33 research outputs found
The application of slapping technique and embellishment of power by Marcus Miller / Muhammad Raziq Abd Wahab and Nik Ahmad Shaufiq Nik Iskandar Ariffin
Get PDFDouble thumbing, thumb muting, and pop muting techniques are the embellishments for Slapping technique in modern bass playing. A lot of bass players nowadays use this technique for the bass. These techniques are mostly used in Funk and Fusion songs. A composer named Marcus Miller managed to emulate the Slapping techniques and embellishment in his composition. There are several of his works that have slapping techniques that is included in his composition. For this study, the author selected one of Marcus’s composition entitled, ‘Power’. There are several slapping and embellishment techniques in this piece. The main purpose of this study is to identify the application of Slapping technique and embellishment of “ Power” by Marcus Miller. This study suggests that several objectives to investigate the challenges of applying slapping techniques on bass guitar and to find out the approach to practice the slapping technique and embellishment of “power” by Marcus Miller. The author did several interviews to get the finding of the study. The interview was conducted among one bass guitar lecturers, and three bass guitar students, in the Faculty of Music, UiTM Shah Alam. The author used a smartphone to record the conversation during the interview sessions. The author used Google Meet application and recorded it by using the voice recorder application that has been installed on the phone and laptop. The author also analyzes the ‘Power’ score to investigate the slapping techniques and embellishment in the piece. The most primary result shows that the application of techniques use on these pieces was slightly the same for most of the bass player. The application of techniques for this piece is attacking the string with thumb pull and muting the string with right or left finger, most of the participant also adds embellishment which is referred to as a “ghost note’ in playing this piece
Dekonstruksi Informasi Berita Opini “Perjuangan Berat Menjaga Bahasa Jawa
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to reveal the online news discourse contained in the "Kedaulatan Rakyat" newspaper entitled "Perjuangan Berat Menjaga Bahasa Jawa", which was published on November 30, 2023 and is on page 11. In this discourse, the researcher wants to deconstruct opinion news information in the realm of news structure, the purpose of using language in the article, and the style of language used by the author named Sarworo Soeprapto. The method used is the textual analysis method combined with the concept of deconstruction. While the qualitative method is a research procedure that produces descriptive data. The results of the study illustrate that the first structure in the form of an introduction is presented with a unique paragraph and attracts the attention of readers, namely in the form of a quote from a Javanese campursari song that is currently a hit, namely a song entitled "Nemen". The presentation of a brief background or context regarding the topic to be discussed and describing the issues or problems that are the focus of the opinion is presented appropriately. The second structure, the content section, reviews the author's opinions and views on the issues discussed with precise and clear explanations accompanied by the author's opinions and facts in the field. The third structure in the form of a conclusion, the author concludes and recapitulates the arguments explained and strengthens his opinion statement. The purpose of the article is to express the subjective opinion of the author, build awareness and understanding, and encourage change and action. In addition, the style of language also plays a role in this article. The use of good and easy-to-understand grammar but there is also an idiomatic style of language in the word 'macan ompong' which means someone who looks fierce and scary but actually can't do anything or more simply a ruler without power, something that looks strong but is actually weak. Practitioners of Javanese language stakeholders who have a strong role as motivators and language improvers are unable to show real action in the field on the grounds of weak funds and human resources
صيغة الأفعال وفوائدها في كتاب متن الأربعين النووية
Get PDFمستخلص البحث
التصريف علم بأصول يعرف بها أحوال أبنية الكلم التي ليست بإعراب وأبنية الإسم الأصول ثلاثية ورباعية وخماسية. وأبنية الفعل ثلاثية ورباعية ويعبر عنها بالفاء والعين واللام وما زاد بلام ثانية وثالثة. وأهل الصرف وضعوا ميزانا في الثلاثي فَعَلَ، وفي الرباعي فَعْلَلَ، فكل حرف في مقابلة الفاء منه يسمى فاء الفعل، وفي مقابلة العين منه يسمى عين الفعل، وفي مقابلة اللام منه يسمى لام الفعل.
الفهم و الإتقان تبحرا على علم الصرف شرط لتمكن شخص باحث محترفا على كنز مطبوعات الإسلام الموسر جدا. المصدران الرئيسان للشريعة الإسلامية من القرءان والحديث باللغة العربية. فاختار الكاتب أحد الكتب من تأليف وتصنيف الإمام يحيى بن شرف الدين النووي وهو الحديث الأربعين باستخدام منظور الشيخ محمد معصوم بن علي الجومبانجي لتحليله. لأنه من خلال التحليل القواعد الصرفية يمكننا معرفة وفهم ما هو المعنى وافقا للقواعد، حتى لايكون هناك خطأ في فهم معنى الأحاديث.
والهدف من هذا البحث لمعرفة صيغة الأفعال في متن الأربعين النووية للإمام يحيى بن شرف الدين النوويّ عند الشيخ محمد معصوم بن علي الجومبانجي، ولمعرفة فوائد الأفعال في متن الأ ربعين النووية للإمام يحيى بن شرف الدين النوويّ عند الشيخ محمد معصوم بن علي الجومبانجي. هذا البحث هو البحث المكتبي (الكيفي الوصفي). وطريقة جمع البيانات التي استخدمه الكاتب في هذا البحث هي طريقة القراءة والكتابة. وحلّل الكاتب البيانات باستخدام طريقة Creswell وهو تنظيم البيانات، ومن ثم القراءة والكتابة والملاحظة، ومن ثم الوصف والتصنيف والتفسير وعرض البيانات.
ونتيجة هذا البحث أن الكاتب وجد 13 صيغة أفعال مستعملة في كتاب متن الأربعين النووية، منها صيغ أوزان أفعال للفعل الثلاثي المجرد، كالتالي: فَعَلَ- يَفْعَلُ/ فَعَلَ – يَفْعِلُ/ فَعِلَ –يَفْعَلُ/ فَعَلَ- يَفْعُلُ/ فَعِلَ- يَفْعِلُ.ومنها صيغ أوزان أفعال للفعل الثلاثي المزيد، كالتالي: أَفْعَلَ- يُفْعِلُ/ فَعَّلَ- يُفَعِّلُ/ تَفَاعَلَ- يَتَفَاعَلَ/ إِنْفَعَل- يَنْفَعِلُ/ فَاعَلَ- يُفَاعِلُ/ إفْتَعَلَ- يَفْتَعِلُ/ تَفَعَّلَ- يَتَفَعَّلُ/ اسْتَفْعَل- يَسْتَفْعِلُ.وأما عن فوائد هذه الأوزان مختلفة، فللفعل الثلاثي المجرد فهو للتعدي واللازم. أما الفعل الثلاثي المزيد فهمو كثير, منها: للدخول في الشيء، لقصد المكان، لوجود ما اشتق منه الفعل في الفاعل، للمبالغة، لوجود الشيء في الصفة، للصيرورة، للتعريض، للسلب، للمينونة، وقد يكون أفعل بمعنى المجرد، للدلالة على التكثير، نسبة المفعول إلى الفعل، سلب أصل الفعل من المفعول، إتخاذ الفعل من الإسم، لمعنى فعل التي للكثير، لمعنى أفعل التي للتعدية، لمعنى فعل المجرد، للمطاوعة فعل، مطاوعة وزن فَعَلَ، لزيادة مبالغة المعنى، في نفس معنى وزن فَعَلَ، في نفس معنى وزن فَاعَلَ في المشاركة، لطلب الشيء، للمطاوعى على وزن فَعَّلَ، للمشاركة، لمطاوعة وزن فَاعَلَ، لاشتقاق المفعول فوق صفة واحدة.
ABSTRACT
Conjugation is a knowledge of the origins by which the conditions of word structures that are not in an inflection are known, and the noun structures are three-, four-, and five-fold. And the verb structures are triple and quadrilateral, and it is expressed as fa', 'ayn', and 'lam'. And the people of morphology put a scale in the triple verb, and in the quadrilateral a verb, so every letter in the opposite of it is called the fa’ of the verb, and in the opposite of the eye from it is called the eye of the verb, and in the opposite of the lam of it is called the lam of the verb.
Understanding and mastery of navigating the science of morphology is a condition for a professional researcher to be able to treasure the highly prosperous publications of Islam. The two main sources of Islamic law are the Qur’an and the hadith in Arabic. The writer chose one of the books written and compiled by Imam Yahya bin Sharaf al-Din al-Nawawi, which is the forty hadith, using the perspective of Sheikh Muhammad Masum bin Ali al-Jumbangi for his analysis.
Because by analyzing the morphological rules, we can know and understand what is the meaning according to the rules, so that there is no mistake in understanding the meaning of the hadiths.
The aim of this research is to know the form of verbs in the Forty-Nawawi text of Imam Yahya bin Sharaf al-Din al-Nawawi when Sheikh Muhammad Masum bin Ali al-Jumbangi, and to know the benefits of verbs in the al-Nawawi forty texts of Imam Yahya bin Sharaf al-Din al-Nawawi at Sheikh Muhammad Masum bin Ali al-Jumbangi. This research is a desk research (qualitative descriptive). The method of data collection used by the author in this research is the method of reading and writing. The author analyzed the data using the Creswell method, which is to organize the data, then read, write and observe, and then describe, classify, interpret and display the data.
The result of this research is that the writer found 13 verb forms used in the book of the Forty-Nawawi text, including verb weights for the triple verb, as followsفَعَلَ- يَفْعَلُ/ فَعَلَ – يَفْعِلُ/ فَعِلَ –يَفْعَلُ/ فَعَلَ- يَفْعُلُ/ فَعِلَ- يَفْعِلُ. Including formulas for doing weights acts triple more, as follows: أَفْعَلَ- يُفْعِلُ/ فَعَّلَ- يُفَعِّلُ/ تَفَاعَلَ- يَتَفَاعَلَ/ إِنْفَعَل- يَنْفَعِلُ/ فَاعَلَ- يُفَاعِلُ/ إفْتَعَلَ- يَفْتَعِلُ/ تَفَعَّلَ- يَتَفَعَّلُ/ اسْتَفْعَل- يَسْتَفْعِلُ.. As for the benefits of these different weights, the triple act of the abstract is for transgression and necessary. As for the triple verb more, they are many, including: to enter into the thing, to intend the place, for the presence of what the verb is derived from in the subject, to exaggerate, for the presence of the thing in the adjective, to become, to expose, to take away, to signify, and it may be more active in the abstract sense, to indicate multiplicity, proportion Effect to verb, taking the origin of the verb from the object, taking the verb from the noun, for the meaning of a verb that for many, for the meaning of I do that for transgression, for the meaning of the abstract verb, to comply with a verb, to comply with the weight of a verb, to increase the exaggeration of the meaning, in the same meaning of the weight of a verb, in the same meaning of weight A subject in participation, to request a thing, to complied with the weight of a verb, to participate, to comply with a subjective weight, to derive the object over one adjective.
ABSTRAK
Konjugasi adalah pengetahuan tentang asal-usul dimana kondisi struktur kata yang tidak dalam infleksi diketahui, dan struktur kata benda tiga, empat, dan lima kali lipat. Dan struktur kata kerjanya adalah rangkap tiga dan segi empat, dan dinyatakan sebagai fa', 'ayn', dan 'lam'. Dan ahli morfologi menempatkan skala pada verba rangkap tiga, dan pada verba segi empat, sehingga setiap huruf yang berlawanan dengannya disebut fa' dari verba, dan kebalikan dari mata darinya disebut mata. dari kata kerja, dan kebalikan dari lam itu disebut lam dari kata kerja.
Pemahaman dan penguasaan ilmu jelajah ilmu morfologi merupakan syarat bagi seorang peneliti profesional untuk dapat menghayati publikasi-publikasi Islam yang sangat sejahtera. Dua sumber utama hukum Islam adalah Al-Qur'an dan hadits dalam bahasa Arab. Penulis memilih salah satu kitab yang ditulis dan disusun oleh Imam Yahya bin Sharaf al-Din al-Nawawi yaitu empat puluh hadits, dengan menggunakan perspektif Syekh Muhammad Masum bin Ali al-Jumbangi untuk analisisnya. Karena dengan menganalisis kaidah-kaidah morfologi, kita dapat mengetahui dan memahami apa yang dimaksud dengan makna menurut kaidah tersebut, sehingga tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam memahami makna hadis.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk verba pada majelis empat puluh nawawi Imam Yahya bin Sharaf al-Din al-Nawawi pada Syekh Muhammad Masum bin Ali al-Jumbangi, dan untuk mengetahui manfaat verba dalam al- Nawawi empat puluh teks Imam Yahya bin Sharaf al-Din al-Nawawi di Syekh Muhammad Masum bin Ali al-Jumbangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian desk research (deskriptif kualitatif). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode membaca dan menulis. Penulis menganalisis data dengan menggunakan metode Creswell, yaitu mengorganisasikan data, kemudian membaca, menulis dan mengamati, kemudian mendeskripsikan, mengklasifikasikan, menginterpretasikan dan menampilkan data tersebut.
Sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini, penulis menemukan 13 bentuk verba yang digunakan dalam buku hadis Empat Puluh Nawawi, termasuk wazan verba untuk fi’il tsulatsi mujarrod, sebagai berikut: فَعَلَ- يَفْعَلُ/ فَعَلَ – يَفْعِلُ/ فَعِلَ –يَفْعَلُ/ فَعَلَ- يَفْعُلُ/ فَعِلَ- يَفْعِلُ.. Termasuk fi’il tsulatsi mazid, sebagai berikut: أَفْعَلَ- يُفْعِلُ/ فَعَّلَ- يُفَعِّلُ/ تَفَاعَلَ- يَتَفَاعَلَ/ إِنْفَعَل- يَنْفَعِلُ/ فَاعَلَ- يُفَاعِلُ/ إفْتَعَلَ- يَفْتَعِلُ/ تَفَعَّلَ- يَتَفَعَّلُ/ اسْتَفْعَل- يَسْتَفْعِلُ.. Adapun manfaat dari wazan-wazan yang berbeda ini, untuk fi’il tsulatsi mujarod adalah untuk pelanggaran dan perlu. Adapun untuk fi’il tsulatsi mazid, antara lain: masuk ke dalam benda, maksud pada tempat, adanya asal kata kerja dalam subjek, membesar-besarkan, keberadaan benda di dalam kata sifat, untuk menjadi, untuk mengekspos, untuk mengambil, untuk menandakan, dan mungkin lebih aktif dalam arti abstrak, untuk menunjukkan multiplisitas, proporsi Efek ke kata kerja, mengambil asal kata kerja dari objek, mengambil kata kerja dari kata benda, untuk arti kata kerja yang bagi banyak orang, untuk arti aku melakukan itu untuk pelanggaran, untuk arti kata kerja abstrak, untuk mematuhi kata kerja, untuk mematuhi bobot kata kerja, untuk meningkatkan berlebihan makna, dalam arti yang sama dari bobot kata kerja, dalam arti yang sama bobot Subjek dalam partisipasi, untuk meminta sesuatu, untuk memenuhi bobot kata kerja, untuk berpartisipasi, untuk memenuhi bobot subjektif, untuk menurunkan objek dari satu kata sifat
Analisis Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Terhadap Penbentukan Karakter Guru MTsN 5 Aceh Utara
Get PDFThe Madrasah Principal is an educational leader who has a very big role and is responsible for the educational process and also developing the character of teachers in the madrasah. Therefore, the author raised this research to analyze the leadership style of Madrasas at MTsN 5 North Aceh in forming teacher characters. This research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Technique the researcher's data collection technique uses observation, interviews and documentation, while the data analysis technique is data reduction. The results of the research show that: The Madrasah Head's Leadership Style on the Formation of Teacher Character at MTsN 5 North Aceh is a democratic leadership style. The Impact of this Leadership Style on the Formation of Social Character of Teachers at MTsN 5 North Aceh shows a leadership attitude that is caring and oriented towards madrasa development, task assignments are carried out fairly, by ensuring that each individual accepts responsibility according to their abilities and roles. However, there are supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation of teacher character at MTsN 5 North Aceh, namely supporting factors, namely adequate teacher finances, adequate infrastructure and good personal relationships, which are created by teachers with fellow teachers, employees, parents, guardians, students and the surrounding community. Inhibiting factors come from several factors, can come from the teacher himself, or can come from factors outside the teacher such as students or from the teacher's work environmen
Analisis Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Terhadap Penbentukan Karakter Guru MTsN 5 Aceh Utara
Get PDFThe Madrasah Principal is an educational leader who has a very big role and is responsible for the educational process and also developing the character of teachers in the madrasah. Therefore, the author raised this research to analyze the leadership style of Madrasas at MTsN 5 North Aceh in forming teacher characters. This research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Technique the researcher's data collection technique uses observation, interviews and documentation, while the data analysis technique is data reduction. The results of the research show that: The Madrasah Head's Leadership Style on the Formation of Teacher Character at MTsN 5 North Aceh is a democratic leadership style. The Impact of this Leadership Style on the Formation of Social Character of Teachers at MTsN 5 North Aceh shows a leadership attitude that is caring and oriented towards madrasa development, task assignments are carried out fairly, by ensuring that each individual accepts responsibility according to their abilities and roles. However, there are supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation of teacher character at MTsN 5 North Aceh, namely supporting factors, namely adequate teacher finances, adequate infrastructure and good personal relationships, which are created by teachers with fellow teachers, employees, parents, guardians, students and the surrounding community. Inhibiting factors come from several factors, can come from the teacher himself, or can come from factors outside the teacher such as students or from the teacher's work environmen
PENDAMPINGAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENINGKATAN FUNGSI MASJID SEBAGAI PENGUAT UKHUWAH ISLAMIYAH DAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BERBASIS NILAI-NILAI RELIGIUS DI DESA AENGDAKE BLUTO SUMENEP
Get PDFMosques at all times must be the construction of the ummah, so that in times of information and reform the mosque must always be able to act as a driver of meeting the spiritual needs of the community. Realizing social services, health and education, fostering children and adolescents, and channeling their talents in the arts and sports, even to the fulfillment of the economic needs of the community. In other words, the mosque must still be able to act as a center for community development and improve Islamic education as the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) has exemplified. In other words, the mosque must still be able to act as a center for community development and improve Islamic education as the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) has exemplified. Mosque is a place of worship of Muslims, mosque is also very appropriate to be used to increase islamic ukhuwah and as a means to instill islamic education based on religious values. The mosque is also a building that was established as a means to worship Allah Swt. Especially in performing the five times of prayer, other sunnah prayers. But other than that, too. Mosque as a symbol to improve the products of individuals who have good morals and increase knowledge of Islamic treasures. In service to this community. The author uses a community assistance-based approach by using the mosque as a means of increasing religiosity and Islamic ukhuwah. In this study, there are results about the study of Islamic books, the application of prayer together and the procurement of literature books in the mosque area to be read by the surrounding community
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY BY OSCAR WILDE
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Figurative language is described as the use of words or idioms having meanings that deviate from their literal meanings. Poets use this language to state things in an unconventional way, i.e. to communicate meaning indirectly. Using the theories of Knickerbocker and Reninger, In written texts, and use of figures of speech is common. . designed to achieve aesthetic effects or beauty in order to pique the reader's attention. Because figurative language is concerned with and has an aesthetic meaning, linguistic study on figurative language is interesting. The study's initial purpose was to identify the many sorts of metaphorical language that may be found in Oscar Wilde's work "The Picture of Dorian Gray." The second purpose is to use theories from knickerbocker and reninger to linguistically evaluate meanings in figure of speech analysis in work "The Picture of Dorian Gray." As a result, the author chose an examination of figurative language in classic "The Picture of Dorian Gray" was stated in the header his qualitative research and descriptive procedures in this study. the research findings are presented in extracts from the transcript. An examination of figurative language in work him "The Picture of Dorian Gray" found 37 figurative languages, with 5 categories of figurative language. 16 metaphors selected from 37 figurative languages that dominate or feature often in study items. With 16, simile is the second highest appearance, followed by personification with 6, and exaggeration and synecdoche each with two. The figurative language discovered was linguistically evaluated utilizing Knickerbocker and Reninger's methods in understanding literature (1963) to study figurative language from its essential constituents
Analysis of the Function and Convenience of Pedestrian Public Transport Support the City of Bogor
Get PDFBy looking at the conditions of the pedestrian paths located on the road section of Rd. KH. Sholeh Iskandar, the center point is at the Uika bus stop and the drug monument stop 2, as well as Rd. KH. R. Abdullah bin nuh, the center point is at the Bubulak terminal, Yasmin shop shelter and Bogor radar shelter. the author analyzes the pedestrian path as a supporting access for public transport users. The research objectives to be achieved, among others, are to analyze existing conditions, calculate the level of pedestrian service, and analyze the perceptions of pedestrian lane users. In this study, researchers analyzed the level of pedestrian service referring to the technical planning guidelines, 1991 and produced the Level of service (LOS) for the performance of pedestrian facilities
Moderating Role of Customer Orientation on the Link between Market Oriented Behaviors and Proactive Service Performance among Relationship Managers in the Business Banking Industry
No full textAbstractBanking is one of the main sections of the service sector where knowledge and human capital are considered the vital strategic asset, apart from loans and infrastructure. Nevertheless, recent development such as the liberalisation of the service sector and the tightening of capital requirements has spurred competitive pressures, particularly in the Malaysian scenario. Focusing on business-to-business (B2B) banking as opposed to retail banking, business banking sector's performance relies heavily on the individual roles of relationship managers or RMs, who act as the liaison for their clients pertaining to their financing activities. The RM's abilities to persistently conduct sound credit risk management while maintaining healthy asset growth are particularly dependent on their ability to manage customer knowledge that they possess. Such persistent behaviour is referred to as proactive service performance, in which employees’ outcome exceeds the expectations of customers and supervisors. The impact of customer knowledge management on service performance among RMs is indeed a matter of practical interest among bankers, yet it is theoretically underrated in the academia. Market orientation and customer knowledge, although not entirely new, are often researched in organisational contexts. However, being relevant to the marketing literature, empirical studies pertaining to individual customer knowledge behaviour are often given less attention. Therefore, this concept paper intends to narrow this gap by proposing a model of individual market orientation, customer orientation and proactive service performance. In the model, the concepts of individual market orientation and proactive service performance are elaborated, followed by hypotheses that propose linkages between the variables of each construct. Subsequently, the suggested practical implications provide managers and human resource experts with insights on how to enhance their sales performance particularly in the individualised financial service context
ANALISIS STRUKTURAL NOVÉL TRI TANGTU DI BUMI KARYA YOSÉPH ISKANDAR PIKEUN BAHAN PANGAJARAN MACA DI KELAS XI
Get PDFPenelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan teknik telaah pustaka. Analisis struktural dalam penelitian ini meliputi identifikasi unsur-unsur cerita yang terdapat di dalam cerita. Analisis yang dilakukan dengan menganalisis unsur intrinsik di dalam cerita, seperti tema, alur cerita, tokoh, latar, judul, sudut pandang, dan gaya bahasa. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian tersebut bisa dipergunakan sebagai bahan pelajaran membaca novel pada siswa kelas XI. Kesimpulannya, novel Tri Tangtu di Bumi menceritakan mengenai konflik kehidupan Kerajaan Sunda dan Kerajaan Galuh, membahas mengenai ajaran purbatisti-purbajati Sunda dan adeg-adeg Tri Tangtu di Bumi, serta memberikan wawasan mengenai perilaku toleransi beragama. Cerita dalam novel ini memiliki alur cerita maju, karena peristiwa terjadi secara temporal. Yang menjadi tokoh utama dalam novel ini adalah Prabu Anom Jayadéwata. Secara general, latar tempat dalam novel ini adalah Kerajaan Sunda dan Galuh. Dalam penulisan novel ini, pengarang menggunakan teknik sudut pandang orang ketiga, yang memposisikan dirinya di luar cerita dan serba mengetahui. Dalam novel ini ditemukan beberapa gaya bahasa yang terbagi menjadi gaya bahasa umum dan gaya bahasa khas. Lalu novel ini dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan pelajaran membaca pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Sunda kelas XI.
Furthermore, it also focuses on how the result of the research in reading materials. Analytical description has been chosen as the method in this research by conducting referential analysis. Analysis of structure in this research covers identification of elements of the story. The analysis focuses on intrinsic elements of the story, such as theme, plot, characters, setting, title, point of view, and figure of speech. Furthermore, the result of this research can be employed as learning materials of novel reading for students grade XI. The conclusion states that Tri Tangtu di Bumi tells about conflict between Sundanese Kingdom and Galuh Kingdom, describes the ideology of Purbatisti-Purbajadi Sunda and adeg-adeg Tri Tangtu di Bumi, and also explores knowledge of religious tolerance. The plot of the story is forward, because the events in the story are temporal. The main character of the story is Prabu Anom Jayadéwata. Generally, the setting of the story is Sundanese Kingdom and Galuh Kingdom. In the procces of writing this novel, the author employs third-person point of view which relates the author’s position outside the story and allows the author to elaborate the story freely. Based on the novel, some figures of speech reveal. They are divided into two kinds; general figures of speech and specific figures of speech. Moreover, the novel can be employed as reading materials of Sundanese Language subject in grade XI
