84 research outputs found
Samuel Beckett and the Writers of Port-Royal
No full textIt has been observed that ‘the literary influences on Beckett have been far more important than has been acknowledged, and more important indeed, than the philosophical influences’ (Smith 2002: 3). The truth of this statement is evidenced by the description that scholars have given of Samuel Beckett’s relationship to seventeenth century French classicism. To date, critical interest has been limited for the most part to the figure of the philosopher René Descartes on the (fragile) grounds that Beckett was exclusively concerned with the Cartesian imperative of clarity and order, the fundamental dualism between body and mind, and Nominalism.
Together with the assumption that Beckett’s vision was essentially Cartesian, his literary filiation with Pascal was suggested by critics, but only in terms of Beckett’s formal approach to the theatre. In his short article on En attendant Godot in 1953, the playwright Jean Anouilh was among the first reviewers to suggest that Beckett’s drama synthesizes the encounter between ‘classicism’ and a ‘modern’ form of art. It is well known that Beckett retained a lifelong admiration for Pascal – indeed, Pascal was one of his ‘old chestnuts’ (Knowlson 1997: 653). Little attention has been paid, however, to the originality of Pascal’s thought, the specific nature of his prose, and the impact these might have had upon Beckett’s mature work, especially the trilogy and the subsequent short prose. Yet, in the literary and philosophical context of post-war France, Beckett’s filiation with Pascal, their corresponding preoccupations, were evident to his contemporaries, who identified Pascal as an underlying presence in his works
Neurofeedback Treatment in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbit Aggression
No full textThe present thesis focused on specificity and long-term effects of slow-cortical potential neurofeedback (SCP-NF) treatment for children with ADHD in a large multicenter randomized controlled trial, on its relation to aggressive behaviors as a common comorbidity of ADHD, and on neuroimaging and psychophysiological subtypes of aggression. We assessed clinical efficacy on ADHD and comorbid aggression in comparison to a semi-active control group which controlled for unspecific effects. The role of self-regulation and learning of SCPs was systematically evaluated. Additionally, we investigated amygdala-specific activity in aggression subtypes in a large multicenter cohort, which might provide a possible putative NF target.
The first two studies assessed 150 children aged 7–9 years diagnosed with ADHD which were randomized to 25 sessions of feedback of SCPs (NF) or feedback of coordination of the supraspinatus muscles (EMG). The primary outcome was the change in ADHD symptoms rated by parents four weeks and six-month after treatment end. Slow-cortical potential neurofeedback showed significant superiority over the semi-active control condition with medium effect sizes four weeks after treatment. This superiority of SCP-NF over the semi-active control group became non-significant 6 months after treatment end. However, taking together all assessments, SCP-NF showed a stable improvement with large effect sizes following treatment and EMG-BF showed worsening of symptoms one month after treatment, with subsequent remission at follow-up, leading to non-significant group differences six months after treatment end. Assessment of self-regulation showed significant ability to self-regulate slow-cortical potential when direct feedback is given and improvement of self-regulation skills indicate specificity of SCP-NF for selected subscales after training, but not at follow-up. In sum, these findings suggest shared specific and unspecific effects contributing to this clinical outcome.
The third study aimed to disentangle aggression-related subtypes at a neural level. In total 177 participants (n=108 cases with aggression-related disorders and n= 69 typically developing peers), aged 8-18 years were assessed across nine sites in Europa during a well-established emotional face-matching fMRI task. Additionally, simultaneous skin conductance recordings were acquired in a subsample (n=64). Children and adolescents with aggression-related problems showed higher amygdala activity in response to negative faces compared to typically developing peers. Further, we showed distinct amygdala activity for subtypes of aggression. Callous-unemotional traits showed to moderate both central (amygdala) and peripheral (SC) responses. These findings increase insights which could be used for personalized diagnostics and treatments
Measurement of the D+/- production asymmetry in 7 TeV pp collisions
No full textThe asymmetry in the production cross-section \sigma of D+/- mesons, A_P = (\sigma(D+) - \sigma(D-))/(\sigma(D+) + \sigma(D-)), is measured in bins of pseudorapidity \eta and transverse momentum p_T within the acceptance of the LHCb detector. The result is obtained with a sample of D+ -> K_S pi+ decays corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^-1, collected in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. When integrated over the kinematic range 2.0 K_S pi+ decay is negligible. No significant dependence on \eta or p_T is observed
L'analyse lexicale selon Maurice Toussaint à la lumière de la " théorie de la saillance " : propositions complémentaires
No full textInternational audienceAbstract The lexical analysis of Maurice Toussaint in the light of the "theory of salience": additional proposals Maurice Toussaint constructed a theory of analysis of the sign based on the rationalisation of the articulatory qualities of phonemes, what he names the infraphonemic level. The movements in the three-dimensional bucco-pharyngeal space are considered as units that the author calls kinemes. And these kinemes are able to establish a link with the cognitive sphere of language. We propose, in this article, to resume some case studies of Toussaint's and demonstrate what they gain by being completed by extending or going beyond the fundamental postulates which motivated them : the massive non-arbitrariness of the sign and, de facto, the "a signifier : a signified" principle. To this purpose we will apply our own method, the "theory of salience", which aims at detecting, by morpho-semantic analogy, submorphemic elements of all kinds (phono-articulatory, graphic) and types (duplicative, not duplicative). The object of these additional criteria is to demonstrate that, by taking into account all the aspects of the signifier, the legacy of Toussaint's theory of sign acquires all the more originality. Following the example of Guiraud, we mix the onomagiological and semasiological approaches about the concept of "movement" in several languages and the adjectives big, small, large and their "synonyms" linked to the concept of "smallness / greatness".L'analyse lexicale selon Maurice Toussaint à la lumière de la " théorie de la saillance " : propositions complémentaires Maurice Toussaint a échafaudé une théorie d'analyse du signe axée sur la rationalisation des qualités articulatoires des phonèmes, ce qu'il nomme le niveau infraphonématique. Les mouvements enregistrables dans l'espace tridimensionnel bucco-pharyngal sont alors considérés sous la forme d'unités que l'auteur nomme les kinèmes. Et ces kinèmes sont aptes à établir un lien avec la sphère cognitive du langage. Nous proposons, dans cet article, de reprendre quelques études de cas menées par Toussaint et de démontrer dans quelle mesure elles gagnent à être complétées par un dépassement ou un prolongement des postulats fondamentaux qui les ont motivées : la non-arbitrarité massive du signe et, de fait, le principe " un signifiant : un signifié ". Nous appliquerons pour cela notre propre méthode, la " théorie de la saillance ", qui vise à détecter par analogie morpho-sémantique des éléments (souvent) submorphologiques de toutes natures (phono-articulatoires, graphiques) et de tous types (duplicatifs, non duplicatifs). Ces critères complémentaires ont pour objet ici de démontrer qu'en tenant compte de toutes les facettes du signifiant, l'héritage de la théorie toussainctienne du signe acquiert d'autant plus de relief. Dans un esprit guiraldien, nous mêlerons les approches sémasiologique et onomasiologique autour de l'idée de " mouvement " dans plusieurs langues puis des adjectifs big, small, large et leurs " synonymes " liés au concept de " petitesse / grandeur "
L'analyse lexicale selon Maurice Toussaint à la lumière de la " théorie de la saillance " : propositions complémentaires
No full textInternational audienceAbstract The lexical analysis of Maurice Toussaint in the light of the "theory of salience": additional proposals Maurice Toussaint constructed a theory of analysis of the sign based on the rationalisation of the articulatory qualities of phonemes, what he names the infraphonemic level. The movements in the three-dimensional bucco-pharyngeal space are considered as units that the author calls kinemes. And these kinemes are able to establish a link with the cognitive sphere of language. We propose, in this article, to resume some case studies of Toussaint's and demonstrate what they gain by being completed by extending or going beyond the fundamental postulates which motivated them : the massive non-arbitrariness of the sign and, de facto, the "a signifier : a signified" principle. To this purpose we will apply our own method, the "theory of salience", which aims at detecting, by morpho-semantic analogy, submorphemic elements of all kinds (phono-articulatory, graphic) and types (duplicative, not duplicative). The object of these additional criteria is to demonstrate that, by taking into account all the aspects of the signifier, the legacy of Toussaint's theory of sign acquires all the more originality. Following the example of Guiraud, we mix the onomagiological and semasiological approaches about the concept of "movement" in several languages and the adjectives big, small, large and their "synonyms" linked to the concept of "smallness / greatness".L'analyse lexicale selon Maurice Toussaint à la lumière de la " théorie de la saillance " : propositions complémentaires Maurice Toussaint a échafaudé une théorie d'analyse du signe axée sur la rationalisation des qualités articulatoires des phonèmes, ce qu'il nomme le niveau infraphonématique. Les mouvements enregistrables dans l'espace tridimensionnel bucco-pharyngal sont alors considérés sous la forme d'unités que l'auteur nomme les kinèmes. Et ces kinèmes sont aptes à établir un lien avec la sphère cognitive du langage. Nous proposons, dans cet article, de reprendre quelques études de cas menées par Toussaint et de démontrer dans quelle mesure elles gagnent à être complétées par un dépassement ou un prolongement des postulats fondamentaux qui les ont motivées : la non-arbitrarité massive du signe et, de fait, le principe " un signifiant : un signifié ". Nous appliquerons pour cela notre propre méthode, la " théorie de la saillance ", qui vise à détecter par analogie morpho-sémantique des éléments (souvent) submorphologiques de toutes natures (phono-articulatoires, graphiques) et de tous types (duplicatifs, non duplicatifs). Ces critères complémentaires ont pour objet ici de démontrer qu'en tenant compte de toutes les facettes du signifiant, l'héritage de la théorie toussainctienne du signe acquiert d'autant plus de relief. Dans un esprit guiraldien, nous mêlerons les approches sémasiologique et onomasiologique autour de l'idée de " mouvement " dans plusieurs langues puis des adjectifs big, small, large et leurs " synonymes " liés au concept de " petitesse / grandeur "
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B0 -> J/ψ KS0 decays
No full textThis Letter reports a measurement of the CP violation observables SJ/ψK0S and CJ/ψK0S in the decay channel B0→J/ψK0S performed with 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. The fit to the data yields SJ/ψK0S=0.73±0.07(stat)±0.04(syst) and CJ/ψK0S=0.03±0.09(stat)±0.01(syst). Both values are consistent with the current world averages and within
expectations from the Standard Model
First observation of Bs → J/ψf0(980) decays
No full textUsing data collected with the LHCb detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, the hadronic decay is observed. This CP eigenstate mode could be used to measure mixing-induced CP violation in the system. Using a fit to the π+π− mass spectrum with interfering resonances gives . In the interval ±90 MeV around 980 MeV, corresponding to approximately two full f0 widths we also find , where in both cases the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively
Measurement of the inclusive φ cross-section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV
No full textThe cross-section for inclusive φ meson production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV has been measured with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The differential cross-section is measured as a function of the φ transverse momentum pT and rapidity y in the region 0.6< pT <5.0 GeV/c and 2.44< y <4.06. The cross-section for inclusive φ production in this kinematic range is σ(pp→φX)=1758±19(stat) +43−14(syst)±182(scale) μb, where the first systematic uncertainty depends on the pT and y region and the second is related to the overall scale. Predictions based on the Pythia 6.4 generator underestimate the cross-section
Measurement of the effective B0s→K+K− lifetime
No full textA measurement of the effective lifetime is presented using approximately 37 pb−1 of data collected by LHCb during 2010. This quantity can be used to put constraints on contributions from processes beyond the Standard Model in the meson system and is determined by two complementary approaches as
τKK=1.440±0.096 (stat)±0.008 (syst)±0.003 (model) ps
Observation of the suppressed ADS modes B± → [π±K-/+ π+π-]D K± and B± → [π± K-/+π+π-]Dπ±
No full textAn analysis of and B± → DK± and B± → Dπ±
decays is presented where the D meson is reconstructed in the four-body final state K± π-/+π+π-. Using LHCb data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb-1, first observations are made of the suppressed ADS modes B± →[π± K-/+π+π-]DK± and B± → [π± K-/+π+π-]Dπ± with a significance of 5.1 sigma and greater than 10 sigma, respectively. Measurements of CP asymmetries and CP-conserving ratios of partial widths from this family of decays are also performed. The magnitude of the ratio between the suppressed and favoured B± → DK ± amplitudes is determined to be rKB = 0.097 ± 0.011
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