16,951 research outputs found
The politics and economics of regulatory impact assessment
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the link in this record
Effects of TRU distributions of electron accelerator-driven subcritical core systems on transmutation
No full textAs part of the effort to investigate the use of an electron accelerator driven system for TRU transmutation, the effects of TRU distributions in the core on transmuter system performance was examined in this paper. The system performance examined includes the transmutation and system power efficiency and changes in power peaking. The transmutation benefits of the system were determined with the introduction of a new parameter, the Transmutation System Effectiveness Parameter (TSEP). TSEP combines the decay heat and radioactivity results into one single parameter that compares the ability of the system to reduce the radioactivity and decay heat of the loaded TRUs. The electron ADS was modeled by using MCNPX and MONTEBURNS as a fast spectrum, Na cooled reactor loosely based on the advanced liquid metal reactor (ALMR) design. NJOY was used to process the cross sections at the desired temperatures. The fuel was a TRU-Zr alloy contained within an HT-9 SS cladding. The subcritical reactor contained four different fuel zones with an equal number of fuel assemblies in each region, each containing one of the four TRU elements: Np, Pu, Cm, Am. Tungsten was used for the target system. The electron ADS was assumed to operate at 500MWth over a 24 month cycle. Results showed that different distribution patterns had a very insignificant effect on the total radioactivity reduction, the total decay heat reduction, and the TRU radiotoxicity reduction. With respect to the TSEP parameter, the calculation results revealed a much stronger dependence on TRU distributions. It seemed that TSEP accurately reflected and penalized the effectiveness of the system for the fission product production. With respect to examining the keff over the cycle, a drastic difference was observed between the cases when Pu is located in the inner most region and the rest of the patterns. The keff for the Pu in the inner most region cases decreased at a much faster rate than did the rest therefore requiring a dramatic increase in beam current over the cycle. The power peaking behavior of the system was found to be dictated by the placement of the Pu material region. The lowest total power peaking as well as the lowest relative assembly power peaking was experienced when the inner most region was filled with Np, followed by Pu, and then by Am and Cm
Genetic susceptibility in tuberculosis
No full textThe importance of host genetic factors in determining susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) has been studied extensively using various methods, such as case-control, candidate gene and genome-wide linkage studies. Several important candidate genes like human leucocyte antigen/alleles and non-human leucocyte antigen genes, such as cytokines and their receptors, chemokines and their receptors, pattern recognition receptors (including toll-like receptors, mannose binding lectin and the dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin), solute carrier family 11A member 1 (formerly known as natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1) and purinergic P2X7 receptor gene polymorphisms, have been associated with differential susceptibility to TB in various ethnic populations. This heterogeneity has been explained by host-pathogen and gene-environment interactions and evolutionary selection pressures. Although the achievements of genetics studies might not yet have advanced the prevention and treatment of TB, researchers have begun to widen their scope of investigation to encompass these practical considerations.Tang NLS, 2009, CLIN CHIM ACTA, V406, P98, DOI 10.1016/j.cca.2009.06.006Shibasaki M, 2009, J INFECTION, V58, P467, DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.04.002Sanchez-Castanon M, 2009, INT J TUBERC LUNG D, V13, P480Ansari A, 2009, PLOS ONE, V4, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0004778Selvaraj P, 2009, INFECT GENET EVOL, V9, P256, DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.12.003Thye T, 2009, HUM MOL GENET, V18, P381, DOI 10.1093/hmg/ddn352INTEMANN CD, 2009, PLOS PATHOG, V9Wu F, 2008, J OCCUP HEALTH, V50, P445Larcombe LA, 2008, J INFECT DIS, V198, P1175, DOI 10.1086/592049Davila S, 2008, PLOS GENET, V4, DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000218Sun F, 2008, INT J TUBERC LUNG D, V12, P994Ding S, 2008, SCAND J IMMUNOL, V68, P140, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02125.xSelvaraj P, 2008, CYTOKINE, V43, P26, DOI 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Phase Distribution Efficiency of cm-Scale Ultrasonically Powered Receivers
No full textIn the domain of ultrasonically powered biomedical implants, there is an increasing interest in cm-scale ultrasonic receivers (RX). However, when a single-element transducer is used as the RX transducer, an uneven phase distribution across the RX area can significantly reduce the harvestable power. In this paper, we investigate the impact of lateral and angular misalignment on the acoustic field phase distribution across the RX surface. We show that, for a single-element RX transducer, lateral misalignment has minimal effect on the harvestable power, whereas even small angular misalignments can cause a considerable reduction, especially for larger RX sizes. We present a potential solution that consists of subdividing a large RX transducer (e.g. 20 × 20mm2) into smaller elements, which significantly improves power transfer efficiency by taking advantage of the smaller phase variation across the surface of each element. The trade-offs between achieving a minimum acceptable power transfer efficiency and managing the increased complexity in packaging and matching circuitry are also discussed.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic Components, Technology and MaterialsBio-Electronic
Highly efficient laser-driven Compton gamma-ray source
No full textThe recent advancement of high-intensity lasers has made all-optical Compton scattering become a promising way to produce ultrashort brilliant gamma-rays in an ultra-compact system. However, so far achieved Compton gamma-ray sources are limited by low conversion efficiency and spectral intensity. Here we present a highly efficient gamma photon emitter obtained by irradiating a high-intensity laser pulse on a miniature plasma device consisting of a plasma lens and a plasma mirror. This concept exploits strong spatiotemporal laser-shaping process and high-charge electron acceleration process in the plasma lens, as well as an efficient nonlinear Compton scattering process enabled by the plasma mirror. Our full three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that in this novel scheme, brilliant gamma-rays with very high conversion efficiency (higher than 10(-2)) and spectral intensity (similar to 10(9) photons/0.1%BW) can be achieved by employing currently available petawatt-class lasers with intensity of 10(21) W cm(-2). Such efficient and intense gamma-ray sources would find applications in wide-ranging areas. ©2019 The Author(s)
Teratoma de mediastino posterior na criança: relato de caso.
No full textTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Pediatria, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 200
CM Periods, CM Regulators, and Hypergeometric Functions, I
No full textWe prove the Gross-Deligne conjecture on CM periods for motives associated with H-2 of certain surfaces fibered over the projective line. Then we prove for the same motives a formula which expresses the K-1-regulators in terms of hypergeometric functions F-3(2), and obtain a new example of non-trivial regulators
Oral insertion of a flexible bronchoscope is associated with less discomfort than nasal insertion for Korean patients
No full textOBJECTIVE: The route of bronchoscope insertion varies between centres, without a firm rationale based on well-designed studies. We therefore compared nasal and oral insertion of a flexible bronchoscope and evaluated efficacy and patient satisfaction. DESIGN: Prospective randomised study of patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy from May to September 2003 and who were randomly assigned to nasal and oral insertion approaches. RESULTS: Clinical characteristics, factors related to the procedure and patient satisfaction were analysed. In total, 307 patients were randomly assigned to the nasal (n = 158) or oral insertion groups (n = 149). No difference in baseline characteristics was identified between the groups. Insertion by the oral route was associated with a smaller amount of lidocaine use during the procedure (P = 0.04) and less frequent insertion site bleeding (P = 0.005). Patients assigned to oral insertion reported less discomfort during anaesthesia (P = 0.01) and scope insertion (P < 0.001), as well as less dyspnoea (P = 0.04) and coughing (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Oral insertion of a flexible bronchoscope was associated with less discomfort for patients than nasal insertion, although the route of insertion had no significant effect on outcome.N
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