41 research outputs found
Pengaruh non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) penghambat selektif cyclo-oxygenase-2 dan NSAIDs non-selektif terhadap waktu perdarahan pasca-tindakan bedah minor
No full textIshandono Dachlan, M. Rosadi Seswandhana, Aplin Ismunanto - The influence of non-selective and selective-COX-2 NSAIDs post-minor surgery for the turning of the bleeding time.
Background: NSAIDs remain among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, including for surgical cases. Their action are primarily by inhibiting cyclo-oxigenase (COX), the key enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs). There are two similar but distinct isoforms of the enzyme - COX-1 and COX-2. One of the effects of COX-1 inhibition (nonselective NSAIDs) is decreasing thromboxanes, which is one of the important factors in thrombocytes aggregation and blood clotting. The optimal thrombocyte aggregation is required in many surgical cases, especially in microsurgery.
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the influence of non-selective and selective-COX-2 NSAIDs in the turning of the bleeding time.
Methods: A prospective study of five days using NSAIDs has been done. The subjects were randomly distributed into two groups, non-selective group and selective COX-2 inhibitor group. The bleeding time was measured prior and after five days using of NSAIDs. The result was analyzed with t-test. Results: The mean of the prior bleeding time was 2.85 minutes (non-selective group) and 2.90 minutes (selective-COX-2 Inhibitor group). After five days using of NSAIDs, the bleeding time was increased from 2.85 to 3.15 minutes (non-selective group) and 2.90 to 2.95 minutes (selective COX-2 Inhibitor group). The mean of the bleeding time difference were 0.3 minutes (non-selective group) and 0.05 minutes (selective COX-2 Inhibitor group). T-test analysis showed that bleeding time was increased significantly from 2,85 minutes up to 3.15 minutes (p=0.005) after five days using non-selective NSAIDs, while there was no significant increase of bleeding time, from 2.90 minutes up to 2.95 minutes (p=0.591) after five days using of selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs.
Conclusion: Selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs did not increase the bleeding time, while non-selective NSAIDs increase
d bleeding time after five days usage.
Key word: NSAIDs - selective - COX2 inhibitor - bleeding time - thromboxane
PRE-FEASIBILITY OF MALACCA STRAIT CROSSING
No full textIndonesian trading development rapidly shows an improvement with neighbour countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. Even though the transportation infrastructures arround Malacca Straits are currently just provided by boats. For balancing the develpoment trading reasons, Indonesian Government concerns to facilitate the building of transportation infrastructures or a fix-link infrastructure, a crossing bridge between Sumatera island (Indonesia) and Malaysia. Malacca Strait Bridge (MSB) between Indonesia and Malaysia is a part of Trans Asia road link, has been planned since years ago. To support the current planning, the Research and Development Agency – Ministry of Public Works – Republic of Indonesia (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, Indonesia) needs to make a reviewing on a pre-feasibility study (Pre FS) for MSB. Pre FS activity involved many disciplines of knowledge especially for road/corridor, transportation, bridge, geotechnical, sea shore, environment, and social-economic-culture-policy. Pre-FS results that break event point for Corridor I among Dumai-P.Rupat-P.Medang-Malaysia may be expected between 25 and 30 yeras based on Benefit Cost Ratio methode, using cable stayed and suspension bridges and girders. The longest span for cable stayed and suspension bridges are 2600 m and 1280 m respectively. The selected corridior must be intensively discussed about technology absorbed and safety factor, resources capability for maintenance, integration within toll road network, foundation technology in the sea, and users psychology and comfort. Consession for operator may apply for 30 to 40 years
Clinical characteristics of acute fatty liver of pregnancy in a tertiary Indonesian hospital
Full text linkAcute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare, often autosomal recessive disorder with a major risk for maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. In order to achieve a more favorable outcome, awareness of its clinical signs and symptoms and early recognition are of pivotal importance. Over a 5-year period 18 patients were diagnosed with AFLP (one twin, 19 babies). The most common sign and symptoms were jaundice, hypoglycemia, nausea and vomiting, encephalopathy, and hypertension. Abnormal laboratory test results included: elevated total/ conjugated (direct) bilirubin, AST, ALT, PT, APTT, creatinine, leukocyte count, and hypoalbuminemia. Maternal and fetal mortality rate was high: 66.7% resulted in a maternal death and 57.9% in an intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD). The number of complications was found to correlate with maternal death (p = 0.042). Surviving AFLP patients had ≤ 3 complications, while patients with > 3 complications on presentation had a high risk of maternal death (OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 0.55-45.4). The presence of hypertension significantly increased the risk of maternal death (OR: 24.5; 95% CI: 1.1-542.8; p = 0.01). The risk of IUFD was primarily related to gestational age at delivery and birth weight. The high rate of jaundice as presenting symptom of AFLP suggests that Indonesian primary maternity care providers may often miss its important earlier signs and symptoms, in particular de-novo onset of nausea and vomiting in late pregnancy.Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar, Indah Mayang Sari, Aditiawarman, Erry Gumilar Dachlan and Gustaaf Dekke
PRE-FEASIBILITY OF MALACCA STRAIT CROSSING
Full text linkPerkembangan perdagangan antara masyarakat dunia usaha di pulau Sumatera (Indonesia) dengan Malaysia dan Singapura terus menunjukkan peningkatan. Prasarana transportasi di sekitar selat Malaka saat ini hanya dilayani oleh kapal laut. Untuk mengimbangi perkembangan perdagangan, maka pemerintah Indonesia bermaksud memfasilitasi pembangunan infrastruktur atau suatu ruas jalur penghubung (fix-link), suatu lintasan jembatan antara pula Sumatera dan Malaysia. Jembatan Selat Malaka (JSM) antara Indonesia dan Malaysia merupakan bagian dari ruas jalan Trans Asia yang sudah sejak beberapa waktu yang lalu direncanakan. Untuk mendukung perencanaan tersebut saat ini perlu dilakukan telaahan dalam suatu kajian pre-feasibility. Kegiatan pre-feasibility ini melibatkan beberapa disiplin ilmu khususnya untuk jalan, transportasi, jembatan, geoteknik, pantai, lingkungan dan sosial-budaya-kebijakan. Pra-FS ini menunjukkan modal akan kembali (Break Event Point), yaitu antara 25 dan 30 tahun berdasarkan metoda Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) bila memilih Koridor I dari Dumai-P.Rupat-P.Medang-Malaysia, menggunakan jembatan cable stayed, suspension dan girder. Span terpanjang jembatan cable stayed dan suspension masing-masing adalah 2600 m dan 1280 m. Pemilihan koridor ini harus didiskusikan secara intensif tentang penyerapan teknologi dan faktor keamanan, integrasi jaringan dengan jalan Tol, teknologi fundasi bawah laut, sumber daya manusia dalam pemeliharaan, serta psikologi dan kenyamanan bagi pengguna. Konsesi kepada Operator dapat diberikan dalam waktu 30-40 tahun.
Kata kunci: Studi kelayakan awal, strait crossing (penyeberangan), strait bridge, strait tunnel, jembatan Selat Malaka, BCRIndonesian trading development rapidly shows an improvement with neighbour countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. Even though the transportation infrastructures arround Malacca Straits are currently just provided by boats. For balancing the develpoment trading reasons, Indonesian Government concerns to facilitate the building of transportation infrastructures or a fix-link infrastructure, a crossing bridge between Sumatera island (Indonesia) and Malaysia. Malacca Strait Bridge (MSB) between Indonesia and Malaysia is a part of Trans Asia road link, has been planned since years ago. To support the current planning, the Research and Development Agency – Ministry of Public Works – Republic of Indonesia (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, Indonesia) needs to make a reviewing on a pre-feasibility study (Pre FS) for MSB. Pre FS activity involved many disciplines of knowledge especially for road/corridor, transportation, bridge, geotechnical, sea shore, environment, and social-economic-culture-policy. Pre-FS results that break event point for Corridor I among Dumai-P.Rupat-P.Medang-Malaysia may be expected between 25 and 30 yeras based on Benefit Cost Ratio methode, using cable stayed and suspension bridges and girders. The longest span for cable stayed and suspension bridges are 2600 m and 1280 m respectively. The selected corridior must be intensively discussed about technology absorbed and safety factor, resources capability for maintenance, integration within toll road network, foundation technology in the sea, and users psychology and comfort. Consession for operator may apply for 30 to 40 years.
Keywords: Pre-feasibility study, Strait crossing, Strait bridge, Strait tunnel, Malacca strait bridge, Benefit cost ratio (BCR
KAJIAN LAPANGAN PERKERASAN JALAN BETON PRACETAK DI INDONESIA
No full textDalam rangka meningkatkan pembangunan jalan beton semen dengan metoda pracetak yang lebih efisien dengan mutu yang lebih terjamin, Pusat Litbang Jalan dan Jembatan telah mengkaji perkembangan jalan beton pracetak di beberapa negara, melakukan pemantauan perkerasan jalan beton pracetak di jalur Busway dan ruas jalan Cakung-Cilincing, Jakarta, serta ruas jalan tol Kanci-Pejagan, Cirebon Jawa Barat. Untuk mengetahui kinerjanya dilakukan penilaian kondisi secara visual, pengukuran defleksi vertikal dan ketidakrataan. Hasilnya
menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun pertama, jalan beton pracetak di Cakung-Cilincing kuat menahan beban lalulintas yang padat dan berat, tetapi di beberapa sambungan ditemukan kerusakan dan tepi panel terdapat cacat permukaan yang mengakibatkan defleksi vertikal dan ketidakrataan yang relatip tinggi. Ketidakrataan permukaan jalan di ruas Kanci-Pejagan relatif baik dengan nilai sekitar 2,3 m/km. Pusat Litbang Jalan dan Jembatan telah melakukan penelitian skala kecil di laboratorium menggunakan dua variasi sambungan. Kinerja sambungan diuji terhadap deformasi vertikal dan horizontal dan hasilnya menunjukkan nilai deformasi yang aman. Hasil evaluasi tersebut akan diaplikasikan pada ujigelar beton pracetak oleh Pusat Litbang Jalan dan Jembatan.
Kata kunci : beton pracetak, pratekan, pracetak-pratekan, panel, defleksi verticaTo improve the application of the precast concrete pavement more efficient and ensure well quality, Research and Development Centre For Road and Bridge (RDCRB) has studied the development of precast cement concrete in several agencies of some developed countries, and performs monitoring of precas concrete pavement in Indonesia such asat Busway lane and Cakung-Cilincing road link in Jakarta, and toll road link at Kanci-Pejagan, Cirebon, West Java. To find out the performance, visual surface pavement condition survey, vertical deflection measurement and road roughness survey were carried out. The result shows that in the first year the pavement proved relatively strong to support heavy traffic load, although at some joints
and edges of panels have surface and edge defects that caused significantly high deflection and roughness. Surface roughness arround 2,3 m/Km at Kanci-Pejagan is relatively good. RDCRB have studied small scale in the laboratory using two joints variations. The performance of joints is then examined to vertical and horizontal deformation, and the result shows safe
deformation. The evaluation result will be applied on the field trials of precast concrete by RDCRB.
Keywords: precats concrete, prestress, precast-prestress, panel, vertical deflectio
Penganeka-ragaman produk buah pepaya : Pembuatan tofi pepaya / Siti Sofiah, M. A. Dachlan
No full textPENGARUH BACK EXERCISE PADA NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH (Studi experimen perbandingan dua model latihan punggung bawah di Rumah sakit Dr. Moewardi Surakarta)
Full text linkLeo M. Dahlan. Effect Back Exercise for Low Back Pain (Study experiment
comparation two method exercise for low back pain in Dr. Moewardi
Hospital of Surakarta). Magister Medical Education. UNS 2008
Goal : To now effect William exercise and Mc Kenzie exercise for decrease
pain and increase range of motion back.
Draft: Eksperiment Pre-test – Post-test design
Subject : 40 subject with low back pain who inclution criteria
Place : Dr. Moewardi Hospital of Surakarta
Time : Month of May 2008 until September 2008
Treatment : The research is the quasy experiment with 40 samples which fulfill
the inclution criteria. The samples is devided in two groups that 20 samples in one
group with treatment Back exercise William method and Mc Kenzie method. Data
was analyzed by using a non parametric method Wilcoxon signed rank test is to
test the defference treatment in group. Otherwise the Mann Whiteney test is being
used to test the defference of each period the first group and second group. The
level of significance is p < 0,05.
Result : The statistic data shows the decrease in pain for the first group and the
second group after intervention p = 0,19. this also shows that the both groups
happened a decreased in pain stating non different in statistic. Although if seen
from mean in the first group values 25,65 and the second group values 26,8 have
difference mean 1,15 can be said that the grade of pain in the second group still
higher than the first group. Moreover, the increase range of motion after
intervention found p = 0,03. Although if seen from mean in the first group values
1,945 and the second group values 2,515 have difference mean 0,57can be said
that the increase range of motion the second group better than the first group.
Conclusion: William method good for decrease pain and Mc Kenzie method
good for range of motion
Key word: William, Mc Kenzie, Low Back Pain, VAS, RO
Induction of Plasmodium falciparum strain 2300 dormant forms by artemisinin
Full text linkBackground
The presence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance and decreased efficacy of artemisinin and its derivatives has resulted in the issue of malaria becoming increasingly complex, because there have been no new drugs as artemisinin replacements. The aims of this research were to evaluate in vitro changes in ultrastructural morphology of P. falciparum 2300 strain after exposure to artemisinin.
Methods
The research used an experimental design with post test only control group. Cultures of P. falciparum 2300 strain in one control and one mutant group were treated by exposure to artemisinin at IC50 10-7 M for 48 hours. Ultrastructural phenotypic examination of ring, trophozoite and schizont morphology and developmental stage in the control and mutant group were done at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours by making thin blood smears stained with 20% Giemsa for 20 minutes and examined using a microscope light at 1000x magnification.
Results
Dormant forms occurred after 48 hours of incubation with IC50 10-7 M artemisinin in the control group. In the mutant group, dormant forms, trophozoites with blue cytoplasm and normal schizont developmental stages were seen. Ultrastructural phenotypic morphology at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours showed that in the control group dormant formation already occurred with exposure to IC50 10-7 M, while in the mutant group dormant formation occurred only with exposure to IC50 2.5x10-5 M.
Conclusion
Exposure to artemisinin antimalarials in vitro can cause phenotypic morphological changes of dormancy in P. falciparum Papua 2300 strain
