46,403 research outputs found
On applying the set covering model to reseeding
No full textThe Functional BIST approach is a rather new BIST technique based on exploiting embedded system functionality to generate deterministic test patterns during BIST. The approach takes advantages of two well-known testing techniques, the arithmetic BIST approach and the reseeding method. The main contribution of the present paper consists in formulating the problem of an optimal reseeding computation as an instance of the set covering problem. The proposed approach guarantees high flexibility, is applicable to different functional modules, and, in general, provides a more efficient test set encoding then previous techniques. In addition, the approach shorts the computation time and allows to better exploiting the tradeoff between area overhead and global test length as well as to deal with larger circuits
Long Island History Journal
No full textTABLE OF CONTENTS -
EDITORIAL COMMENT - 1 /
FEATURE ARTICLES:
A History of Wine Grapes on Long Island
by Louisa Hargrave - 3 /
The Pigskin Book: Records of Native American Whalemen, 1696-1721
by John A. Strong - 17 /
Scale Model of Liberty: The Thirteen Years of Modern Times (1851-1864)
by Roger Wunderlich - 29 /
Shepard A. Mount, A Long Island Artist
by Deborah J. Johnson - 47 /
Scenes of the Familiar, Emblems of the Eternal: Cultural Contexts of Shepard Alonzo Mount
by Lloyd Becker - 58 /
Back to Nature: The Tile Club in the Country
by Connie Koppelman - 75 /
Picture Windows: The Changing Role of Women in the Suburbs, 1945-2000
by Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen - 89 /
Public Spaces, Private Places: Images of Brooklyn
by Bernice Braid - 109 /
A Plan for All Seasons: The Design of Brooklyn's Prospect Park
by Donald E. Simon - 121 /
REVIEWS OF BOOKS:
Barbara M. Kelly, ed. Long Island: the Suburban Experience.
Barbara M. Kelly, ed. Suburbia Re-examined
by Eric E. Lampard - 136 /
Henry M. Christman, ed. Walt Whitman's New York, From Manhattan to Montauk
by Wilbur R. Miller - 137 /
T. H. Breen. Imagining the Past: East Hampton Histories
by Richard Welch - 139 /
Constance J. Terry, ed. In the Wake of Whales: The Whaling Journals of Captain Edwin Peter Brown 1841-1847
by Ina Katz - 142 /
Ron Ziel. The Long Island Rail Road in Early Photographs
by Vincent F. Seyfried - 143 /
William E. Golder. Long Island’s First Inhabitants: Paleo-Archaic-Transitional Woodland: A 9,000-Year History of the Indian Occupation of Long Island
by Peter Dunham - 144 /
Alison Hain. A School in Time and Place. VHS
by Geoffrey L. Rossano - 146 /
EXHIBIT:
“The Blessed Isle: Hal B. Fullerton and His Image of Long Island”
by Thomas D. Beal - 148 /
BOOK NOTES - 149SUNY Digital Repository (DSpace): Stony Brook University - Campus Newspapers and JournalsArchived web conten
A 2 h periodic variation in the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1
No full textSpectroscopy of the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1 using the Gran Telescopio Canarias have revealed a ?2 h periodic variability that is present in the three strongest emission lines. We tentatively interpret this variability as due to orbital motion, making it the first indication of the orbital period of Ser X-1. Together with the fact that the emission lines are remarkably narrow, but still resolved, we show that a main-sequence K dwarf together with a canonical 1.4 M? neutron star gives a good description of the system. In this scenario, the most likely place for the emission lines to arise is the accretion disc, instead of a localized region in the binary (such as the irradiated surface or the stream-impact point), and their narrowness is due instead to the low inclination (?10°) of Ser X-1
Long Island History Journal
No full textTABLE OF CONTENTS -
EDITORIAL COMMENT /
FEATURE ARTICLES:
The Spanish American War and Montauk Point: Introduction to Charles Johnson Post’s Memoir of Camp Wikoff
by Richard P. Harmond - 139 /
Montauk: A Chronicle of ‘98
by Charles Johnson Post - 143 /
Suffolk County’s Commemoration of the Spanish American War
by Judith A. Gordon - 159 /
State of the Island: Councilmanic or At-Large Districts for Long Island Towns?
by Edith L. Gordon - 163 /
Lion Gardiner, Long Island’s Founding Father
by Roger Wunderlich - 172 /
The Many Lives of Sayville’s Lewis Noe
by Hank Shaw - 186 /
“Barren and Waste Land”: Long Islanders and the Pine Barrens
by Marsha L. Hamilton - 207 /
SECONDARY SCHOOL ESSAY CONTEST WINNERS:
How Separation of Church and State Affects Children on Long Island
by Kimberly Horoski - 222 /
Blocker v. Manhasset Board of Education (1964): Long Island’s First Challenge to Public School Segregation
by Kimberly Mockler - 227 /
BOOK REVIEW ESSAY - 236:
Lynda R. Day. Making a Way to Freedom: A History of African Americans on Long Island.
Grania Bolton Marcus. A Forgotten People: Discovering the Black Experience in Suffolk County.
Natalie A. Naylor, ed. Exploring African American History on Long Island and Beyond by Floris Barnett Cash /
REVIEWS - 244:
Robert Sisler and Patricia Sisler. Those Half-Thousand Great Ships Built in Port Jefferson.
by Richard Welch /
Ebenezer Miller. Diary of Ebenezer Miller of Miller Place, Long Island, New York, 1762-1768, transcription and footnotes by Margaret Davis Gass and Willis H. White
by Edward Smith /
Harry W. Havemeyer. Along the Great South Bay
by Hank Shaw /
Bevery Tyler. Discover Setauket, Brookhaven’s Original
by Gloria Sesso /
Horace Hallock, The Orphan Path: Journals of Horace Hallock 1819-1834. Compiled by Elizabeth M. Smith Doering.
by Judith Hallock /
Thinking and Writing: A Guide for College Students
by Christopher GennariSUNY Digital Repository (DSpace): Stony Brook University - Campus Newspapers and JournalsArchived web conten
Efficient Simulation of Structural Faults for the Reliability Evaluation at System-Level
No full textIn recent technology nodes, reliability is considered a part of the standard design ¿ow at all levels of embedded system design. While techniques that use only low-level models at gate- and register transfer-level offer high accuracy, they are too inefficient to consider the overall application of the embedded system. Multi-level models with high abstraction are essential to efficiently evaluate the impact of physical defects on the system. This paper provides a methodology that leverages state-of-the-art techniques for efficient fault simulation of structural faults together with transaction-level modeling. This way it is possible to accurately evaluate the impact of the faults on the entire hardware/software system. A case study of a system consisting of hardware and software for image compression and data encryption is presented and the method is compared to a standard gate/RT mixed-level approac
Rearrangement of alkylchlorocarbenes: 1,2-H shift in free carbene, carbene-olefin complex, and excited states of carbene precursors
No full textPhotolysis of alkylchlorodiazirines (1) in the presence of olefins gives a cyclopropane (3) by addition of the generated carbene to the olefin and a vinyl chloride derivative (2) resulting from a 1,2-H shift rearrangement. This rearrangement may occur either in the carbene or in some excited state, precursor of the carbene (RIES mechanism), or in a ''carbene + olefin complex'' on the way to the formation of 3 (COC mechanism). Results obtained by time-resolved photoacoustic calorimetry as well as by thermolysis and photolysis of ClCH2C(N-2)Cl and CH3(CH2)(2)C(N-2)Cl in the presence of tetramethylethylene clearly indicate that both the RIES and COC mechanisms play a role but with efficiencies which greatly depend on the nature of the diazirine. Reexamination of the results previously obtained with benzylchlorodiazirines indicates that, for this class of diazirines, the RIES mechanism is temperature dependent and has a very low efficiency at room temperature and below, whereas the nonlinearity of the plots [3]/[2] vs [olefin] is mainly due to the COC mechanism.PT: J; CR: BIGOT B, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P8575 CHANG KT, 1979, J AM CHEM SOC, V101, P5082 FREY HM, 1966, ADV PHOTOCHEM, V4, P225 GANZER GA, 1986, J AM CHEM SOC, V108, P1517 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 HEIHOFF K, 1987, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V22, P1422 HOUK KN, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P4291 HOUK KN, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P4293 JACKSON JE, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1 KANABUSKAMINSKA JM, 1987, J AM CHEM SOC, V109, P5267 LAVILLA JA, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6877 LAVILLA JA, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P712 LAVILLA JA, 1990, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V31, P5109 LIU MTH, 1987, J ORG CHEM, V52, P4223 LIU MTH, 1989, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P12 LIU MTH, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P3915 MODARELLI DA, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P8985 MODARELLI DA, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P7034 MOSS RA, 1993, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1597 MOSS RA, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1 MULDER P, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P4090 MULLERREMMERS PL, 1985, J AM CHEM SOC, V107, P7275 NI T, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P457 NICKON A, 1993, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V26, P84 RUDZKI JE, 1985, J AM CHEM SOC, V107, P7849 SKELL PS, 1969, J AM CHEM SOC, V91, P7131 TOMIOKA H, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P454 TURRO NJ, 1982, J AM CHEM SOC, V104, P1754 WARNER PM, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P4211 WESTRICK JA, 1987, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V26, P8313 WHITE WR, 1992, J ORG CHEM, V57, P2841 WIERLACHER S, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P8943 YAMAMOTO N, 1994, J AM CHEM SOC, V116, P2064; NR: 33; TC: 30; J9: J AMER CHEM SOC; PG: 9; GA: UG695Source type: Electronic(1
Catalytic P-H activation by Ti and Zr catalysts
No full textCatalytic dehydrocoupling of phosphines was investigated using the anionic zirconocene trihydride salts [Cp*Zr-2(mu-H)(3)Li](3) (1a) or [Cp*Zr-2(mu-H)(3)K(thf)(4)] (1b), and the metallocycles [CpTi(NPtBu3)(CH2)(4)] (6) and [Cp*M(NPtBu3)(CH2)(4)] (M = Ti 20, Zr 21) as catalyst precursors. Dehydrocoupling of primary phosphines RPH2 (R = Ph, C6H2Me3, Cy, C10H7) gave both dehydrocoupled dimers RP(H)P(H)R or cyclic oligophosphines (RP)(n) (n = 4, 5) while reaction of tBu(3)C(6)H(2)PH(2) gave the phosphaindoline tBu(2)(Me2CCH2)C6H2PH (9). Stoichiometric reactions of these catalyst precursors with primary phosphines afforded [Cp*Zr-2((PR)(2))H][K(thf)(4)] (R = Ph 2, Cy 3, C6H2Me3 4), [Cp*Zr-2((PPh)(3))H] [K(thf)(4)] (5), [CpTi(NPtBu3)(PPh)(3)] (7) and [CpTi(NPtBu3)(mu-PHPh)](2) (8), while reaction of 6 with (C(6)H(2)tBu3)PH2 in the presence of PMe3 afforded [CpTi(NPtBu3)(PMe3)(p(C(6)H(2)tBu(3))] (10). The secondary phosphines Ph2PH and (PhHPCH2)(2)CH2 also undergo dehydrocoupling affording (Ph2P)(2) and (PhPCH2)(2)CH2. The bisphosphines (CH2PH2)(2) and C6H4(PH2)(2) are dehydrocoupled to give (PCH2CH2PH)(2) (12) and (C6H4P(PH))(2) (13) while prolonged reaction of 13 gave (C6H4P2)(8) (14). The analogous bisphosphine Me2C6H4(PH)(2) (17) was prepared and dehydrocoupling catalysis afforded (Me2C6H2P(PH))(2) (18) and subsequently [(Me2C6H2P2)(2)(mu-Me2C6H2P2)](2) (19). Stoichiometric reactions with these bisphosphines gave [Cp*Zr-2(H)(PH)(2)C6H4] [Li(thf)(4)] (22), [Cp*Ti(NPtBu3)(PH)(2)C6H4](2) (23) and [Cp*Ti(NPtBu3)(PH)(2)C6H4] (24). Mechanistic implications are discussed.PT: J; CR: ALBRAND JP, 1976, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P876 ANSELME JP, 1969, TETRAHEDRON, V25, P855 BASULI F, 2003, J AM CHEM SOC, V125, P10170 BAUDLER M, 1976, Z NATURFORSCH B, V31, P558 BAUDLER M, 1978, CHEM BER, V111, P1210 BAUDLER M, 1978, CHEM BER, V111, P1217 BAUDLER M, 1983, CHEM BER, V116, P2711 BAUDLER M, 1984, Z NATURFORSCH B, V39, P438 BAZAN GC, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P6899 BOHM VPW, 2001, ANGEW CHEM, V113, P4832 CHAUVIN Y, 1971, MAKROMOL CHEM, V141, P161 COREY JY, 2004, ADV ORGANOMET CHEM, V51, P1 COURET C, 1986, ORGANOMETALLICS, V5, P113 COWLEY AH, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P2125 COWLEY AH, 1990, INORG SYNTH, V27, P235 CROMER DT, 1974, INT TABLES CRYSTALLO, V4, P71 ETKIN N, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P11420 ETKIN N, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P2954 ETKIN N, 1997, ORGANOMETALLICS, V16, P3504 FEHLNER TP, 1992, INORGANOMETALLLICS FERMIN MC, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P12645 FERMIN MC, 1995, ORGANOMETALLICS, V14, P4247 FU GC, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P9856 GAUVIN F, 1998, ADV ORGANOMET CHEM, V42, P363 GRAHAM TW, 2004, ORGANOMETALLICS, V23, P3309 GRUBBS RH, 1972, J AM CHEM SOC, V94, P2538 GRUBBS RH, 2003, HDB METATHESIS HEY E, 1988, CHEM BER, V121, P561 HEY E, 1989, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V378, P375 HO JW, 1991, ORGANOMETALLICS, V10, P3001 HO JW, 1994, INORG CHEM, V33, P865 HOFFMAN PR, 1975, INORG CHEM, V14, P1997 HOSKIN AJ, 2001, ANGEW CHEM, V113, P1917 HOU ZM, 1993, ORGANOMETALLICS, V12, P3158 INAGAKI Y, 1980, B CHEM SOC JPN, V53, P205 ISSLEIB K, 1972, ANGEW CHEM, V84, P582 ISSLEIB K, 1987, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V330, P17 JACOBSEN EN, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P1968 KATSUKI T, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P5974 KAUFFMANN T, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P1963 KAUFFMANN T, 1985, CHEM BER, V118, P1022 KITAMURA M, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P629 KNOWLES WS, 1983, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V16, P106 KOEPF H, 1981, CHEM BER, V114, P2731 KOHLER EP, 1935, J AM CHEM SOC, V57, P367 KYBA EP, 1983, ORGANOMETALLICS, V2, P1877 MILLER AR, 1976, J AM CHEM SOC, V98, P1860 MILLER SJ, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P9606 MIYASHITA A, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P7932 MURDZEK JS, 1987, ORGANOMETALLICS, V6, P1373 NGUYEN ST, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P3974 NGUYEN ST, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P9858 NOVAK BM, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P960 OHKUMA T, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P2675 OHTA T, 1988, INORG CHEM, V27, P566 OSHIKAWA T, 1985, CHEM IND-LONDON, P126 ROCKLAGE SM, 1981, J AM CHEM SOC, V103, P1440 SCHOLL M, 1999, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V40, P2247 SCHROCK RR, 1974, J AM CHEM SOC, V96, P6796 SCHROCK RR, 1980, J MOL CATAL, V8, P73 SCHROCK RR, 1988, J MOL CATAL, V46, P243 SCHROCK RR, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P3875 SCHWAB P, 1995, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V34, P2039 SCHWAB P, 1995, ANGEW CHEM, V107, P2179 SCHWAB P, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P100 SENDERIKHIN AI, 1988, ZH OBSHCH KHIM+, V58, P1662 SENDERIKHIN AI, 1989, ZH OBSHCH KHIM+, V59, P2141 SEYFERTH D, 1969, J ORG CHEM, V34, P1483 SHELDRICK GM, 2000, SHELXTL SHU RH, 1998, J AM CHEM SOC, V120, P12988 SMIT CN, 1983, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V24, P2031 SOUFFLET JP, 1973, CR ACAD SCI C CHIM, V276, P169 STEPHAN DW, 2000, ANGEW CHEM, V112, P322 STEPHAN DW, 2005, ORGANOMETALLICS, V24, P2548 STRADIOTTO M, 2001, HELV CHIM ACTA, V84, P2958 TILLEY TD, 1990, COMMENTS INORG CHEM, V10, P37 TILLEY TD, 1993, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V26, P22 TVERDOMED SN, 2003, RUSS J GEN CHEM+, V73, P319 VANDENWINKEL Y, 1991, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V405, P183 WATERMAN R, 2006, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V45, P2926 WATERMAN R, 2006, ANGEW CHEM, V118, P2992 WEAST RC, 1974, HDB CHEM PHYS, P2436 WOOD CD, 1979, J AM CHEM SOC, V101, P3210 WU Z, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P5503 XIN SX, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P5307; NR: 85; TC: 0; J9: CHEM-EUR J; PG: 12; GA: 113PJSource type: Electronic(1
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Benzylchlorocarbene: origins of Arrhenius curvature in the kinetics of the 1,2-H shift rearrangement
No full textBenzylchlorocarbene (1, BCC) was generated photochemically from benzylchlorodiazirine (2) in isooctane, methylcyclohexane (MCH), and tetrachloroethane (TCE) at temperatures from similar to 30 to -75 degrees C. At -70 degrees C in isooctane, the identified products included Z/E-beta-chlorostyrenes 4 (46.6%), alpha-chlorostyrene 5 (2.4%), 1,1-dichloro-2-phenylethane 6 (1.9%), a BCC-isooctane insertion product 8 (5.5%), carbene dimers 9 (3.8%), and azine 3 (30%). The significant incursion of intermolecular products 3, 8, and 9 implies that laser flash photolytic (LFP) kinetic data for the decay of BCC obtained at low temperature is biased and should not be employed in Arrhenius analyses. Accordingly, previously obtained curved Arrhenius correlations for BCC do not necessarily implicate quantum mechanical tunneling (QMT) in the 1,2-H shift rearrangement of BCC to 4. Similarly in MCH, where BCC affords a solvent insertion product in similar to 44-53% yield, the curved Arrhenius correlation (Figure 1) cannot be readily interpreted. In polar solvents such as TCE, clean H-shift reactions of BCC are obtained even at -71 degrees C; an Arrhenius correlation of LFP kinetic data is linear from 3 to -71 degrees C (Figure 2), affording E-a = 3.2 kcal mol(-1) and log A = 10.0 s(-1). Therefore, QMT does not appear to play a major role in the 1,2-H shift rearrangement of BCC at ambient or near ambient temperature in solution.PT: J; CR: BONNEAU R, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P3829 DEAN JA, 1992, LANGES HDB CHEM DIX EJ, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P10424 DOX AW, 1941, ORG SYNTH, V1, P5 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 ISAACS NS, 1995, PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHE, P304 JACKSON JE, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P5595 KAZANIS S, 1991, J PHYS CHEM-US, V95, P4430 KEATING AE, 1997, COMMUNICATION 0804 LAVILLA JA, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6877 LAVILLA JA, 1990, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V31, P5109 LIU MTH, 1984, TETRAHEDRON, V40, P887 LIU MTH, 1985, CHEM COMMUN, P982 LIU MTH, 1985, J ORG CHEM, V50, P3218 LIU MTH, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P3915 LIU MTH, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P3604 LIU MTH, 1992, J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A, V63, P115 LIU MTH, 1994, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V27, P287 LIU MTH, 1994, J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A, V84, P133 MODARELLI DA, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P7034 MODARELLI DA, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P470 MOSS RA, 1987, J AM CHEM SOC, V109, P4341 MOSS RA, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P1638 MOSS RA, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1, P59 MOSS RA, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P12588 MOSS RA, 1997, CHEM COMMUN 0321, P617 MOSS RA, 1997, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V38, P7049 STORER JW, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P10426 SUGIYAMA MH, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P966 TOMIOKA H, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P454 WHITE WR, 1992, J ORG CHEM, V57, P2841 WIERLACHER S, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P8943 YEN VQ, 1962, ANN CHIM, V7, P785; NR: 33; TC: 8; J9: J ORG CHEM; PG: 7; GA: ZM109Source type: Electronic(1
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