRATED IN THE FIRST STYLE OF THE ART
Faust : Romance Of The Secret Tribunals / By George W. M. Reynolds, Author Of "The Mysteries Of London", "Pickwick Abroad", &c. Illustrated In The First Style Of The Art (1)
Cover (1)
Umschlagtitel (8)
Titelseite (9)
Contents (10)
Illustrations / Prologue (11)
Prologue (12)
Chapter I.-XCV. (14)
Epilogue (119
Echinococcosis on the Tibetan Plateau
No full textThe Tibetan plateau of western China has been shown to have a very high prevalence
of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus and human
alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, with the
domestic dog suspected of being the primary definitive host for the transmission of
both parasites to humans in this locality. A purgation study of 371 dogs in Shiqu
County, Sichuan Province during 2002 – 2003 resulted in an E. multilocularis
prevalence of 12% and an E. granulosus prevalence of 8%. These crude prevalences
were then adjusted, based on the known sensitivity of arecoline purgation for the
detection of E. granulosus and a suggested sensitivity for the detection of E.
multilocularis. In addition, it was assumed that some immature parasites of either
species could be misidentified morphologically and wrongly assigned. This resulted in
credible true prevalence intervals of between 13 – 33% for E. multilocularis and 8 –
19% for E. granulosus. Risk factors associated with the acquisition of canine
echinococcosis were evaluated based on responses to a questionnaire administered to
dog owners. Male dogs were more likely to be infected with Echinococcus spp. than
female dogs (P < 0.05) and dogs allowed to roam were more likely to be infected with
E. multilocularis (P < 0.05). E. granulosus and E. multilocularis abundance and
prevalence were then fit to mathematical models to evaluate transmission parameters.
Abundance based models, assuming the presence and absence of immunity, were fit
for both parasites using Bayesian priors, maximum likelihood techniques, and Monte
Carlo resampling techniques. When the models were compared, using the likelihood
ratio test for nested models, the model assuming the presence of immunity was the
best fit for E. granulosus infection, with a mean abundance of 80 parasites per dog
and an average infection pressure of 560 parasites per year. In contrast, the model
assuming the absence of immunity was the best fit for E. multilocularis infection, with
a mean abundance of 131 parasites per dog, and an average infection pressure of 334
or 533 parasites per year assuming a 5 or 3 month parsite lifespan respectively. The
prevalence data for both parasites was then fit to a set of differential equations
modeling the transition between infection states in order to determine number of
infectious insults per year. Infection pressure was 0.21, with a 95% credibility interval
of 0.12 – 0.41, infections per year for E. granulosus and 0.52, with a 95% credibility
interval of 0.29 – 0.77, infections per year for E. multilocularis, assuming a 5 month parasite lifespan or 0.85, with a 95% credibility interval of 0.47 – 1.25, infections per
year, assuming a 3 month E. multilocularis lifespan in dogs.
Since Shiqu County has an extremely high prevalence of both human AE and CE, the
SF-12 v2 quality of life survey was utilized to evaluate the extent to which morbidity
associated with echinococcosis should be accounted, and verified a significant
reduction in mean health scores for individuals diagnosed with abdominal
echinococcosis compared to an age and gender cross-matched population. Results of
an ultrasound survey, which screened 3135 subjects, indicated a prevalence of
approximately 5% for both AE and CE and an adjusted overall combined prevalence
of 9.5%. The burden of disease associated with echinococcosis, utilizing disability
adjusted life years (DALYs), was calculated using Monte-Carlo techniques to model
uncertainty in the prevalence estimates and disability weights. Total numbers of
DALYs lost due to echinococcosis, for the current population of 63,000, was
estimated to be 50,933 (95% CI 41,995 – 61,026) and suggests an average of
approximately 0.81 DALY lost per person. Human losses, associated with treatment
costs and loss of income due to morbidity and mortality, in addition to production
losses in sheep, goats, and yaks due to E. granulosus infection were also evaluated. A
control program based on the biannual deworming of dogs with praziquantel and the
vaccination of sheep and goats was then suggested based on the infection pressure of
E. granulosus and E. multilocularis for the region. The median estimated cost of the
program would be approximately U.S.150 per DALY averted, however,
cost per DALY averted would be less than U.S.$25 dollars for the human health
sector if cost-sharing was implemented between the public health and agricultural
sectors based on proportional benefit from control
Erratum to: Effects of nutraceuticals on quality of life and sexual function of perimenopausal women (Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, (2017), 40, 1, (27-32), 10.1007/s40618-016-0500-2)
No full textUnfortunately, one of the co-author first name was wrongly published in the original version. The complete correct name of the co-author is given below. A. M. C. Rapisarda. The original version of this article is also updated
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ice Recrystallization Kinetics in the Presence of Synthetic Antifreeze Glycoprotein Analogues Using the Framework of LSW Theory
No full textBudke C, Heggemann C, Koch M, Sewald N, Koop T. Ice Recrystallization Kinetics in the Presence of Synthetic Antifreeze Glycoprotein Analogues Using the Framework of LSW Theory. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2009;113(9):2865-2873.The Ostwald ripening of polycrystalline ice in aqueous Sucrose Solutions was investigated experimentally. The kinetics of this ice recrystallization process was studied at temperatures between -6 and -10 degrees C and varying ice volume fractions. Using the theory of Lifshitz, Slyozov, and Wagner (LSW), the diffusion-limited rate constant for ice recrystallization was determined. Also, the effects of synthetic analogues of natural antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGP) were studied. These analogues synAFGPmi (i = 3-5) contained monosaccharide side groups instead of disaccharide side groups that occur in natural AFGP. In order to account for the inhibition effect of the synAFGPmi, we have modified classical LSW theory, allowing for the derivation of inhibition rate constants. It was found that the investigated synAFGPmi inhibit ice recrystallization at concentrations down to similar to 3 mu g mL(-1) or, equivalently, similar to 1 mu mol L-1 for the largest synAFGPmi investigated: synAFGPm5. Hence, our new method is capable of quantitatively assessing the efficiency of very similar AFGP with a sensitivity that is at least 2 orders of magnitude larger than that typical for quantitative thermal hysteresis measurements
C M Taylor Keylogging Data: 17 Oct 2014 – 07 Nov 2014
No full textThis dataset is comprised of keylogging data from the author C M Taylor captured October 2014; Keystroke files: 17/10/2014 – 07/11/2014. This data was created using keylogging software Spectre Pro (SpectreSoft) installed on a dedicated IBM Thinkpad laptop and then exported as TXT and RTF files. They can be used for image and text analysis, teaching, art projects, or anything else of inspiration
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