257 research outputs found
UEG916681 Supplemental Material - Supplemental material for European guidelines on chronic mesenteric ischaemia – joint United European Gastroenterology, European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology, Netherlands Association of Hepatogastroenterologists, Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, and Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study group clinical guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic mesenteric ischaemia
No full textSupplemental material, UEG916681 Supplemental Material for European guidelines on chronic mesenteric ischaemia – joint United European Gastroenterology, European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology, Netherlands Association of Hepatogastroenterologists, Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, and Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study group clinical guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic mesenteric ischaemia by Luke G Terlouw, Adriaan Moelker, Jan Abrahamsen, Stefan Acosta, Olaf J Bakker, Iris Baumgartner, Louis Boyer, Olivier Corcos, Louisa JD van Dijk, Mansur Duran, Robert H Geelkerken, Giulio Illuminati, Ralph W Jackson, Jussi M Kärkkäinen, Jeroen J Kolkman, Lars Lönn, Maria A Mazzei, Alexandre Nuzzo, Felice Pecoraro, Jan Raupach, Hence JM Verhagen, Christoph J Zech, Desirée van Noord and Marco J Bruno in United European Gastroenterology Journal</p
Cahn-Hilliard / Navier-Stokes model for the simulation of three-phase flows
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, we describe some aspects of the diffuse interface modelling of incompressible flows, composed of three immiscible components, without phase change. In the diffuse interface methods, system evolution is driven by the minimisation of a free energy. The originality of our approach, derived from the Cahn-Hilliard model, comes from the par- ticular form of energy we proposed in Boyer and Lapuerta (M2AN Math Model Numer Anal, 40:653-987,2006), which, among other interesting properties, ensures consistency with the two-phase model. The modelling of three-phase flows is further completed by coupling the Cahn-Hilliard system and the Navier-Stokes equations where surface tensions are taken into account through volume capillary forces. These equations are discretized in time and space paying attention to the fact that most of the main properties of the original model (volume conservation and energy estimate) have to be maintained at the discrete level. An adaptive refinement method is finally used to obtain an accurate resolution of very thin moving internal layers, while limiting the total number of cells in the grids all along the simulation. Different numerical results are given, from the validation case of the lens spreading between two phases (contact angles and pressure jumps), to the study of mass transfer through a liquid/liquid inter- face crossed by a single rising gas bubble. The numerical applications are performed with large ratio between densities and viscosities and three different surface tensions
Advancing Urban Microclimate Monitoring: The Development of an Environmental Data Measurement Station Using a Low-Tech Approach
No full textInternational audienceResearchers studying urban climates aim to understand phenomena like urban heat islands (UHIs), which describe temperature differences between urban and rural areas. However, studies often lack numerous measurement points and frequently overlook parameters like radiation and air velocity due to the high cost of precision instrumentation. This results in data with a low resolution, particularly in tropical cities where official weather stations are scarce. This research introduces a new, low-tech tool for district-level outdoor thermal comfort assessment and UHI characterization to address these challenges. The automated weather station employs sensors to measure temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and globe temperature. The paper details these sensors’ rigorous selection and validation process, followed by a description of the sensor assembly, data acquisition chain, and network operation mechanisms. Calibration outcomes in laboratory and in situ environments highlight the station’s reliability, even in tropical conditions. In conclusion, this weather station offers a cost-effective solution to gathering high-resolution data in urban areas, enabling an improved understanding of the UHI phenomenon and the refinement of urban microclimate numerical models
Enhancing microclimate modeling in tropical climates: validation of Envi-Met with experimental data from Reunion Island
No full textInternational audienceUrban microclimate modeling is essential for planning future developments to adapt to climate change. Tools like ENVI-met, developed in Germany, have been widely validated in temperate climates, but have only rarely been comprehensively evaluated in tropical environments, especially across multiple urban climate parameters relevant to thermal comfort. This study evaluates Envi-met using a network of ten lowtech weather stations deployed in a neighborhood of Réunion Island. The results show good agreement for air temperature (M AE ≈ 1°C, R 2 ≈ 0.8) and relative humidity (R 2 ≈ 0.6), and acceptable performance for radiation. However, wind speed is systematically overestimated (M AE ≈ 2m/s), which may affect thermal comfort indices. Despite this, ENVImet remains a suitable tool for supporting UHI mitigation strategies in tropical urban planning. Key Innovations• First validation of Envi-met model in tropical climate of Reunion Island over an extended 72hour period with a dense network of measurement points. • Holistic validation of ENVI-met with multiple parameters (temperature, humidity, wind, radiation and outdoor thermal comfort) and multiple sensors over two seasons. • Analysis of wind speed and radiation biases, often overlooked in previous studies, to better understand their impact on thermal comfort indices like UTCI. Practical ImplicationsENVI-met has proven to be a reliable tool for assessing urban heat island mitigation strategies in tropical climates. However, accurate input data, especially for wind and radiation, remain essential, as misestimations can distort thermal comfort results and compromise urban design outcomes.</p
In-situ observations for analyzing urban overheating in tropical island contexts: A case study from Reunion Island
No full textInternational audienceClimate change poses escalating risks to urban populations, particularly in tropical regions where vulnerability is projected to rise, as highlighted in the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report. Among these risks, the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect—marked by elevated temperatures in urban areas relative to their rural surroundings—is amplified by urban densification. However, research on UHIs and their impacts remains limited in tropical settings, especially on small islands where unique climatic and geographic conditions exacerbate the issue.This study delivers the first detailed analysis of urban overheating impacts at the district scale on Reunion Island. Using a network of low-tech environmental sensors, we conducted high-resolution in situ measurements of key atmospheric variables, including air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. These microscale observations allowed for a precise assessment of the spatial variability of heat within the urban fabric and enabled the calculation of thermal comfort indices to fully capture the effects of urban overheating.Preliminary results show that despite its modest population of approximately 850,000, Reunion Island exhibits a significant UHI effect, with temperature differentials exceeding 2°C between urban and rural areas. Furthermore, shading plays a critical role in mitigating heat stress, as evidenced by differences in the Universal Thermal Climate Index of up to 5°C between shaded and unshaded zones within the same neighborhood. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating shading, vegetation, and optimized urban morphology to enhance outdoor thermal comfort in tropical climates.By demonstrating the value of in situ environmental observations in understanding urban overheating challenges, this study provides actionable insights for policymakers and urban planners. It underscores the importance of targeted mitigation strategies, such as increasing vegetation coverage and promoting natural ventilation, to reduce the impacts of UHIs in tropical island urban environments
Local level institutional complementarities in contemporary China
No full textThis paper has the objective of bringing to light and comparing two different types of institutional arrangements existing in two different prefecture-level cities in China: Nanjing and Suzhou. Although both are considered affluent cities, and located in the same broad economic area, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the same sub-provincial region, Southern Jiangsu, the cities present markedly distinct local institutional arrangements and accumulation regimes. The paper argues that the historical legacies of Nanjing and Suzhou have moulded the distinct institutional arrangements found in both cities, and that institutional path-dependences shaped the policies and strategies the cities decided to implement, eventually leading to distinct accumulation regimes. This study privileges a political economy definition of institutions (Amable, 2003; Boyer, 1988), and employs the concept of institutional complementarities (Amable, 2016; Aoki, 1994) in order to tackle the institutional arrangements of Nanjing and Suzhou. Initially, the paper introduces the debate on the nature of China’s state, arguing that the country is better characterized by its internal institutional heterogeneities, and that these heterogeneities often reveal themselves at subnational levels. Then the paper proceeds by presenting the analytical framework employed in this research and, after introducing the definitions of institutions and institutional complementarities, a comparison between Nanjing and Suzhou is presented. The final sections summarize the institutional characteristics and accumulation regimes found in both cities and conclude with the analysis.Cet article a pour objectif d’explorer et de comparer les voies de développement économique suivies par deux villes implantées dans différentes préfectures en Chine : Nanjing et Suzhou. Ces deux villes partagent certaines similarités : elles sont considérées affluentes en Chine, sont situées dans la même vaste zone économique, au delta du fleuve Yangtze (YRD), et dans la même région infraprovinciale au sud du Jiangsu. Cependant, ces villes présentent des modèles nettement distincts d’arrangements institutionnels locaux et de régimes d’accumulation. Ce texte propose que les héritages historiques propres à chacune de ces villes (Nanjing et Suzhou) ont contribué à façonner leurs modes respectifs d’arrangements institutionnels distincts, alors que l’appartenance aux institutions aura influencé les politiques et stratégies adoptées par Nanjing et Suzhou, conduisant finalement à des régimes d’accumulation distincts. Cette étude s’appuie sur une définition d’économie politique des institutions établie par Robert Boyer (1988) et Bruno Amable (2003) et mobilise le concept de complémentarité institutionnelle (Amable, 2016 ; Aoki, 1994) pour analyser les arrangements institutionnels de Nanjing et de Suzhou. En premier lieu, cet article ouvre le débat sur la nature de l’État chinois, en suggérant que le pays est surtout défini par ses hétérogénéités institutionnelles internes, lesquelles se retrouvent fréquemment à leur tour au niveau infranational. L’article se poursuit par la présentation du cadre analytique employé dans cette recherche. Il précise ensuite les définitions des institutions et des complémentarités institutionnelles et présente une comparaison entre Nanjing et Suzhou en termes d’arrangements institutionnels. Les dernières sections résument les caractéristiques institutionnelles et les régimes d’accumulation observés dans les deux villes et concluent l’analyse
Situation et représentation dans l'œuvre de François Bon
No full textNé en 1953, François Bon publie son premier livre, Sortie d'usine, en 1982. Étudier ses textes, c'est se consacrer à une œuvre qui donne une place éminente à une nouvelle confrontation avec le réel. Sans oublier « l'ère du soupçon » qu'a représenté le nouveau roman ni l'apport immense des « années théoriques », ses textes ne cessent de renouveler la manière dont la littérature réinvestit l'écart qui existe entre le réel et sa représentation, entre le monde et la langue, en assumant la rupture qui les sépare, mais sans conclure à l'impossibilité totale de nouer des liens, de construire des ponts, fussent-ils secrets ou fragiles. Les trois textes qui font l'objet de ce travail, Calvaire des chiens (1990), Temps machine (1993) et Paysage fer (1999), ont été choisis parce qu'ils constituent autant de manières dont la littérature peut aujourd'hui construire le rapport entre le réel et sa représentation et parce qu'ils sont des jalons majeurs dans l'œuvre de François Bon
Importância da FURG no desenvolvimento econômico-social do município do Rio Grande
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração.Responsabilidade social é um dos temas mais discutidos e que vem apresentado destaque na contemporaneidade, especialmente no que tange ao âmbito organizacional. A relevância conferida ao assunto expressa a necessidade das empresas adotarem o conceito como uma necessidade vital, sobretudo quando pressentem os resultados, decorrentes da melhoria de sua imagem perante a sociedade. Mas a preocupação, no que se refere às questões sociais, não se restringe ao segmento empresarial, existindo há um tempo bem mais longínquo em instituições como as universidades públicas. Estas vêm passando por um momento em que diversos atores têm associado sua imagem a de uma instituição elitista, que atinge apenas uma pequena parcela da população, constituindo-se particularmente em uma elevada fonte de custos. Porém, a universidade é uma instituição que, desde sua criação, tem na própria sociedade a sua essencial razão de existir, e ao longo dos tempos tem procurado intensificar suas ações em prol do beneficio social, por meio das atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, atingindo em especial as regiões onde encontram-se inseridas. Este trabalho objetiva trazer à tona a importância da Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG) para o desenvolvimento do município do Rio Grande, recorte realizado por questões metodológicas, já que se sabe que a ação universitária tem uma abrangência que transcende em muito a localidade, com vistas a que seja conhecida a atuação da universidade em termos de responsabilidade social; para que posteriormente possa-se divulgar de forma transparente e fundamentada o verdadeiro papel que vem sendo exercido pela instituição ao longo de sua trajetória. Trata-se, portanto, de um estudo de caso, de cunho eminentemente qualitativo, com uma abordagem descritiva, sendo explorados dados de fontes primárias e secundárias. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a FURG tem exercido ao longo de sua existência um papel de instituição responsável perante a sociedade, contribuindo, além da formação de profissionais em diversas áreas e níveis, com ações que trazem consigo uma parcela significativa, e até mesmo decisiva para a melhoria das condições de vida da comunidade e o desenvolvimento econômico-social do município do Rio Grande, RS
Fatal case of enterovirus 71 infection and rituximab therapy, france, 2012.
No full textInternational audienc
- …
