10 research outputs found
Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and its Risk Factors among Pakistani Females
No full textAbstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of postpartum depression and its risk factors among Pakistani mothers. Methodology: This Cross-sectional study was conducted after ethical approval on a sample of 200 females of reproductive age (20-45years). Participants were selected through convenient random sampling on the basis of predefined eligibility criteria. Data were collected from primary and secondary healthcare facilities of district Sialkot using the Edinburg postnatal depression screening tool. Results: The mean age ±Std Dev of the participants was 28.09±5.346 years ranging from 20 to 45. The mean ±SD of the total score EPDS was found to be 3.53±5.72 with 87.50% of participants with scores below 13. Out of 200, 25(12.50%) females were candidates for postpartum depression. Conclusion: Postpartum depression screening helps recognition of the disorder. Postpartum depression among females of the target population is not negligibl
THE RECONCILIATION OF HERITAGE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT: The Success of Criteria in Guiding the Design and Assessment of Contemporary Interventions in Historic Places
No full textSince built heritage continues to teach contemporary societies valuable lessons about traditional building practices among other substantial matters, its protection from environmentally insensitive development is important. The reconciliation of heritage conservation and development, therefore, is an appropriate research topic. This article aims at contributing to the global discourse on that topic, which is primarily supported by UNESCO and ICOMOS. It does so by evaluating the success of criteria in guiding the design and assessment of contemporary interventions in historic places. The purpose is to determine whether criteria, which usually come in the form of standards and/or design guidelines, hold the key to thoughtful change in historic places. To achieve this purpose, the present author first gives an overview of the current state of knowledge on the topic, then analyzes major scholarly literature to identify the strengths and weaknesses of criteria and finally suggests other avenues worth exploring. As a result of this qualitative research, readers would gain a better understanding of the background, questioning and principles that should frame new architecture in existing urban fabric.</jats:p
Comparison of speech rate in individuals with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls
No full textSpeech rate deficits are commonly observed in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previous literature has presented a variety of outcomes regarding the speech rate of individuals with PD compared to healthy controls, ranging from an increased speech rate to a decreased speech rate. The current study aims to determine the differences in speech rate profile between individuals with PD and healthy controls. Additionally, it attempts to determine the effect of stimulus on speech rate for those with PD compared to healthy controls as well as the correlation between demographic conditions and speech rate. This was achieved through collecting audio recordings of 62 individuals via Zoom and in-person meetings. These meetings included a monologue task, reading task, and picture description task. A repeated measures ANOVA was completed to determine the effect of stimulus on speech rate, and a Pearson bivariate correlation to determine correlation between demographic information and speech rate. The findings of this study found that the participants with PD presented with a significantly faster speech rate compared to the neurologically healthy participants, especially when focusing on the picture description task. The author suggests that the cognitive burden coupled with cognitive-linguistic differences in those with PD may have contributed to the differences in speech rate profile between those with PD and the healthy controls. Additionally, only a significant positive correlation between speech rate and MoCA score was determined in this study, suggesting a faster rate of speech in those with higher cognitive functioning. Further research is required to determine the true nature of speech rate deficits in the overall population of those with Parkinson’s disease
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PROTEKSI AKTIF DAN FASILITAS EVAKUASI KEBAKARAN PADA PT. DOS NI ROHA MANADO
No full textJika membutuhkan abstrak atau isi jurnal silahkan menghubungi author melalui e-mail [email protected] atau [email protected]
Dipublikasikan tanggal: 28 Juli 2023 
Role of interleukins in type 1 and type 2 diabetes
No full textBackground: Despite distinct etiologies, type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share chronic inflammation as a core feature. Interleukins, key immune mediators, play important yet still not fully understood roles in the development and complications of both conditions. Objective: This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical synthesis of current evidence on the role of key interleukins in T1D and T2D, highlighting their immunological functions, genetic associations, clinical correlations, and translational potential. Methods: A targeted literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect up to January 2025, focusing on English-language clinical and experimental studies involving interleukins and their relevance to T1D and T2D. Reference lists were manually screened for additional sources. Interleukins (ILs) were reviewed individually to assess their immunobiology, disease specificity, and biomarker or therapeutic value. Findings: Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 contribute to islet inflammation, insulin resistance, and microvascular damage in both T1D and T2D. Anti-inflammatory mediators including IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 exhibit protective effects but vary in expression across disease stages. Less-characterized interleukins such as IL-3, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-27 demonstrate dual or context-dependent roles, particularly in shaping immune tolerance and tissue-specific complications such as nephropathy and neuropathy. Polymorphisms in IL-10 and IL-6 genes further suggest genetic contributions to interleukin dysregulation and metabolic dysfunction. Despite promising insights, translational gaps persist due to overreliance on preclinical models and limited longitudinal clinical data. Conclusions: Interleukins represent a mechanistic bridge linking immune dysregulation to metabolic derangements in both T1D and T2D. While their diagnostic and therapeutic potential is increasingly recognized, future research must address current limitations through isoform-specific targeting, context-aware interventions, and validation in large-scale, human cohorts. A unified interleukin-based framework may ultimately advance personalized strategies for diabetes prevention and treatment
Comparison of Mulligan Traction and Neural Mobilizations in the Management of Pain in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathies; A Quasi-Experimental Study
No full textObjective: To compare the effects of Mulligan manual traction and techniques in neural mobilization for managing pain in cervical radiculopathies.
Methodology: It was a quasi-experimental study at physical therapy departments of Amin Welfare & Teaching Hospital and Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital Sialkot for 6 months from December 2018 to May 2019 after Ethical approval. The sample of 34 participants was equally divided into group A & B. Patients were recruited on the basis of pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A was administered mulligan traction. Group B received neural mobilization of ulnar, median and radial nerve thrice a week. Hot pack and TENS were applied as baseline treatment to both the groups. Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and neck disability index (NDI) were used to measure the outcomes and data was recorded before 1st treatment session and after last treatment session. P value ≤ 0.005 was considered as significant.
Results: Among the total of 34 sample size, 25 patients were females (73.52%) and 9 were males (26.47%). The mean Age±SD was 44.79±7.885 years. The mean NPRS score reduced from 8.18±0.809 to 3.12±1.269 (P=.000) in group A and from 7.47±1.007 to 2.76±1.147 (P=.004) in group B after treatment. Mean Score of NDI reduced to 4.78±1.23 from 16.00±1.71 (P=.000) in group A and 5.08±1.38 from 14.38±2.19 (P=.005).
Conclusion: The study revealed that mulligan manual traction and neural mobilization were effective for the pain management and improvement of functional abilities in patients with cervical radiculopathies; but none of them is superior to other.
Key words:
Mulligan Manual Traction, Cervical Radiculopathy, neural mobilization, Numeric Pain Rating scale, Neck disability index
Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and its Risk Factors among Pakistani Females:
No full textBackground: A severe form of clinical depression is related to pregnancy and childbirth. As a new mom, a lot of challenges are encountered in getting used to life with a newborn including lack of sleep. Hormonal changes and fatigue may lead towards psychological maladjustment towards motherhood. Low socioeconomic status, family system, mode of delivery, ill health of infant may be the reasons behind postpartum depression.
Objective: To study the prevalence of postpartum depression among females.
Method: This Cross sectional study was conducted after ethical approval on a sample of 200 females of reproductive age (20-45years). Participants were selected through convenient random sampling on the basis of predefined eligibility criteria. Data were collected from primary and secondary healthcare facilities of district Sialkot using Edinburg postnatal depression screening tool.
Results: The mean age±Std Dev of the participants was 28.09±5.346 years ranging from 20 to 45. Mean±SD of total score EPDS was found 3.53±5.72 with 87.50% participants with score below 13. Out of 200, 25(12.50%) females were candidates for postpartum depression.
Conclusion: Postpartum depression screening helps recognition of the disorder. Postpartum depression among females of the target population is not negligible
Adaptation Strategies and Social Capital of Ulos Weaveers in Meat Tourism Village Tampahan District Toba District
No full textMeat Village is one of the villages in Toba Regency, North Sumatra Province, where the majority of the people are of the Toba Batak tribe. On February 11 2017, through the central government assistance program for the revitalization of traditional villages, the Directorate General of Culture, Ministry of Education and Culture (Ditjenbud), Meat Village was inaugurated as a tourism village. Before it became a tourism village in 2017, ulos weaving in Meat Village was only a part-time job, because the main job of the people of Meat Village was farming.
This research aims to interpret how ulos weavers adapted before and after the legalization of Meat Village as a Meat Tourism Village in 2017, as well as how social capital played a role in the market chain between ulos weavers and ulos middlemen before and after the approval of Meat Village as Meat Tourism Village in 2017. Also in this research the author also includes livelihood sociology theory where ulos as an intangible culture is able to open employment opportunities for village communities. This research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach.
The results of the research show that in terms of social adaptation after the Meat Village was designated as a tourist attraction, the community was not fully prepared, especially due to the large number of tourists visiting, therefore Pokdarwiis always provides tourism understanding regarding procedures for interacting with tourists who visit the Meat Village. In terms of social capital, after the Meat Village was declared a Meat Tourism Village, the ulos weavers formed an association based on their settlement, there were 3 groups of ulos weavers, namely the Mandiri Group, the Bintang Group and the Dos Ni Roha Group, the formation of this group was to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood among ulos weavers and to facilitate data collection so that village governments can build collaboration with the government and the private sector. From a sociological perspective, livelihood restoration, ulos weaving is a permanent livelihood for village ulos weavers, because they do not need to worry about ulos raw materials and ulos marketing because these facilities have been provided by middlemen.152 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Incorporating patient safety and quality course into the nursing curriculum: An assessment of student gains
No full textBackground: Training nursing students on quality and patient safety (PS) is crucial to ensuring safe healthcare practices given the key role nurses play on the healthcare team. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of quality and PS course on the knowledge, and system thinking of students at different stages of the undergraduate nursing course.Methods: A 4.5-day quality improvement and PS course was conducted at the Aga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery for 146 second- and 139 fourth-year students. Students\u27 knowledge, self-assessment of knowledge and skills, and system thinking were assessed using pretest and posttest.Results: Of the total of 20 points, the course significantly improved students\u27 knowledge by a mean of 4.91 points for second-year students (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.32-5.51) and 3.46 points for fourth-year students (95% CI, 2.90-4.02) between pretest and posttest. For systems thinking, the Systems Thinking Scale scores increased by 0.41 points (95% CI, 0.29-0.52) for second-year students and 0.33 points (95% CI, 0.22-0.44) for fourth-year students out of the total of 5 points. The self-assessment scores significantly increased on postcourse assessment for second (P \u3c 0.05) and fourth-year students (P \u3c 0.001). Positive experience reported by students in the narrative reflections complemented these results.Conclusions: There was a significant increase in nursing students\u27 knowledge, self-efficacy, and system thinking after participating in this short PS course. Replication at a national level may improve safety knowledge and skills among nursing students with subsequent gains in the safety of healthcare delivery in Pakistan
Planck intermediate results. LVI. Detection of the CMB dipole through modulation of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Eppur si muove II
No full textThe largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than
three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest
interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to
the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature
anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the
temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal
Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant,
detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with
direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes
power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we
estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes
negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales
