136 research outputs found
The effectiveness of internet marketing towards real estate in Malaysia / Muhammad Farid Omardin
No full textInternet is a must have marketing tool used by most companies to market their business. Nowadays internet marketing is widely used in real estate sector. Some Real Estate Firms, Developers and Auctioneers take this idea seriously and belief internet marketing is one of the essential tool towards bring their products into the market. Some of real estate player took a step ahead by creating its own website in order to enhance the marketability of their product (project). In this research the author will measure the effectiveness of internet marketing to real estate scene in Malaysia. Besides the author will observe the effects that internet marketing brings towards real estate scene as a whole. In addition the author also will determine the essential elements in development of particular marketing in real estate sector. Conclusion of this study which will be based on the results and findings will be presented in the end of this paper
A new methodological approach to Islamic theology: with special reference to Muhammad Farid Wajdi
No full textIslamic theology had undergone through several phases of development starting from the classical period of Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) until late 19th and 20th centuries. Under the impact of rationalism and scientific development, the discussion of intellectual issues refected on the importance of scientific, analytical, and rational argumentations. Therefore, Muslims have been posing a new challenge to the study of theology. Numbeers Muslim modernists had raised their intellectual response to interpret Islamic thought in the light of modern knowledge. In their opinion, the task of reinterpretation is necessary to make Islam releavnt and sensitive to the changing circumstances. This phenomenon is referred to the efforts of renewal of ilm al kalam as a means of advancing a modern theological agenda. It is at this juncture, the author tries to expose the approach of Muhammad Farid Wajdi (d 1954), an Egyptian modernist who felt the need for a pardigm shfit in disseminating the message of Islam. His emphasis was that scientific discoveries and rational truths were not in conflict with Islam, thus, tying to fond points of agreement between religion and science. Such a methodology may be able to provide an alternative to the classical method used in theology. In this regard, this paper aims at exploring how Wajdi viewed the scientific and rational methdological in his attitude to theological matters, and how far had he being influenced by the Western rationalsm
TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT PLURALISME AGAMA PERSPEKTIF HUSEIN MUHAMMAD
No full textThis paper aims to show Husein Muhammad's interpretation on verses related to religious pluralism. To achieve that purpose, the author uses the hermeneutic method of liberation by Farid Esack which wants to show the relationship between the text of the Qur’an and the context of the relationship between religious believers, which will then build justice based on human values. The key to Farid Esack's hermeneutics relates to piety, monotheism, relationships between humans, the oppressed, justice and concrete practices as a form of struggle (jihad) to humanize humans. The conclusion of this paper shows that Husein Muhammad has a very tolerant, wise and full of wisdom in conveying the meaning of religious pluralism verses. He believes that the messages in the Qur’an act as a guide to uphold human values. So that, the verse of religious pluralism requires for an equal position of religious people as God's creatures. There is no justification for certain religious communities which is the most right or which is clearly wrong.Keywords: Religious Pluralism, Husein Muhammad. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memperlihatkan penafsiran Husein Muhammad atas ayat-ayat yang terkait dengan tema pluralisme agama. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penulis menggunakan metode hermeneutika pembebasan Farid Esack yang ingin memperlihatkan relasi antara teks Alquran dengan konteks hubungan antarumat beragama, yang kemudian akan membangun keadilan berdasarkan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Kunci hermeneutika Farid Esack berkaitan dengan takwa, tauhid, hubungan antarsesama manusia, golongan yang tertindas, keadilan serta praktik konkret sebagai bentuk perjuangan (jihad) memanusiakan manusia. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa Husein Muhammad memiliki pandangan yang amat toleran, bijak dan penuh hikmah dalam menyampaikan makna atas ayat-ayat pluralisme agama. Ia meyakini bahwa pesan-pesan dalam Alquran berperan sebagai pembawa petunjuk untuk menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Sehingga, ayat pluralisme agama menghendaki adanya kesamaan kedudukan umat beragama sebagai makhluk Tuhan. Tidak ada justifikasi atas umat agama tertentu yang paling benar atau yang jelas salah.Kata Kunci: Pluralisme agama, Husein Muhammad
Compaction performance analysis of alum sludge waste modified soil
No full textSustainable construction is one of the ultimate requirements of the engineering field. Addition of waste materials not only contribute to the improvement of the density of soils but also help in the enhancement of its strength properties. In the field, compaction is achieved by compactors and rollers, which consumes a lot of energy for this purpose. In this study, two methods related to compaction energy have been applied to study the relation of compaction energy with the strength of soil before and after addition of alum sludge as a soil stabilizer. An advanced Artificial Neural Networks (ANN5) technique has been applied with reference to the addition of alum sludge percentage, plasticity index, specific gravity, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, AASHTO classification, USCS classification, and group index. It was found that soil strength can be improved even at a low compaction energy level of 600KN-m/m(3) by the addition of optimum percentage of 8% alum sludge as a soil stabilizer. So, roller compaction effort can also be reduced by addition of this soil stabilizer to save compaction cost i.e. saving of roller fuel consumption and rental cost as well. This study will not only help in environment-friendly construction but will also manage finance by utilization of optimum compaction energy in the mega projects.Shah, SAR (reprint author), Pakistan Inst Engn & Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Khanewal Rd, Multan 60000, Pakistan.
[email protected]
PREDIKSI PERGERAKAN BAYANGAN BUMI SAAT TERJADI GERHANA BULAN MENGGUNAKAN EPHEMERIS HISAB RUKYAT
No full textAbstractIn this era, the prediction of lunar eclipse can be determined accurately with the astronomical data based algorithm. Usually, the prediction just compute the position and time of lunar eclipse without considered the movement of Earth shadow in the begginning to the end of eclipse. In this article the author explain how is the concept, algorithm, and analysis about the movement of Earth shadow on going lunar eclipse in certain local coordinate point, using the data from Ephemeris Hisab Rukyat.Keywords : Lunar Eclipse, Earth Shadow, Ephemeris Hisab Rukyat
Conversion of African Americans to Islam : a sociological analysis of the Nation of Islam and associated groups
No full text'Conversion of African Americans to Islam: A Sociological Analysis of the Nation of
Islam Associated groups' is an empirical study of the religious experience of people
who had/have distinctive features in terms of race, ethnicity and historical experience.
The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how African Americans' (AAs) conversion
experience in general, and the Nation of Islam associated groups' conversion in
particular, differ from the studies of recruitment and conversion in the sociology of
religion and New Religion Movements (NRMs). More specifically, their recruitment
and conversion experiences to Islam diverge from those who converted to mainstream
Islam. The study investigates how AAs' historical experience, soci-economic
difficulties and the racism they encountered shaped and influenced their religious
understanding.
Research methods involved participant observations, a survey questionnaire, interviews,
conversations, personal communications and correspondence. To collect ethnographic
data eleven months field research was conducted mainly in the Chicago area and on two
short visits to Detroit, and three years continued communications with Muslim officials
and academics in the area. During the field research and afterwards through personal
communication 181 survey questionnaire responses were received, and 23 Muslim
officials, academics and ordinary Muslims were interviewed through semi-structured,
unstructured interviews, conversation and correspondence.
The thesis begins with a brief history of Islam and Muslims in general and the African
American Muslims (AAMs) in particular. More emphasis is given on the historical
development of the Nation of Islam (NOl). Then in Chapter III, discussions of schisms
in the history of the NOT are examined from sociological perspectives of social and
religious movements. In Chapter IV I aimed to formulate my own perspective to
analyse and study the conversion experiences of AAMs to Islam. I used a multivariate
approach, considering selectively widely held conversion and recruitment theories in the
sociology of the religion. I consider in Chapter V the predisposing conditions for AAMs
that influence their decision-making to join in the NOT, for example, political and
nationalistic sentiments and socio-economic deprivations. In Chapter VI I have applied
different terms to describe their religious experiences, such as conversion, alteration and
reversion. I have analysed further their encounters with the NOT, the methods of
recruitment they used and their major motives for joining the NOT and converting to
Tslam. In the concluding chapters (Chapter VII VTTT) I describe the different responses
of AAMS to Islam following the death of Elijah Muhammad. It is found out that the
Islamic appeal has polarised. While Farakhan's NOT appeared to continue the tradition
and style of the old NOI with the emphasis on nationalistic and socio-economic factors,
Tmam W. D. Mohammed's community turned more to the religious and spiritual aspects
of Tslam. These different approaches led to a polarisation of the appeal of Tslam to
AAMS.
This thesis contributes to knowledge in four key areas; the sociology of religion and
religious movements, the sociology of social and nationalistic movements, religious and
Islamic studies
Decoding the Risks of Fecal Incontinence: A Comprehensive Analysis of Closed Internal Sphincterotomy in Chronic Anal Fissure.
No full text© Copyright 2024
Farid et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Introduction An anal fissure is marked by a longitudinal tear in the mucosal lining of the lower anal canal, causing painful defecation and mild anal bleeding. The classical triad includes an anal ulcer, a sentinel tag, and a hypertrophic papilla. This study investigates the frequency of fecal incontinence in patients with anal fissure undergoing closed internal sphincterotomy, offering recent insights for treatment recommendations. Objective To determine the prevalence of fecal incontinence in individuals with chronic anal fissure undergoing closed internal sphincterotomy. Methodology The study design was a descriptive case series, conducted over a 6-month period (August 21, 2018 to February 21, 2019). It was carried out at the General Surgery Department, Lady Reading Hospital MTI, Peshawar, Pakistan. The participants included a total of 139 patients diagnosed with chronic anal fissures. Data collection To gather comprehensive information, a detailed approach was adopted. This included history taking, general physical examinations, and digital rectal examinations for all patients. All patients diagnosed with chronic anal fissure were prepared for lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS). Variables The variable of interest was the occurrence of fecal incontinence, assessed during follow-up visits at the end of the 2nd and 6th week post-surgery. Ethical consideration The study received approval from the hospital's ethical committee and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan (CPSP) research committee. Results In our study, the mean age was 30 years (SD ± 12.16). Forty-five percent of patients were male, and 55% were female. Fecal incontinence was observed in 10% of patients. Conclusion Our study reveals a fecal incontinence frequency of 10% in patients undergoing closed LIS for chronic anal fissure
Studi Komparatif Terhadap Makna Itab Kepada Nabi Muhammad Dalam Perspektif Sayyid Quthub dan Buya Hamka
No full textItab is a term used to commemorate and reprimand the Prophet Muhammad when he made a mistake, but in the interpretation of Fiy Zhilalil Qur'an by Sayyid Al-Quthb and Tafsir Al-Azhar by Buya Hamka, they differ in interpreting the word itab contained in the verses. Al-Qur'an. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in interpreting the word itab contained in the Qur'an and in this study the author focuses on the verses that explain the sour face and turn away and forbid something that is lawful. This study uses a qualitative method with a library research model and compares the interpretations of Sayyid Qutb and Buya Hamka. From the results of this study which discusses Itab to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, that the two interpreters differ in explaining the meaning of Itab: in terms of language, Sayyid Qutb divides it into 2 types, namely Hard and Soft, while Buya Hamka only has 1 type, namely soft. In terms of terms, Sayyid Qutb uses 2 terms, namely itab and tazdkirah (warning), while buya Hamka uses the terms itab, warning and reprimand. In terms of his position, Sayyid Qutb said that this was a warning to the Prophet Muhammad because of his mistake in ijtihad, so that it had an impact on Islamic law, while according to Buya Hamka, the error of the Prophet Muhammad in ijtihad had no impact on Islamic law, because the Prophet SAW could not be separated from the side of the Prophet Muhammad. mistakes as ordinary people. According to Sayyid Qutb, not all Itabs were addressed to the Prophet Muhammad, but some were addressed to Muslims, while according to Buya Hamka, the Itabs were only addressed to the Prophet Muhammad
Kulminasi bulan sebagai acuan titik koordinat bumi untuk penentuan arah kiblat
No full textTitik koordinat merupakan data yang sangat urgen dalam hal kajian perhitungan ilmu falak. Dianggap demikian karena data ini merupakan acuan utama markaz perhitungan dilakukan, sehingga selalu digunakan pada hampir semua perhitungan ilmu falak, seperti hisab arah kiblat, awal waktu shalat, awal bulan Kamariah dan waktu Gerhana. Ada beberapa metode untuk mendapatkan titik koordinat suatu tempat di permukaan Bumi, seperti menggunakan Tongkat Istiwa’, menggunakan aplikasi Google Earth dan Global Positioning System (GPS). Selain ketiga metode tersebut, ada metode alternatif lain yang dapat digunakan, yaitu metode penentuan titik koordinat dengan acuan kulminasi Bulan. Metode ini belum pernah tersentuh sama sekali mengingat formula yang dipakai merupakan hasil pemikiran penulis sendiri, mengadopsi formula yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Oleh karena itu, penulis tertarik dan merasa perlu menelitinya untuk membuktikan sekaligus menelisik kontruksi formula, tingkat akurasi dan implementasinya pada salah satu kajian perhitungan ilmu falak, yakni hisab arah kiblat, sebagai gambaran awal apakah metode ini benar-benar bisa digunakan acuan penentuan titik koordinat atau tidak. Berlandaskan hal tersebut, peneliti memilih dua rumusan masalah : 1) Bagaimana analisis metode penentuan titik koordinat Bumi dengan acuan kulminasi Bulan. 2) Bagaimana analisis tingkat akurasi metode penentuan titik koordinat Bumi dengan acuan kulminasi Bulan serta implementasinya terhadap arah kiblat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dan eksperimen. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah peneliti kumpulkan diolah secara deskriptif analitik matematis dan juga dianalisis secara komparatif terhadap hasil praktik metode lainnya. Kemudian ditarik kesimpulan tingkat akurasi dan implementasinya terhadap arah kiblat.
Kajian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa metode penentuan titik koordinat dengan acuan kulminasi Bulan merupakan metode penggeseran dari metode kulminasi Matahari (Tongkat Istiwa’). Formulasi perhitungan lintang tempatnya menggunakan rumus yang sama dengan metode kulminasi Matahari, hanya digeser pada data Bulan saja. Sedangkan untuk formulasi perhitungan bujur tempat menggunakan sistem acuan waktu Bulan yang disebut dengan Local Apparent Lunar Time, di mana ketika Bulan berpotongan dengan meridian setempat selalu dihitung pukul 12 tepat. Metode ini menghasilkan lintang tempat bersifat geosentrik dan mempunyai tenggang waktu praktik yang terbatas hanya pada tanggal 9 hingga tanggal 20 bulan hijriyah. Kemudian hasil pengukuran titik koordinatnya menunjukkan nilai deviasi yang relatif kecil. Deviasi untuk lintang bernilai kisaran 5,64” hingga 5’ 19,22” dan untuk bujur tempat deviasinya antara 13,94” hingga 9’ 20,47”. Tak hanya itu, jika diimplementasikan dalam perhitungan azimut kiblat, hasil sudut simpangnya terhadap GPS mencapai nilai yang rendah yakni 6,97” hingga 3’ 15,98”, nilai ini sangat jauh dari batas toleransi arah kiblat. Sehingga hal ini membuktikan bahwa metode kulminasi Bulan dapat digunakan sebagai landasan pengambilan data titik koordinat untuk penentuan arah kiblat atau bahkan untuk penentuan lainnya berkaitan dengan kajian perhitungan ilmu falak dan astronomi.
ABSTRACT:
The point of the coordinates is the data urgent in study calculations of Islamic astronomy. Considesed so because this data is the main reference of location. So it always used almost all calculation of Islamic astronomy, like the direction of qibla, begening of prayer time, beginning of qamariah and time of eclipse. There are any method to get the point of the coordinates of a place on the surface of the earth, like using Google Earth and Global Positioning System (GPS), In addition to these three method there are any other alternative methods that can be used, that is determination of the point coordinate with the culmination of the moon. This method never been touched, cause this formula the result of thingking by author, adope from the formula that has been there before. Therefore, author interesting to do this research and feel need to examine to prove and probe the construction of formula, the accuracy and implementation one of study calculation of Islamic astronomy, namely calculation direction of qibla as a picture of the beginning of whether this method can actually used reference to the determination of the point coordinate or not. Based on this, the research choose two formulation of the problem : 1) How analysis of the determination of the earth with reference point with culmination of moon. 2) How the level of accuracy method determining the coordinates of the earth its implementation the direction of qibla. The kind of this research is quantitative and experimental research. Researches use data collection techniques of observation and documentation. The data that researchers have collected are processed by descriptive analytic mathematic and also analyzed comparatively against the results of the practice of the other method. Then drawn a conclusion the level of accuracy and its implementation against the direction of the qibla.
This study produced findings that method determining point of coordinate with reference the culmination of moon. Is the method of shifting from the culmination method of the sun (Istiwa’ Stick). Formulation the calculation of the latitude of the place use same formula with method of culmination of sun, just shifted in the data of moon. As for formulation calculation of the longitude of the place using system reference time of the moon, its called Local Apparent Lunar Time, where when the moon intersect with the local meridian always counted 12 o’clock. This method produced latitude are geocentric and have grace period of practices limited only on the 9th to 20th hijri month. Then the results of the measurement of point coordinates shows the value of the deviation in relative small. Deviations for latitude are in range of 5,64” to 5’ 19,22” and for longitude of the place the deviations between 13,49” to 9’ 20,47”. Not only that, if implemented in calculations azimuth of qibla, the result of the angle deviation to GPS reaches a low value 6,97” to 3’ 15,98”, this value is very far from the tolerance limit of the Qibla direction. It proved that method culmination of moon can be used as the foundation retrival of data coordinates of determining direction qibla or even for other determinations relating to astronomy
METODE RAṢDU QIBLAH DENGAN BEDA AZIMUT DALAM PENENTUAN ARAH KIBLAT
No full textRaṣdu Qiblah is a method of determining the direction of qibla which is known to be economical, practical and accurate. In practice, Raṣdu Qiblah is restricted due to the presence of the sunray and the limited time. As the result, the Raṣdu Qiblah formula with azimuthal angle is developed as a solution which can be utilized four times or more in a day. This research employs a quantitative approach with mathematical analysis to describe the accuracy of the method. The findings of this study are that the calculation of the Raṣdu Qiblah with different azimuth approaches the solar azimuth calculation results at any time. The results of the practice also approach the local Raṣdu Qiblah which means that the accuracy of this method is almost the same as the original method and can be used as an alternative for determining the accurate direction of qibla.Keywords: Raṣdu Qiblah, Difference of Azimuth, Astronom
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