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PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN BANTUAN OPERASIONAL KESEHATAN DI KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR, SUMATERA SELATAN
Full text linkABSTRACTIntroduction: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia Republichas issued a policy on health operational fund (BOK) to increasethe access of service in health centers based on a decree ofthe Minister of Health Number 494/Menkes/SK/IV/2010 updatedthrough the regulation of the Minister of Health Number 210/Menkes/Per/I/2011 dated 31st January 2011 on the technicalguidelines for BOK. Ogan Ilir District has supported that policythrough a decree issued by the head of health office Number440/337/DKES/III/2011 and 440/22/DKES/III/2011, which eachregulates the forming of the management of Jamkesmas,Jampersal, and BOK as well as budget managers. This studyaimed to analyze the implementation of BOK policy in Ogan IlirDistrict.Methods: This study was an analysis of policy. The primarydata were obtained through direct observation and in-depthinterviews to 4 informants: Head of Ogan Ilir Health Office,management staff at Ogan Ilir Health Office, Head of IndralayaHealth Center and management staff at Indralaya Health Center.The secondary data were obtained through review of BOKdocuments.Results: BOK in Ogan Ilir had been implemented in 2010 throughthe social assistance and in April 2011 by co-administration bythe health office. The organizing of BOK referred to thetechnical guideline from the Ministry of Health. Financialmanagement referred to the financial management guidelinefrom the Directorate General of Nutrition and Maternal andChild Health. Disbursement of BOK began from proposing Planof Actions (POA) from health centers to health office to verifythe funds and then proposing disbursement to KPPN. The fundfor implementing program could be taken from BOK treasurer.The allocation of BOK at health centers was adjusted for thenumber of working areas, population, program coverage andgeographical conditions. BOK was prioritized for healthpromotion such as: maternal and child health, nutrition, bodymass index measurement, and communicable diseases. PerApril-June 2011, the fund for secretariat had been disbursedabout 40% used for dissemination, training and transport forhealth center treasurer. Reporting of BOK conducted fromhealth center to health office was on every date 5 thenforwarded to the province and to the Ministry of Health everymonth via online, as well as a written report to KPPN.Conclusion: The implementation of BOK in Ogan Ilir referredto the policy of the Ministry of Health and was followed upwith the policy of district health office. POA proposal is decisivedin the disbursement of BOK so it is recommended to the headof Ogan Ilir District Health Office to routinely ensuredissemination about BOK and guide all health centers inpreparation of POA for implementing policy effectively.Keywords: financing policy, health operational fund, healthcente
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN JAMINAN SOSIAL KESEHATAN SUMATERA SELATAN SEMESTA DI PUSKESMAS SE-KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2009
Full text linkBackground and objective: Universal Social Health Insuranceof South Sumatera (Jamsoskes) is an effort undertaken by theGovernment of South Sumatera to improve the accessibility ofhealth services for the people in South Sumatera, held since22 January 2009. The aim of this study was to analyze theimplementation of Jamsoskes policy in the community healthcenters in Palembang during the year 2009.Methods: This was a policy analysis research with qualitativeand quantitative approaches. Data were obtained in HealthOffice of South Sumatera Province, Health Office of PalembangCity, 38 community health centers in Palembang and users ofJamsoskes. Qualitative data were collected through: in-depthinterviews and FGDs, then quantitative data were collectedthrough review of documents related to Jamsoskes. Contentanalysis was used to analyze qualitative data and quantitativedata were analyzed by univariate statistics.Results: Results showed that: 1) Implementation of Jamsoskeshas been according to district regulation of South SumateraProvince Number 2/2009 and Governor Regulation Number 23/2009; 2) Source of funds were contribution from budget ofSouth Sumatera Province and Palembang City; 3) Organizingconsist of the provincial coordination team, the city coordinationteam, the service managers team, and verification officers. 4)The utilization of Jamsoskes in 38 community health centerswas 408.830 people and the total of referral 9.089 people. 5)Several problems in implementation of Jamsoskes i.e. on aspectof membership administration, services administration, andfinancial administration. There were incomplete identities inmembership administration, in services administration aspect,medical diagnosis’ or treatments sometimes were not appropriate,whereas in the financial administration, the claims cost werenot in accordance with district regulation. During the year 2009the difference between billing and approval of claims in 38community health centers at total of Rp21.037.000,00Conclusion: Health financing policy in Palembang City throughJamsoskes program was not optimal, as seen from severalproblems: membership, services, and financial administration.Recommendation for Health Office of South Sumatera Provinceto build membership database and not use Jamkesmasverificator for Jamsoskes verificator in order to reduce workoverload. Health Office of Palembang City need to disseminateroutinely of data verification to community health centers andalso to verificators. Community health centers need to intensifyprovisia of information to society about prerequirements to getJamsoskes service.Keywords: healthcare financing, social health insurance,community health center
Implementation of health operational funding policy in Ogan Ilir regency, South Sumatera province
No full textIntroduction: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia Republic
has issued a policy on health operational fund (BOK) to increase
the access of service in health centers based on a decree of
the Minister of Health Number 494/Menkes/SK/IV/2010 updated
through the regulation of the Minister of Health Number 210/
Menkes/Per/I/2011 dated 31st January 2011 on the technical
guidelines for BOK. Ogan Ilir District has supported that policy
through a decree issued by the head of health office Number
440/337/DKES/III/2011 and 440/22/DKES/III/2011, which each
regulates the forming of the management of Jamkesmas,
Jampersal, and BOK as well as budget managers. This study
aimed to analyze the implementation of BOK policy in Ogan Ilir
District.
Methods: This study was an analysis of policy. The primary
data were obtained through direct observation and in-depth
interviews to 4 informants: Head of Ogan Ilir Health Office,
management staff at Ogan Ilir Health Office, Head of Indralaya
Health Center and management staff at Indralaya Health Center.
The secondary data were obtained through review of BOK
documents.
Results: BOK in Ogan Ilir had been implemented in 2010 through
the social assistance and in April 2011 by co-administration by
the health office. The organizing of BOK referred to the
technical guideline from the Ministry of Health. Financial
management referred to the financial management guideline
from the Directorate General of Nutrition and Maternal and
Child Health. Disbursement of BOK began from proposing Plan
of Actions (POA) from health centers to health office to verify
the funds and then proposing disbursement to KPPN. The fund
for implementing program could be taken from BOK treasurer.
The allocation of BOK at health centers was adjusted for the
number of working areas, population, program coverage and
geographical conditions. BOK was prioritized for health
promotion such as: maternal and child health, nutrition, body
mass index measurement, and communicable diseases. Per
April-June 2011, the fund for secretariat had been disbursed
about 40% used for dissemination, training and transport for
health center treasurer. Reporting of BOK conducted from
health center to health office was on every date 5 then
forwarded to the province and to the Ministry of Health every
month via online, as well as a written report to KPPN.
Conclusion: The implementation of BOK in Ogan Ilir referred
to the policy of the Ministry of Health and was followed up
with the policy of district health office. POA proposal is decisived
in the disbursement of BOK so it is recommended to the head
of Ogan Ilir District Health Office to routinely ensure
dissemination about BOK and guide all health centers in
preparation of POA for implementing policy effectively
Akses Digital dan Status Kesehatan Masyarakat di Asia Tenggara: Studi Deskriptif di Indonesia, Malaysia, Dan Thailand
No full textInternet access has become an important part of people's lives. Various digital platforms have been used to deliver health information to large populations. This study aimed to describe the health status based on digital access and sociodemographic factors of people in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. This study was a secondary data analysis of the World Value Survey Wave 7 (2017–2022) with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was the population aged 18 years and over, with a total of 2,917 respondents in Indonesia, 1,313 respondents in Malaysia, and 1,446 respondents in Thailand. The data were analyzed descriptively. Respondents in Thailand had the best health status (98.5%). Meanwhile, respondents who utilized digital access were most prevalent in Malaysia (95.4%). In all three countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, most respondents who utilize digital access have a good health status. Good health status in all three countries is dominated by male respondents, productive age, having ≤4 family members, working, being married, and having a high education level.Akses digital pada sistem kesehatan sangat penting untuk mengatasi kendala dalam penyampaian informasi kesehatan. Akses terhadap informasi kesehatan yang benar dapat meningkatkan kesehatan individu dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan status kesehatan berdasarkan akses digital dan faktor sosiodemografi masyarakat di Asia Tenggara khususnya Indonesia, Malaysia dan Thailand. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis data sekunder World Value Survey Wave 7 (2017-2021) dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah penduduk dengan usia 18 tahun ke atas, dengan jumlah masing-masing Indonesia 2.917 responden, Malaysia 1.313 responden dan Thailand 1.446 responden. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Persentase responden dengan status kesehatan baik di Indonesia (92,7%), Malaysia (96,2%) dan Thailand (98,5%). Persentase masyarakat yang pernah mengakses informasi secara digital di Indonesia (54,1%), Malaysia (95,4%) dan Thailand (72,4%). Responden di Thailand paling banyak memiliki status kesehatan baik (98,5%). Sedangkan responden yang memanfaatkan akses digital terbanyak terdapat di negara Malaysia (95,4%). Di ketiga negara yakni Indonesia, Malaysia dan Thailand, sebagian besar responden yang memanfaatkan akses digital memiliki status kesehatan yang baik. Status kesehatan yang baik di ketiga negara didominasi responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki, usia produktif, memiliki anggota keluarga ≤4, bekerja, menikah dan tingkat pendidikan tinggi
Predictors of Indonesian National Health Insurance Knowledge: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Public Health Students in Palembang
Full text linkStudents, as agents of change, are expected to assist in reaching the success of the Indonesian National Health Insurance/Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) program. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the JKN knowledge among public health students and the associated factors in Palembang City, Indonesia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to collect data from 279 students at Universitas Sriwijaya in Palembang City, Indonesia. The analyzed variables included gender, age, marital status, residence, family size, income, study level and period, as well as source of JKN information. Additionally, statistical analysis using binary logistic regression, presenting odds ratio and 95% CI, was conducted to identify the determinants of JKN knowledge with significance set at a p-value <0.05. The results showed that 92.47% of respondents had low JKN knowledge with the following characteristics; female (93.83%), aged >20 years (92.93%), not married (93.75%), living in urban areas (90.24%), having family members >4 people (91.39%), income ≤UMR (93.38%), undergraduate level (93.70%), study period ≤2 years (93.89%), and receiving information from the Social Security Administration Agency for Health/Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (BPJSK) (94.32%). The most associated variable with JKN knowledge was residence after being controlled by gender, study period, and information source variables. Specifically, respondents residing in urban areas (aOR = 10.73; 95% CI: 1.32–86.89) showed a higher likelihood of having good JKN knowledge than those in rural areas
Evaluasi Program Pencegahan Stunting di Puskesmas Simpang Periuk Kota Lubuklinggau
Full text linkPuskesmas Simpang Periuk memiliki peran dalam mencegah dan menanggulangi masalah stunting di wilayah kerjanya, yaitu melalui inovasi program kesehatan Pak Camat (Pantau Kilat Calon Mama Terpadu) dan Tebu Manis (Tepung Bubur Masak Praktis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program Pak Camat dan Tebu Manis menggunakan pendekatan sistem yang terdiri dari aspek input, proses, dan output. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Informan penelitian ini berjumlah 12 orang meliputi: 1 bendahara Puskesmas, 1 pengelola program dan 4 petugas program, serta 6 peserta program yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa pada aspek input, diperlukan tambahan sumber daya manusia untuk program Tebu Manis dan juga diperlukan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana yang diperlukan yang dapat bersumber dari dana kapitasi jaminan kesehatan nasional atau dana desa. Pelaksanaan kedua program berjalan dengan baik, meskipun promosi kepada khalayak yang lebih luas perlu ditingkatkan. Kemudian output dari kedua program tersebut telah tercapai sehingga berkontribusi dalam mencegah dan mengurangi stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simpang Periuk. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan program Pak Camat dan Tebu Manis dilihat dari sisi input, proses, dan output sudah cukup optimal
Implementasi Program Inovasi “Payung Penting” dan “Gaya Puspaku” di Puskesmas Pakem, Kabupaten Sleman
Full text linkStunting merupakan keadaan gagal tumbuh pada balita akibat kekurangan gizi kronis yang ditandai dengan kondisi tubuh lebih pendek. Menurut data Riskesdas tahun 2018 prevalensi balita stunting di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 30.8% sedangkan target WHO yaitu 20%. Puskesmas Pakem menciptakan inovasi program “Payung Penting” dan “Gaya Puspaku” untuk penanggulangan stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi program “Payung Penting” dan “Gaya Puspaku” di Puskesmas Pakem, Sleman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa petugas pelaksana program merasa senang dan bersemangat dengan adanya program tersebut, petugas juga memiliki efikasi diri dan pemahaman yang baik terkait program. Program dinilai efektif karena angka stunting di Kecamatan Pakem mengalami penurunan. Akan tetapi masih terdapat kekurangan yaitu pada sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai, terdapat kesulitan ketika melakukan pendekatan dengan lintas sektor, serta hambatan dari masyarakat yang masih percaya akan mitos terkait imunisasi dan ASI eksklusif. Selain itu, kader mengalami kesulitan saat melakukan pendampingan karena sulit menemukan waktu yang sesuai, serta kader merasa bahwa peserta program tidak sepenuhnya menerima informasi yang diberikan oleh kader. Implementasi program “Payung Penting” dan “Gaya Puspaku” memberikan dampak positif dalam pencegahan stunting. Akan tetapi masih terdapat hambatan terkait sarana, kerja sama lintas sektor, dan pada proses pendampingan oleh kader.
Kepatuhan Membayar Iuran Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) Non Penerima Bantuan Iuran (Non-PBI) di Wilayah Pulau Jawa
Full text linkProgram Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang diselenggarakan oleh Badan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (BPJS) Kesehatan merupakan program pemerintah Indonesia sebagai upaya menuju Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Jaminan kesehatan nasional ditujukan untuk meningkatkan akses dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat, mulai dari pelayanan promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif. Kepatuhan peserta JKN Non PBI dalam pembayaran iuran JKN adalah penting, guna keberlanjutan pembiayaan program JKN. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kepatuhan membayar iuran JKN peserta Non PBI di enam provinsi di wilayah Pulau Jawa sebelum dan sesudah pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Republik Indonesia yakni data profil kabupaten/kota meliputi jumlah penduduk, penduduk usia produktif, status pekerjaan penduduk, penduduk tamatan SMA/sederajat, pendapatan per kapita penduduk dan data kepatuhan membayar iuran JKN dari website sistem monitoring evaluasi Dewan Jaminan Sosial Nasional (DJSN). Analisis data secara univariat yang disajikan melalui tabel, grafik dan peta digital. Didapatkan hasil bahwa provinsi Jawa Barat di tahun 2022 memiliki jumlah penduduk terbanyak. Penduduk berusia produktif, memiliki pekerjaan, dan tamatan SMA/sederajat terbanyak juga berada di provinsi Jawa Barat. Sedangkan pendapatan per kapita tertinggi ditemukan di provinsi DKI Jakarta. Trend kepatuhan membayar iuran JKN pada peserta Non PBI di Indonesia selama tahun 2018-2022 adalah fluktuatif. Penurunan kepatuhan selama terjadinya pandemi Covid-19 di tahun 2020 hingga 2021 dan kembali naik di tahun 2022 setelah pandemi Covid-19 berakhir. Pada tahun 2022, lebih dari separuh wilayah kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa menunjukkan persentase kepatuhan membayar iuran JKN di bawah persentase nasional (73,7%).
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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