1,901 research outputs found
Multimorbidity pattern and risk of dementia in later life: an 11-year follow-up study using a large community cohort and linked electronic health records
No full textBackground: Several long-term chronic illnesses are known to be associated with an increased risk of dementia independently, but little is known how combinations or clusters of potentially interacting chronic conditions may influence the risk of developing dementia. Methods: 447 888 dementia-free participants of the UK Biobank cohort at baseline (2006-2010) were followed-up until 31 May 2020 with a median follow-up duration of 11.3 years to identify incident cases of dementia. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify multimorbidity patterns at baseline and covariate adjusted Cox regression was used to investigate their predictive effects on the risk of developing dementia. Potential effect moderations by C reactive protein (CRP) and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype were assessed via statistical interaction. Results: LCA identified four multimorbidity clusters representing Mental health, Cardiometabolic, Inflammatory/autoimmune and Cancer-related pathophysiology, respectively. Estimated HRs suggest that multimorbidity clusters dominated by Mental health (HR=2.12, p<0.001, 95% CI 1.88 to 2.39) and Cardiometabolic conditions (2.02, p<0.001, 1.87 to 2.19) have the highest risk of developing dementia. Risk level for the Inflammatory/autoimmune cluster was intermediate (1.56, p<0.001, 1.37 to 1.78) and that for the Cancer cluster was least pronounced (1.36, p<0.001, 1.17 to 1.57). Contrary to expectation, neither CRP nor APOE genotype was found to moderate the effects of multimorbidity clusters on the risk of dementia. Conclusions: Early identification of older adults at higher risk of accumulating multimorbidity of specific pathophysiology and tailored interventions to prevent or delay the onset of such multimorbidity may help prevention of dementia
A qualidade da liderança: um estudo da teoria weberiana
No full textTCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Curso de Ciências Sociais.A questão da liderança política em Max Weber é de extrema importância para o entendimento de toda a obra deste autor. Este trabalho de conclusão de curso (TCC) propõe-se examinar as formas como o pensamento weberiano qualifica a liderança política. Primeiramente cotejando a qualidade da liderança política nas classes sociais. Num segundo momento averiguar a qualificação institucional para tal liderança. Por último, o presente trabalho objetiva verificar no indivíduo as qualidades enumeradas por Max Weber. Tendo, principalmente em seus textos militantes os conceitos de “ética dos fins últimos” (ou ética da convicção) (Gesinnungsethik) e "ética da responsabilidade" (Verantwortungsethik) como sendo os principais tipos ideais na ética profissional como espírito do capitalismo ocidental. Max Weber entende que é a herança política e, consequentemente a educação política os principais referenciais para a compreensão do tema em questão.The issue of political leadership in Max Weber got the paramount importance for the understanding of all the work by this author. This study aims at examining this issue from the perspective of the weberian concept of qualified political leadership. Primarily aims at comparing the quality of political leadership in social classes. Secondly ascertain the institutional qualification for political leadership. Finally, this study aims to verify the individual qualities listed by Max Weber. Having mainly in his militant’s works the concepts of ethics of conviction (Gesinnungsethik) and ethics of responsibility (Verantwortungsethik) as the main ideal types in professional ethics as the spirit of Western capitalism. Max Weber believes that is the political heritage and consequently leading education policy the frameworks for understanding the topic in question
O Max Weber de Leo Strauss
No full textMax Weber é um autor central para Leo Strauss. Importa a Strauss compreender o sentido da ciência social elaborada por Weber, já que tal ciência social rejeitaria o direito natural. Essa rejeição é baseada no historicismo e na distinção entre fatos e valores. Isso levaria ao niilismo como consequência necessária da obra weberiana. Strauss percebe aqui uma tese fundamental: a luta permanente entre valores últimos. Strauss toma essa tese como uma posição filosófica, o que o leva a tratar Weber como um filósofo. Esse é o Max Weber de Leo Strauss. Iremos analisar as passagens dos textos de Strauss referentes a essa questão e mostrar como essa figura de um Weber filósofo, quando utilizada para o entendimento da ciência social weberiana, leva a uma distorção de seu pensamento.
Palavras-chave: Direito Natural; Historicismo; Niilismo; Fatos; Valores.
The Max Weber of Leo Strauss
Abstract: Max Weber is a central author for Leo Strauss. It is important for Strauss to understand the meaning of the social science elaborated by Weber, since such social science would reject natural law. This rejection is based on historicism and the distinction between facts and values. This would lead to nihilism as a necessary consequence of Weber\u27s work. Strauss perceives here a fundamental thesis the permanent struggle between ultimate values. Strauss takes this thesis as a philosophical position, which leads him to treat Weber as a philosopher. This is the Max Weber of Leo Strauss. We will analyze the passages of Strauss\u27 texts referring to this question and show how this figure of a philosopher Weber, when used for the understanding of Weberian social science, leads to a distortion of his thought.
Keywords: Natural Right; Historicism; Nihilism; Facts; Values.
Data de registro: 11/04/2023
Data de aceite: 24/11/202
Chaos in 1D radiative edge Plasmas
No full textBifurcation and chaos in radiative edge plasmas are investigated on the basis of a periodically driven reaction- diffusion equation which results from the time dependent 1d heat conduction equation including a given periodically time- modulated impurity density. The temporal problem shows the transition to chaos through the Feigenbaum route. In Id and time dependent, plasmas Hopf bifurcation and intermittency phenomena exist. The application to a carbon seeded plasma shows the existence of different oscillation regimes
Work of adhesion of interfaces between M<sub>2</sub>AlC (M = Ti, V, Cr) MAX phases and α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
No full textA fast and generic scheme is proposed to calculate the work of adhesion between two different materials or the cohesive energy between two crystal planes in a material. These calculations make use of the regular solution theory. This theory is extended to describe chemical interactions between atoms at either side of an interface. The so-called regular solution parameter is estimated from thermodynamic values tabulated or solution enthalpies obtained from a macroscopic atom model (MAM). Complex surface definitions at either side of an interface, both in composition and position of atoms, can be dealt with. The proposed scheme has been used to calculate the work of adhesion between M2AlC (M = Ti, V, Cr) type MAX phases and α-Al2O3. Next, the cohesive energy of the MAX-phases and alumina were determined. The cohesion of the M2AlC type MAX-phase is the weakest bond present in the M2AlC- α-Al2O3 systems.Accepted Author Manuscript(OLD) MSE-
The truth within the fiction: satire and social critique in Manuscrito cuervo di Max Aub
No full textopenIl regime franchista ebbe un ruolo fondamentale nel plasmare il panorama culturale spagnolo della seconda metà del XX secolo. Costringendo l’intera intellighenzia nazionale all’esilio o al silenzio, esso ebbe un impatto significativo su ogni aspetto della produzione culturale spagnola, che conseguentemente iniziò a focalizzarsi sempre di più su opere dirette a denunciare la società contemporanea e a smascherare ciò che il regime stava realmente facendo ma voleva tenere nascosto, soprattutto riguardo la situazione degli intellettuali spagnoli. Questo studio si concentra esattamente su questo, analizzando uno dei lavori più importanti in questo campo, Manuscrito cuervo di Max Aub, con un’attenzione particolare sui meccanismi letterari operati dall’autore per evidenziare e rivelare la realtà disumana dei campi di concentramento, che visse in prima persona, rovesciando completamente i diversi punti di vista presenti nel testo e costringendo il lettore a prendere posizione.The Francoist regime played a fundamental role in shaping the Spanish cultural panorama of the second half of the 20th century. By forcing the entire intelligentsia of the nation into exile or silence, it had a significant impact on every aspect of Spanish cultural production, which consequently began to focus more and more on works aimed to denounce contemporary society and to unmask what the regime was actually doing but wanted to keep hidden, particularly in regards to the situation of Spanish intellectuals.
This study focuses exactly on this matter by analysing one of the most important works in this field, Max Aub’s Manuscrito cuervo, with a special focus on the literary mechanisms operated by the author in order to highlight and exposing the inhumane reality of the concentration camps, which he experienced first-hand, by completely overturning the different points of view present in the text and forcing the reader to take a position
Cost effectiveness of community-based therapeutic care for children with severe acute malnutrition in Zambia: decision tree model
No full textBackground: Children aged under five years with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in Africa and Asia have high mortality rates without effective treatment. Primary care-based treatment of SAM can have good outcomes but its cost effectiveness is largely unknown. Method: This study estimated the cost effectiveness of community-based therapeutic care (CTC) for children with severe acute malnutrition in government primary health care centres in Lusaka, Zambia, compared to no care. A decision tree model compared the costs (in year 2008 international dollars) and outcomes of CTC to a hypothetical 'do-nothing' alternative. The primary outcomes were mortality within one year, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) after surviving one year. Outcomes and health service costs of CTC were obtained from the CTC programme, local health services and World Health Organization (WHO) estimates of unit costs. Outcomes of doing nothing were estimated from published African cohort studies. Probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses were done. Results: The mean cost of CTC per child was 139–1760 (95% CI 10142) per life saved and 18–88 per DALY gained. Analyses were most sensitive to assumptions about mortality rates with no treatment, weeks of CTC per child and costs of purchasing RUTF. Conclusion: CTC is relatively cost effective compared to other priority health care interventions in developing countries, for a wide range of assumptions
Non-communicable diseases in public sector primary care clinics in South Africa: multimorbidity, control, treatment, socioeconomic associations, and evaluation of educational outreach with a clinical management tool
No full textThis thesis uses experience gained from a large implementation trial in two rural districts of the Western Cape, South Africa, to address the needs of patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and depression, and to identify solutions to those needs. The Primary Care 101 intervention supports and expands nurses' role in integrated care, in particular for NCDs. It comprises a comprehensive clinical management tool implemented in primary care services using educational outreach training. It was evaluated using a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial: 38 clinics in the Eden and Overberg districts of the Western Cape were randomised to receive the intervention or to continue with usual care. 4393 Patients were enrolled and four cohorts identified: hypertension, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and depression. Patients were re-interviewed once, 14 months later. Primary outcomes for the trial were treatment intensification for the hypertension, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease cohorts, and case detection for the depression cohort. Multimorbidity, NCD care and their socioeconomic associations were assessed on the whole trial cohort (combining intervention and control arms) at baseline and follow-up. The results are presented in published papers. Baseline data revealed considerable multimorbidity and unmet treatment needs (Paper 1). Socioeconomic indicators such as education, and modifiable clinic-level factors such as adequate staffing and communitybased chronic medication collection services were associated with blood pressure control (Paper 2) and depression management (Paper 3). The intervention was shown to be feasible and safe but none of the four primary outcomes showed significant improvement (Paper 4). The thesis addresses the public health challenge of providing integrated chronic disease primary care in South Africa by: • Providing original evidence for high levels of NCD multimorbidity and unmet treatment needs. • Identifying modifiable factors that could improve care for these diseases. • Providing new evidence from South Africa to support the bidirectional relationship between poverty and depression. • Reporting evidence of the effectiveness of a novel intervention aimed at improving NCD care. The findings point to the need for improved strategies for NCD care, including equipping primary health care providers to manage the complexities of multimorbidity
Self-healing of yttrium-doped CR2ALC MAX phase coatings deposited by hipims
No full textSelf-healing materials allow for a design concept based on damage management where damage that is inflicted during operation can be healed autonomously. It has been shown that the Mn+1AXn phases Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC and Cr2AlC exhibit autonomous self-healing behaviour. Cracks are filled and hence healed by oxidation products of the M and A elements in the MAX phase at high operating temperatures. After crack healing the fracture strength is recovered to the level of the virgin material. Cr2AlC MAX phase was shown to exhibit excellent erosion resistance and high damage tolerance. The oxide scale forming in the temperature range between 900- 1200°C after different oxidation times was studied. The influence of the addition of Y on the rate of oxidation of Cr2AlC films and on their self-healing behaviour was investigated. The aim of the ongoing research project is to assess the potential of Cr2AlC MAX phase coatings as autonomous self-healing material by understanding the basic physical and chemical principles governing multiple crack closure to heal erosion damage
Lebensführung: Assents and Dissents Between Michel Foucault and Max Weber
No full textAlém da relação existente entre Max Weber e Michel Foucault, o autor aborda as teorizações Weberianas, a partir da Lebensführung até a burocratização, concluindo com um recorte foucaultiano desde o biopoder ao poder como governo.Beyond the relation between Max Weber and Michel Foucault, the author treats Weberian theorizations, from Lebensführung to bureaucratization, and concludes with a Foucautian clip from biopower to power as government
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