589 research outputs found
CULTURAL VALUES STRUGGLE IN “PERJUMPAAN MALAM” SHORT STORY BY H. USMAN HERMAWAN, M. PD.
No full textCultural transition is a necessity. The form of the transition can be seen as social practice, one of it through narrative discourse. Narrative discourse is the result of active interaction between objective social classes with linguistic habitus by social agent. In the context of social practice, narrative discourse and “interest” is inseparable. When an author describe a concept, the author do not simply choose the word but, consciously or not, the author select the dictions with assumptions, values, and ideology that was attached in the word. The purpose of these study are to get an objective description of doxa, the arena of cultural values struggle, and habitual practice in “Perjumpaan Malam” short story. The method used in these study is the qualitative method through critical discourse analysis approach. The data resource is the text of “Perjumpaan Malam” short story by H. Usman Hermawan, M.Pd. published in Horison Online on February 4th2014. The data collection done by intensive reading method, while data analysis done by social function paradigm. The result of the study are as follows. The doxa in “Perjumpaan Malam” short story is the necessity of globalization. However, the society need to preserve the local values because globalization does not always correspond with Indonesian culture. The arena of cultural values struggle are the global, local, religion, and gender equality arena. The habitual practice was done by punishing people who violate local values, punishing people who violate religious values, as well as lifting the values of gender equality.Keywords: Culture Values, Struggle, Short Stor
Dynamic Simulation and Composition Control in A 10 L Mixing Tank
No full textThe open loop experiment of composition dynamic in a 10 L mixing tank has been successfully done in laboratory. A 10 L tank was designed for mixing of water (as a stream-1) and salt solution (as a stream-2 with salt concentration, c2¬ constant). An electric stirrer was employed to obtain uniform composition in tank. In order to keep the liquid volume constant, the system was designed overflow. In this work, 2 composition control configurations have been proposed; they are Alternative-1 and Alternative-2. For Alternative-1, the volumetric-rate of stream-1 is chosen as a manipulated variable, while the volumetric-rate of stream-2 is chosen as a manipulated variable for Alternative-2. The composition control parameters for both alternatives have been tuned experimentally. The volumetric-rate of manipulated variable was changed based on step function. The outlet stream’s composition response (c3) to a change in the input volumetric-rate has been investigated. This research gave Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control parameters. The gain controllers Kc [cm6/(gr.sec)] for Alternative-1 and Alternative-2 are –34200 and 40459 respectively. Integral time constant (
I) and Derivative time constant (D) for both alternatives are the same, i.e.
I = 16 second, and D = 4 second. Furthermore, closed loop dynamic simulation using computer programming was also done to evaluate the resulted tuning parameters. The developed mathematical model of composition control system in a mixing tank was solved numerically. Such mathematical model was rigorously examined in Scilab software environment. As can be seen from our closed loop simulation, closed loop responses in PID control were faster than those in P and PI controls
Upaya Perawatan Alat Pemadam Api Jenis Portable Foam di MT. KATOMAS: Hadi Pramono, M. Hermawan, Ryan Adiputera
No full textWhen there is combustion there are three main components that cause the fire which is commonly called the Fire Triangle. The fire triangle itself consists of unified and balanced Heat, Fuel and Oxygen that will cause fires to the point where workers are also very detrimental to the company if this happens if it is not immediately addressed. The author in collecting the data needed until the completion of writing this scientific paper, uses the method of approach and data collection by Observation and Literature Study on the MT ship. Katomas which is an oil product cargo ship which is a flammable liquid, the best extinguishing agent is foam fire extinguisher. Fire fighting equipment is also not only a supporting factor but also an indispensable factor and is part of the ship and its crew. Safety concerns the safety of the cargo, crew and ship itself. Then the damage to the fire extinguisher and the decline in the work function of the tool is due to lack of maintenance and attention to the extinguisher which causes the work of the device to be less than optimal.
Keywords : Portable fire extinguisher, Foam fire extinguisher, Fire fighting equipment
Saat terjadi pembakaran ada tiga komponen utama yang menyebabkan terjadinya api yang biasa disebut Segitiga Api. Segitiga api itu sendiri terdiri dari Heat, Fuel dan Oxygen yang bersatu dan seimbang yang akan menimbulkan kebakaran hingga membahayakan para pekerja juga sangat merugikan Perusahaan apabila hal ini terjadi jika tidak segera ditanggulangi. Penulis dalam mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan hingga selesainya penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini, menggunakan metode pendekatan dan pengumpulan data dengan Observasi dan Studi Pustaka pada kapal MT. Katomas yang merupakan kapal muatan Oil Product yang merupakan zat cair yang mudah terbakar, maka zat pemadam yang paling baik adalah jenis pemadam api foam. Peralatan pemadam kebakaran juga bukan hanya faktor pendukung tetapi juga merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat diperlukan dan menjadi bagian dari kapal dan awaknya. Keselamatan yang menyangkut keselamatan pada muatan, awak kapal, dan kapalnya itu sendiri. Maka kerusakan alat pemadam api dan menurunnya fungsi kerja dari alat tersebut dikarenakan akibat kurangnya perawatan dan perhatian terhadap alat pemadam tersebut yang menyebabkan kerja dari alat tersebut menjadi kurang optimal.
Kata Kunci : Pemadam Api Portabel, Pemadam Api Foam, Peralatan pemadam kebakara
Analysis of the Effect of Water Fall Height on the Performance of Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Whirlpool Type Turbines
No full text68 HalamanPembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) adalah pembangkit tenaga listrik dengan memanfaatkan aliran air sehingga menghasilkan energi listrik. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja PLTA antara lain tinggi jatuh air terbaik, torsi pada turbin, daya listrik, daya generator dan efesiensi yang diciptakan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghitung pengaruh tinggi jatuh air terhadap kinerja pembangkit listrik tenaga air turbin tipe whirlpool dan menganalisis daya, torsi, dan efisiensi yang dapat dihasilkan pembangkit listrik tenaga air menggunakan turbin tipe whirlpool. Penelitian ini memiliki percobaan pengukuran 3 variasi tinggi jatuh air dengan 5 bilah sudu. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada prototype PLTA, dilaksanakan 3 kali uji coba dengan hasil data tinggi jatuh air, debit air, torsi, daya serta efisiensi. Potensi tinggi jatuh air terbaik (head) pada Prototype PLTA pada uji cobake 3 dengan tinggi 0,67 m dan bukan pintu air yang berdiameter 0,0625 m dengan debit air 0,01143, sedangkan debit air terendah pada tinggi jatuh air (head) 0,55 m dengan debit air 0,01036. Dari percobaan yang dilakukan daya air terbesar pada uji coba ke 3 tinggi jatuh air (head) 0,67 m dengan bukaan pintu air yang berdiameter 0,0625 m didapat daya air 75,13 Watt, daya generator 5,16 Watt, torsi 0,233 N.m, daya turbin tanpa beban generator 3,73 Watt, daya turbin dengan beban generator 2,63 Watt dan efisiensi 6,87 %. Dengan data yang diperoleh dari kinerja prototype PLTA dapat digunakan untuk alat pengujian skala laboratorium. Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) is a power plant by utilizing the flow of water to produce electrical energy. The research was conducted to determine the performance of hydropower plants, including the best water fall height, torque on the turbine, electrical power, generator power and the efficiency created. The purpose of this study is to calculate the effect of the height of the falling water on the performance of a whirlpool turbine type hydroelectric power plant and to analyze the power, torque, and efficiency that can be produced by a hydroelectric power plant using a whirlpool type turbine. This study has an experiment measuring 3 variations of the height of the falling water with 5 blades. The research that was carried out on the hydropower prototype was carried out 3 trials with the results of data on water fall height, water discharge, torque, power and efficiency. The best potential head of the PLTA Prototype in test 3 with a height of 0.67 m and not a sluice with a diameter of 0.0625 m with a water discharge of 0.01143, while the lowest water discharge is at a head of 0 .55 m with a water debit of 0.01036. From the experiment, the largest water power was carried out in the 3rd trial, the height of the water fall (head) was 0.67 m with a sluice opening with a diameter of 0.0625 m, it was obtained that the water power was 75.13 Watt, the generator power was 5.16 Watt, the torque was 0.233 N.m, turbine power without generator load is 3.73 Watt, turbine power with generator load is 2.63 Watt and efficiency is 6.87%. The data obtained from the performance of the hydropower prototype can be used for laboratory scale testing tools
Design of Screw Turbines micro hydro power plant laboratory scale 50 W
No full text68 HalamanKebutuhan energi listrik yang terjadi di dunia berdampak pada
keterbatasan bahan bakar minyak yang mengakibatkan kurangnya ketersediaan
listrik, maka diadakanlah penelitian-penelitian untuk membuat Pusat Tenaga
Listrik Mikro Hidro (PTLMH) dengan memanfaatkan bermacam tipe turbin air.
Salah satu dari tipe turbin yang sangat berpotensi untuk pembangkit listrik
mikrohidro pada sungai-sungai di Indonesia adalah Turbin Screw(Archimedean
Turbine).Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Membuat Survey pelanggan untuk Turbin
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro, Merancang dan memilih konsep Turbin
Ulir Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro, Menganalisis elemen mesin Turbin
Ulir Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro. Metodologi yang digunakan
meliputi beberapa pembagian tahap yaitu, studi literatur, Pengumpulan Alat /
Bahan, membuat konsep perancangan perhitungan ukuran dimensi rancangan, dan
gambar desain menggunakan software AutoCad. Hasil dari penelitian ini
didapatkan ukuran dimensi seperti, panjang turbin 0,87 m, diameter dalam turbin
0,19 m, diameter luar 0,35 m, jarak ulir 0,29 m, tinggi ulir 0,8 m, jumlah ulir 3
buah, dan menggunakan 2 sudu. The need for electrical energy that occurs in the world has an impact on
the limitations of fuel oil which results in a lack of electricity availability, so
research is carried out to create a Microhydro Electric Power Center (PTLMH)
by utilizing various types of water turbines. One of the types of turbines that have
the potential to generate micro-hydro power in rivers in Indonesia is the Screw
Turbine (Archimedean Turbine). The purpose of this research is to make a
customer survey for the micro-hydro power plant turbine, design and select the
concept of the micro-hydro power plant screw turbine, analyze the machine
elements of the micro-hydro power plant screw turbine. The methodology used
includes several stages, namely, literature study, Collection of Tools / Materials,
making design concepts, calculating design dimensions, and design drawings
using AutoCad software. The results of this study obtained dimensions such as
turbine length 0.87 m, turbine inside diameter 0.19 m, outer diameter 0.35 m,
thread spacing 0.29 m, thread height 0.8 m, number of threads 3, and use 2
spoons
Desain Konseptual Mesin Penangkap dan Pengangkut Tandan Buah Sawit di dalam Kebun
No full textIn oil palm harvesting, falling fruit bunches have a considerable potential energy, which can be captured and used to power the wheelbarrow in evacuating the fruit bunches. This study was conducted to measure the coefficient of rolling resistance of a wheel barrow, analyze the potential energy of falling fresh fruit bunch, design a conceptual design of the catchment platform and evacuation machine. Measurement of wheel rolling resistance and soil penetration resistance were conducted at the evacuation track in the field. The energy potential of the falling fruit bunches was measured during harvesting, with variations of the fruit height of approximately 3 m, 8 m, 9 m and 15 m. The results showed that machine mobility in the field was very good. Soil penetration resistance was in the range of 16.44-22.10 kgf/cm2. Average coefficient of rolling resistance of the wheels was 0.159. Potential energy of falling fruit bunches were in the range of 0.44-4.44 kJ. Theoretical traveling distance of the wheel barrow using the captured potential energy was in the range of 2.27 m - 22.98 m. A conceptual design of catchment flatform and evacuation machine was designed
Performance Analysis of Micro Power Plant Screw Turbines With Variations in Shaft Tilt Angle
No full text50 HalamanTurbin ulir (Archimede Screw) merupakan salah satu jenis turbin yang digunakan
pada sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PL TMH). Archimedes Screw
dulunya digunakan oleh manusia sebagai pompa air untuk mempennudah
mengambil air dari sungai, namun seiring berjalannya waktu kini kegunaan
Archimedes Screw telah berubah menjadi turbin air. Archimedes Screw merniliki
keunggulan yaitu ramah lingkungan karena tidak mengganggu ekositem air,
merniliki head yang rendah dan efisiensi yang dihasilkanjuga cukup tinggi. Faktor
yang mempengaruhi kinetja turbin ulir adalah sudut kerniringan, head air, debit air
dan blade turbin ulir. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui
berapa sudut kerniringan terbaik untuk menghasilkan daya dan efisiensi tertinggi
untuk diterapkan pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA). Variasi sudut
kerniringan poros turbin ulir yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini yaitu sudut 32°,
37°, 42° dan 47° dengan diameter blade 0,35 m, jarak blade 0,29 m dan panjang
blade 0,87 m, dengan debit air 0,013 m3/s. Dari basil penelitian ini diperoleh
putaran rata-rata maksimum poros turbin 194,66 rpm dan putaran generator 621,33
rpm, daya generator 36,42 Watt dan efisiensi tertinggi 37,5% pada sudut 47°. The screw turbine ( Archimede Screw ) is one type of turbine used in the Micro
Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) system. Archimedes Screw used to be used by
humans as a water pump to make it easier to take water from rivers, but over time
now the use of Archimedes Screw has turned into a water turbine. Archimedes
Screw has the advantage that it is environmentally friendly because it does not
interfere with the water ecosystem, has a low head and the resulting efficiency is
also quite high. Factors that affect the performance of screw turbines are tilt
angle, water head, water flow and bladescrew turbine. The purpose of this
research is to find out what is the best slope angle to produce the highest power
and efficiency to be applied to Hydroelectric Power Plants (PLTA). Variations in
the tilt angle of the screw turbine shaft used in this study were 32°, 3JO, 42° and 4JO
with a blade diameter of 0.35 m, a blade distance of 0.29 m and a blade length of
0.87 m, with a water flow rate of0.013 m 3 Is .. From the results of this study, the
maximum average rotation of the turbine shaft is 194.66 rpm and the generator
rotation is 621.33 rpm, the generator power is 36,42 Watt and the highest efficiency
is 37,5% at an angle 47
UJI BEDA PENGGUNAAN BAHAN SERBUK KAPUR BOJONEGORO PADA PEMBUATAN BATA BETON RINGAN CELLULAR LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE (CLC) TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN
No full textABSTRACT Hermawan, Andhi. 2016.Uji Beda Penggunaan Bahan Serbuk Kapur Bojonegoro Pada Pembuatan Bata Beton Ringan Cellular Lightweght Concrete (CLC) Terhadap Kuat Tekan. Skripsi, Program Studi S1 Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Drs. Bambang Djatmiko, S.T, M.T. (II) Drs. Wahyo Hendarto Yoh, M.T.Kata Kunci: Bata beton ringan, Cellular Lightweght Concrete (CLC), serbuk kapur, kuat tekanBata Beton ringan adalah batu bata yang memiliki berat jenis lebih ringan daripada bata pada umumnya. Bata ringan dikenal ada 2 (dua) jenis: Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) dan Cellular Lightweight Concrete (CLC). Bata beton ringan CLC sendiri terbuat dari campuran pasir, semen, air dan foam yang digunakan dan kepadatan yang diperoleh dapat disesuaikan mulai dari 350 kg/m³ sampai 1.800 kg/m³ dan kekuatan dapat juga dicapai dari serendah 1,5 sampai lebih 30 N/mm².Salah satu daerah penghasil kapur adalah Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Pegunungan kapur yang terbentang di belahan timur Kecamatan Baureno, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kuat tekan bata beton ringan normal tanpa tambahan serbuk kapur dengan bata beton ringan yang diberi bahan tambahan serbuk kapur dengan komposisi campuran bervariasi dan mengetahui komposisi campuran serbuk kapur yang menghasilkan kuat tekan optimum, serta memanfaatkan bahan campuran dari daerah lokal.Metode penelitian eksperimental post test only dengan variasi penambahan Serbuk kapur sebagai variabel bebas dan kuat tekan bata beton ringan sebagai variabel terikat. Uji Anova dilakukan untuk uji bersama dan uji Tukey untuk uji berpasangan. Variasi komposisi campuran 1Sm : 2 Ps : 0 Sk (kelompok A) sebagai kelompok kontrol; 1Sm : 2 Ps : 1 Sk (kelompok B) sebagai kelompok perlakuan; 1Sm : 2 Ps : 1.5 Sk (kelompok C) sebagai kelompok perlakuan; 1Sm : 2 Ps : 2 Sk (kelompok D) sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan 1Sm : 2 Ps : 2.5 Sk (kelompok E) sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Benda uji masing-masing variasi komposisi berjumlah 20 buah. (Keterangan: Sm = Semen; Ps = Pasir; Sk= serbuk Kapur). Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh kesimpulan: (1) kelompok A rerata kuat tekan 2.97 MPa kelas mutu IV.(2) kelompok B rerata kuat tekan 2.80 MPa kelas mutu IV.(3) kelompok C rerata kuat tekan 2.54 MPa kelas mutu IV.(4) kelompok D rerata kuat tekan 2.28 MPa kelas mutu tidak sesuai SNI.(5) kelompok E rerata kuat tekan 2.14 MPa kelas mutu tidak sesuai SNI.(6) ada perbedaan yang signifikan rerata kuat tekan bata beton ringan normal tanpa bahan tambahan serbuk kapur dengan bata beton ringan yang diberi variasi kadar penambahan serbuk kapur. (7) hasil uji Tukey kelompok A vs kelompok B; kelompok B vs C; kelompok B vs kelompok D dan kelompok B VS kelompok E mengalami perbedaan yang signifikan dengan p-value = 0,000. (8) kelompok B menghasilkan rerata kuat tekan tertinggi untuk tambahan serbuk kapur sebesar 2.80 MPa
Water Flow Simulation of Microhydro Power Plant Screw Turbine with Variation of Discharge Using Solidworks Software
No full text53 HalamanSumber energi yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan listrik masih banyak
menggunakan bahan bakar migas dan batubara, yang diperkirakan akan habis.
Dengan adanya masalah ini, salah satu pembangkit listrik terbarukan yang dapat
dimanfaatkan adalah sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro jenis turbin ulir
(Arcimedes Screw). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mambuat simulasi
aerodinamik kecepatan dan tekanan dinamik aliran air menggunakan software
solidworks, menganalisisis titik kritis turbin akibat adanya tekanan dinamik dan
megevaluasi dampak aliran air. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian
ini yaitu dengan cara pengumpulan data hasil eksperimental kemudian
mengkombinasikan dengan data pendukung software solidworks. Penelitian ini
dilakukan dengan 3 variasi debit yaitu 0.01 m3/s, 0.015 m3/s dan 0.020 m3/s.
Spesifikasi turbin ulir ini yaitu, panjang poros pipa 0.87 m, diameter ulir 0.35 m
tinggi sudu 0.08 m, tebal sudu 0.002 m, diameter poros 0.19 m dengan ketebalan
poros 0.005 mm, 6 buah sudu yang terbagi dalam 2 ulir dan sudut kemiringan poros
35 . Hasil penelitian dari simulasi ini yaitu, titik kritis turbin ulir terjadi disepanjang
sudu screw bagian luar yang berdekatan dengan rumah turbin. Kecepatan aliran dan
tekanan dinamik air terbesar terdapat pada debit 0.020 m3/s dengan kecepatan
maksimum 4.97 m/s dan kecepatan rata-ratanya 3.623 m/s, tekanan dinamik
maksimum 12400.66 Pa dan tekanan dinamik rata-ratanya 9644.96 Pa. The energy sources used to obtain electricity still mostly use oil and gas
and coal fuels, which are expected to run out. Given this problem, one of the
renewable power plants that can be utilized is a screw turbine type micro hydro
power plant (Arcimedes Screw). The purpose of this research is to simulations the
aerodynamic velocity and dynamic pressure of the airflow using solid works
software, analyze the critical points of the tour due to the dynamic pressure and
evaluate the impact of water flow. The research method used in this study is by
collecting experimental data and then combining it with supporting data for
solid works software. This research was conducted with 3 variations of discharge,
namely 0.01 m/s, 0.015 m3/s and 0.020 m/s. The specifications of this screw turbine
are, length of the pipe shaft is 0.87 m, thread diameter is 0.35 m, blade height is
0.08 m, blade thickness is 0.002 m, shaft diameter is 0.19 m with a shaft thickness
of 0.005 mm, 6 blades are divided into 2 threads and 35 shaft tilt angle. The result
of this simulation is that the critical point of the screw turbine occurs along the outer
blade thread which is close to the turbine housing. The largest flow velocity and
dynamic air pressure are at a discharge of 0.020 m3/s with a maximum speed of
4.97 m/s and an average speed of 3.623 m/s, a maximum dynamic pressure of
12400.66 Pa and an average dynamic pressure of 9644.96 Pa
The Accuracy Improvement of Text Mining Classification on Hospital Review through The Alteration in The Preprocessing Stage
No full textSentiment analysis is a part of text mining used to dig up information from a sentence or document. This study focuses on text classification for the purpose of a sentiment analysis on hospital review by customers through criticism and suggestion on Google Maps Review. The data of texts collected still contain a lot of nonstandard words. These nonstandard words cause problem in the preprocessing stage. Thus, the selection and combination of techniques in the preprocessing stage emerge as something crucial for the accuracy improvement in the computation of machine learning. However, not all of the techniques in the preprocessing stage can contribute to improve the accuracy on classification machine. The objective of this study is to improve the accuracy of classification model on hospital review by customers for a sentiment analysis modeling. Through the implementation of the preprocessing technique combination, it can produce a highly accurate classification model. This study experimented with several preprocessing techniques: (1) tokenization, (2) case folding, (3) stop words removal, (4) stemming, and (5) removing punctuation and number. The experiment was done by adding the preprocessing methods: (1) spelling correction and (2) Slang. The result shows that spelling correction and Slang method can assist for improving the accuracy value. Furthermore, the selection of suitable preprocessing technique combination can fasten the training process to produce the more ideal text classification model
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