131 research outputs found
Pengaruh pemikiran Ulugh Beg (Zij as-Sulthoni) terhadap hisab awal bulan dalam kitab Sullamun Nayyraen
No full textZij Ulugh Beg merupakan data Astronomi yang dipakai dalam Kitab-kitab taqribi untuk penentuan awal Bulan Qamariah di Indonesia. Secara khusus Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen yang merupakan Kitab induk sistem taqribi di Indonesia juga mengadopsi data astronomi dari Zij Ulugh Beg. Dalam Muqaddimah Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen secara terang-terangan menyebutkan bahwa mengambil data Astronomi (Zij) Ulugh beg, namun tidak dijelaskan sampai sejauh mana data Ulugh Beg yang di adopsi oleh Kitab Sullam Nayyraen. Dalam hal ini Penulis menggali pengaruh pemikiran Ulugh Beg dalam Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen. Dalam penelitian ini Penulis ingin mengetahui beberapa hal yaitu: 1). Bagaimana Sejarah masuknya pemikiran Ulugh Beg di Indonesia ? Bagaimana Pengaruh Pemikiran Ulugh Beg dalam Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen ? penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data diambil dengan teknik kepustakaan. Sementara untuk analisis data menggunakan deskriptif dan komparatif.
Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) naskah Ulugh Beg pertama kali dibawa ke Indonesia oleh Syaikh Abdu al-Rahman ibnu Ahmad al-Misri dari Mesir yang kemudian mempunyai murid Habib Utsman dan Ahmad Dahlan al-Samarani. Lalu diteruskan oleh Habib Utsman kepada muridnya yaitu KH. Mochammad Manshur Al-Battawi dengan karyanya Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen. 2) corak Hisab awal Bulan di Indonesia sebelum pemikiran Ulugh Beg masuk masih menggunakan sistem hisab dengan perpaduan antara penanggalan aji saka dan kalender hijriyah, sehingga bersifat aritmatis. Setelah pemikiran Ulugh Beg masuk ke Indonesia sistem hisab awal Bulan di Indonesia berkembang menjadi haqiqi taqribi yang dipelopori oleh Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen. Namun pengaruh pemikiran Ulugh Beg dalam Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen hanya sebatas pada tabel Astronomi dan tidak pada model algoritma penentuan awal Bulannya. Sistem hisab Ulugh Beg dikategorikan sebagai hisab haqiqi bit tahqiq karena dalam mencari waktu ijtima’ dicari selisih bujur ekliptika Bulan dan Matahari sebenarnya kemudian dibagi dengan kecepatan. Selanjutnya model hisab Ulugh Beg menggunakan rumus segitiga bola dalam mencari tinggi hilal. Dalam Zij Ulugh Beg dan Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen terdapat persamaan dan perbedaan. Persamaannya terletak pada tabel penentuan posisi rata-rata Bulan dan Matahari. Sedangkan perbedaannya terletak pada suku koreksi dan nilai ta’dil (koreksi posisi Bulan dan Matahari). Tabel Sullamun Nayyraen menyederhanakan Zij Ulugh Beg dari segi data yang dipakai. Data Ulugh Beg sampai kepada detik sedangkan data Sullamun Nayyraen hanya sampai kepada menit. Elemen-elemen yang digunakan dalam Zij Ulugh Beg dan Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen terdapat penambahan dan pengurangan. Penambahan dalam Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen yakni al-Alamah dan al-hishsah sedangkan pengurangan yakni elemen markaz Bulan, ra’sun dan wasath. Sementara untuk hasil hisab waktu ijtima’ dan tinggi hilal antara Zij Ulugh Beg dan Sullamun Nayyraen, Zij Ulugh Beg menghasilkan waktu ijtima’ dan tinggi hilal yang lebih mendekati dengan hasil perhitungan kontemporer. Selisih untuk waktu ijtima’ berada pada satuan menit yakni〖 0〗^j 〖 2〗^m 〖29〗^d kemudian tinggi hilal yakni〖 0〗^o 〖 24〗^' 〖31,38〗^" pada tahun 1441 Hijriah. sedangkan pada tahun 1442. Perbedaan model hisab ini dipengaruhi oleh sistem hisab yang berkembang pada saat Kitab Sullamun Nayyraen dibuat yang masih bercorak aritmatis.
ABSTRACT:
Zij Ulugh Beg is Astronomical data used in the Books of Taqribi to determine the beginning of the Qamariah in Indonesia. Specifically the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen which is the parent book of the taqribi system in Indonesia also adopts astronomical data from Zij Ulugh Beg. In the Muqaddimah the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen blatantly states that taking the Astronomy (Zij) data of Ulugh beg, but it is not explained to what extent the Ulugh Beg data adopted by the Sullam Nayyraen Book. In this case the author explores the influence of Ulugh Beg thought in the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen. In this study the author wants to know several things, namely: 1). How is the history of Ulugh Beg's thought in Indonesia? How does the influence of Ulugh Beg's thought in the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen? This research is a qualitative research. Data collection is taken by library technique. While for data analysis using descriptive and comparative.
The results in this study indicate that: 1) the Ulugh Beg manuscript was first brought to Indonesia by Shaykh Abdu al-Rahman ibn Ahmad al-Misri from Egypt who then had pupils Habib Uthman and Ahmad Dahlan al-Samarani. Then passed on by Habib Uthman to his student, KH. Mochammad Manshur Al-Battawi with his work The Book of Sullamun Nayyraen. 2) Hisab style of the beginning of the month in Indonesia before Ulugh Beg's thought entered still using the reckoning system with a combination of aji saka calendar and the hijri calendar, so that it is arithmetic. After Ulugh Beg's thoughts entered Indonesia, the early Moon reckoning system in Indonesia developed into haqiqi taqribi, which was pioneered by the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen. However, the influence of Ulugh Beg's thought in the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen is limited to the Astronomy table and not to the algorithm for determining the beginning of the Moon. The Ulugh Beg reckoning system is categorized as reckoning haqiqi bit tahqiq because in finding the time of ijtima 'the difference in ecliptic longitude of the Moon and the Sun is actually then divided by speed. Furthermore, the Ulugh Beg reckoning model uses the spherical triangle formula in finding the height of the new moon. In Zij Ulugh Beg and the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen there are similarities and differences. The equation lies in the average positioning table of the Moon and the Sun. While the difference lies in the correction term and ta'dil value (correction of the position of the Moon and Sun). The Sullamun Nayyraen table simplifies Zij Ulugh Beg in terms of the data used. The Ulugh Beg data reached seconds, while the Sullamun Nayyraen data only reached minutes. The elements used in Zij Ulugh Beg and Sullamun Nayyraen are additions and subtractions. Additions in the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen namely al-Alamah and al-Hishsah while the subtraction of the elements markaz moon, ra’sun and wasath. While for the results of the reckoning of ijtima time 'and hilal height between Zij Ulugh Beg and Sullamun Nayyraen, Zij Ulugh Beg produces ijtima time' and hilal height which are closer to the results of contemporary calculations. Difference for time ijtima 'is in units of minutes that is 〖 0〗^j 〖 2〗^m 〖29〗^d then the hilal height is 〖 0〗^o 〖 24〗^' 〖31,38〗^" "in 1441 Hijriah whereas in 1442. The difference in the reckoning model was influenced by the reckoning system that developed when the Book of Sullamun Nayyraen was made that was still in an arithmetic pattern
Detection of transcriptional triggers in the dynamics of microbial growth: application to the respiratorily versatile bacterium Shewanella oneidensis
No full text© The Author(s), 2012. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Nucleic Acids Research 40 (2012): 7132-7149, doi:10.1093/nar/gks467.The capacity of microorganisms to respond to variable external conditions requires a coordination of environment-sensing mechanisms and decision-making regulatory circuits. Here, we seek to understand the interplay between these two processes by combining high-throughput measurement of time-dependent mRNA profiles with a novel computational approach that searches for key genetic triggers of transcriptional changes. Our approach helped us understand the regulatory strategies of a respiratorily versatile bacterium with promising bioenergy and bioremediation applications, Shewanella oneidensis, in minimal and rich media. By comparing expression profiles across these two conditions, we unveiled components of the transcriptional program that depend mainly on the growth phase. Conversely, by integrating our time-dependent data with a previously available large compendium of static perturbation responses, we identified transcriptional changes that cannot be explained solely by internal network dynamics, but are rather triggered by specific genes acting as key mediators of an environment-dependent response. These transcriptional triggers include known and novel regulators that respond to carbon, nitrogen and oxygen limitation. Our analysis suggests a sequence of physiological responses, including a coupling between nitrogen depletion and glycogen storage, partially recapitulated through dynamic flux balance analysis, and experimentally confirmed by metabolite measurements. Our approach is broadly applicable to other systems.Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-07ER64388 to D.S. and DE-FG02-
08ER64511 to M.H.S.]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Astrobiology Institute
[NNA08CN84A to D.S.]
Reading acts of narrative appropriation: four instances of fraudulent memoir
No full textPhDThis thesis examines acts of narrative appropriation, the telling of purportedly‘authentic’ life stories by those for whom the stories are not theirs to tell. This
misuse or subversion of genre - the discipline of historical writing and the category
of autobiography - becomes a means for cultural, social and political dissimulation,
and the analysis focuses both on the act: the event, trespass, or ‘theft’ of another’s
life story, and on the cultural meaning that this event reveals. These narrative acts
are approached theoretically through discussions of what it means to be an author, a
reader, and through the consideration of literary and social genre, category and form.
In exploring identities at particular risk of appropriation, this thesis shows how
fraudulent appropriated narratives affect our reading of the world, and in turn
influence our perception of already marginalized social groups. My primary
examples include prostitution ‘narratives’, Native North American ‘memoir,’ and
fraudulent Holocaust survivor ‘testimony,’ with each text providing decoded
evidence of ‘genre-bending’ exhibiting a social and political intent. These works
seek to be read as authentic personal narratives, as autobiography, and that is how
they have been presented to the reader. However, they are imposters – fictional tales
desiring the elevated status of historical authenticity and willing to bend the rules
and contracts of genre to achieve their end. Here the appearance of authenticity is
achieved through the use of cultural and social ‘myth,’ or perceptions of cultural
identity, and as such its fraudulent construction is first and foremost a social act,
with a social and economic motivation. As this thesis concludes, these texts are
most successful when their own political and social ideologies echo and confirm that
of the readership; when their subjects, the fraudulent ‘I’ at the center of the text is
also a performative elaboration of cultural belief
Database systems : a practical approach to design, implementation, and management / Thomas M. Connolly, Carolyn E. Begg, University of the West of Scotland.
No full textcomputer bookfair2015Includes bibliographical references and index.1328 pages
Problem „nietoperza Nagel\u27a" w argumentacji Johna Hicka i Paula M. Churchlanda.
No full textThe article tries to show the relations between P. M. Churchland\u27s and J. Hick\u27s reference to T. Nagel\u27s „bat argument" and is based on Nagel\u27s, Mortal questions, Chuchralnd\u27s The Engine of Reason, the Seat of the Soul. A Philosophical Journey into the Brain and J. Hick\u27s The New Frontier of Religion and Science. Religious experience, neuroscience and the transcendent. The clue is that Churchland and Hick beg the main point of the Nagel\u27s argument about the difference between mind and brain. Churchland agrees with Nagel in assuming of the self and only self knowledge about mind states. But the former author and Hick misunderstand that indeed Nagel argues that it is still impossible to identify subjective states as objective. Moreover, Hick avoids Churchland\u27s counter-argument. Therefore, not all of the dispute concerns the same problem.The article tries to show the relations between P. M. Churchland\u27s and J. Hick\u27s reference to T. Nagel\u27s „bat argument" and is based on Nagel\u27s, Mortal questions, Chuchralnd\u27s The Engine of Reason, the Seat of the Soul. A Philosophical Journey into the Brain and J. Hick\u27s The New Frontier of Religion and Science. Religious experience, neuroscience and the transcendent. The clue is that Churchland and Hick beg the main point of the Nagel\u27s argument about the difference between mind and brain. Churchland agrees with Nagel in assuming of the self and only self knowledge about mind states. But the former author and Hick misunderstand that indeed Nagel argues that it is still impossible to identify subjective states as objective. Moreover, Hick avoids Churchland\u27s counter-argument. Therefore, not all of the dispute concerns the same problem
Methodological bases of research of developmental educational environment of elementary school of Ukraine (end of xix-beg. Xx centuries)
No full textУ статті наголошується на актуальності формування позитивного освітнього середовища початкової школи з урахуванням гуманістичних принципів. Автором обґрунтовано методологічні засади дослідження проблеми становлення розвивального освітнього середовища початкової школи України (кін. ХІХ – поч. ХХ ст.), якими є теорії: педагогічного екзистенціалізму (Г. Васянович, І. Зязюн, С. Кримський, Г. Щедровицький); розвивального навчання й виховання особистості (Л. Виготський, Л. Занков, В. Давидов, Д. Ельконін, С. Максименко, О. Савченко та ін.); педагогічної антропології (Б. Грінченко, В. Сухомлинський, К. Ушинський, М. Шелєр); педагогічної герменевтики (Е. Бетті, Г. Гадамер, А. Закірова, Ф. Шлейермахер). Визначено наукові підходи дослідження окресленої проблеми: середовищний, особистісно-діяльнісний, системний, соціокультурний. The article emphasizes on the importance of forming a positive educational environment of elementary school based on humanitarian principles. The author substantiates methodological basis of the research of developing
the educational environment of elementary school in Ukraine (end of XIX - beg. XX c.), the theories: teaching existentialism (G. Vasianovych, I. Ziaziun, S. Krymskyi, H. Shchedrovytskyi); developing training and education of the individual (L. Vygotsky, L. Zankov, V. Davydov, D. Elkonin, S. Maksymenko, A. Savchenko et al.); educational anthropology (B. Hrinchenko B. Sukhomlynskyi, K. Ushynskyi, M. Shelier); pedagogical hermeneutics (Betty E.,
H. Hadamer, A. Zakirova, F. Schleiermacher). Scientific approaches of outlined problem research are determined:environmental, personality and active, systematic, social and cultural
СОВЕТСКИЕ ЖУРНАЛЬНЫЕ ДИСКУССИИ КОНЦА 60-Х И НАЧАЛА 70-Х ГГ. ХХ В. КАК ПРИЗНАК ВРЕМЕНИ
No full textTHE SOV IET JOURN AL DISCUSS IONS AT THE END OF THE 1960sAND AT THE BEG INN ING OF THE 1970s AS A SY MPTO M OF THEIR TIMES u m m a r yThe author of the present study tries to analyse the structure and character of the twodiscussions (on Russian Slavophiles and revolutionary democtrats) which proceededon the pages of the journal “Voprosy literatury” (Problems of Literature) at the endof the 1960s and at the beginning of the 1970s. In the study the author demonstratesthe shifts towards the twofold shape of Russian thought, towards philosophical idealismand the contact with the current development of the Soviet so-called “villageliterature”. Though this tendency seemed to be rather hidden, concealed, it could nottake place without the consent of political authorities which manifested the ideologicalsearching even in these ruling circles of that time
СОВЕТСКИЕ ЖУРНАЛЬНЫЕ ДИСКУССИИ КОНЦА 60-Х И НАЧАЛА 70-Х ГГ. ХХ В. КАК ПРИЗНАК ВРЕМЕНИ
No full textTHE SOV IET JOURN AL DISCUSS IONS AT THE END OF THE 1960sAND AT THE BEG INN ING OF THE 1970s AS A SY MPTO M OF THEIR TIMES u m m a r yThe author of the present study tries to analyse the structure and character of the twodiscussions (on Russian Slavophiles and revolutionary democtrats) which proceededon the pages of the journal “Voprosy literatury” (Problems of Literature) at the endof the 1960s and at the beginning of the 1970s. In the study the author demonstratesthe shifts towards the twofold shape of Russian thought, towards philosophical idealismand the contact with the current development of the Soviet so-called “villageliterature”. Though this tendency seemed to be rather hidden, concealed, it could nottake place without the consent of political authorities which manifested the ideologicalsearching even in these ruling circles of that time
La funzione narrativa del viaggio in un romanzo persiano di epoca qajar: il Siyahatname-ye Ebrahim Beyg (Diario di viaggio di Ebrahim Beyg) di Zeyno'l-'Abedin Marage'i
No full textThe Siyâhatnâme-ye Ebrâhim Beg is considered a literary event of great importance in the process of renewal of Persian literature and one of the earliest social novels in modern Persian literature. This work has also played a key role in the socio-political events of modern Iran. The Siyâhatnâme marks the beginning of modern Persian prose, it is deeply innovative in content, but it is also significant because of the close connections with traditional forms of narrative, like that of the journey. In this article we highlight the innovative as well as the classical aspects of the work and specifically we examine the role of travel as a narrative device that the author uses to support its political discourse and to conduct a critical analysis of the conditions of Iran at the turn of the twentieth centur
Prospect of solar-PV/biogas/diesel generator hybrid energy system of an off-grid area in Bangladesh
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