428 research outputs found
Fritz Schumacher & Heinrich Tessenow: Architecture, an Art or a Craft?
No full textThis booklet contains the inaugural lectures of Fritz Schumacher and Heinrich Tessenow given on the occasion of their appointment respectively as professors at the Technical University in Dresden and The Art Academy in Dresden.The lectures provide novel insights into their understanding of architecture and into their proposals for reform of architectural education. they are proceeded by an introductory essay of the guest editor architectural historian Hartmut Frank.History, Form & Aesthetic
Sociedades modernas, sociedades de obsolescência: a sociologia temporal de Hartmut Rosa / Modern societies, obsolescence societies: Hartmut Rosa's temporal sociology
No full textResenha de: ROSA, Hartmut. Aceleração: a transformação das estruturas temporais na modernidade. São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2019. Centrado na revisitação da modernidade a partir de uma perspectiva temporal, Hartmut Rosa sustenta o conceito de aceleração social como aspecto fundante do projeto moderno. Explorando diferentes variáveis causais para o conceito da aceleração social, a resenha examina as transformações das instituições morais, valorativas e políticas ocorridas ao longo do desenvolvimento histórico da modernidade como episódios induzidos pela obsolescência. Sendo esta um produto de campos de ação crescentemente cambiantes e acelerados, o autor mobiliza esse conceito para fundamentar inédita proposta de diferenciação entre a modernidade e a modernidade tardia como momentos históricos calcados em diferentes níveis de compressão espaço-temporal, estabilidade institucional e temporalização de projetos individuais e coletivos de futuro.***AbstractCentered on revisiting modernity from a temporal perspective, Hartmut Rosa supports the concept of social acceleration as a fundamental aspect of the modern project. Exploring different causal variables for the concept of social acceleration, the review examines the transformations of moral, valuative and political institutions that occurred during the historical development of modernity as episodes induced by obsolescence. As this is a product of increasingly changing and accelerated fields of action, the author mobilizes this concept to substantiate an unprecedented proposal for differentiation between modernity and late modernity as historical moments based on different levels of space-time compression, institutional stability and temporalization of individual and collective future projects
Philosophie in literarischen und ästhetischen Gestalten
No full textDie in diesem Band vorgestellte Reise durch die facettenreiche 'Landschaft' der Geisteswissenschaften 'vergegenwärtigt' ganz verschiedene ästhetische und literarische Gestaltungen und Gratwanderungen quer zu den Einzeldiszplinen von Wilhelm Büttemeyer, Sabine Doering, Rainer Grübel, Rüdiger Hillgärtner, Franz Januschek, Hanna Kiper, Rudolf zur Lippe, Stefan Müller-Doohm, Frank D. Wagner und Hartmut Wiesner
Surveying silk fibre degradation by crystallinity determination: a study on the Tang-Dynasty silk treasure from Famen Temple, China
No full textWhen Chinese archaeologists opened an unknown vault under the collapsed pagoda of Famen Temple near Xian (Shaanxi Province, NW China) in 1987, they found a vast amount of valuable silk textiles. The degraded textiles were part of a treasure comprising hundreds of artifacts deposited by Tang dynasty (ad 618–907) emperors as a gift to the temple. Run as a bilateral German-Chinese project, the Roemisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz established a textile conservation laboratory in Shaanxi´s provincial capital Xian in 2001, joining numerous other laboratories that have existed there since the early 1990s.This preliminary study represents part of an ongoing investigation programme that accompanies the conservation work. The Tang dynasty silk is generally in a very poor state of preservation as a result of its long burial period. Large sections have only survived as an amorphous brown mass of fibre debris. Some parts are better preserved, however, offering the unique opportunity to study the whole range of degradation stages on ancient silks.This preliminary scientific investigation focuses on the determination of the silk fibres’ crystallinity and its relation to the ageing process. As we know from modern material, silk is mainly crystalline, albeit in a somewhat amorphous state. The methods of investigation used were X-ray diffraction (XRD) using synchrotron radiation, which is a new way to determine crystallinity of ancient silk fibres; and polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the determination of crystallite orientation. Both methods were specifically devised to gain information on small single fibres
Modernidade dessincronizada: aceleração social, destemporalização e alienação: uma entrevista com Hartmut Rosa
No full textThe scope of this interview is to present the social experiences and the analytical categories which comprise Hartmut Rosa’s theory of social acceleration. At the outset, the questions lead the author to recall the reasons that lead to his interest in the problem of time in the present modernity, as well as the intellectual path that guided him to such an interest. The consequences of what Rosa diagnoses as a society of de-synchronized and de-temporalized acceleration are exposed and subsequently a new interpretation of the concept of alienation is proposed. Through his claim of being a successor to the school of critical social theory, Rosa also indicates the rough outlines of his critical model’s normative referential, examining the temporal maxims that make up the modern ideal of a good life.A presente entrevista traz como seu escopo uma apresentação da experiência social e das principais categorias analíticas que compõem a teoria da aceleração social de Hartmut Rosa. De início, as questões conduzem o autor a uma recapitulação dos motivos que o levaram a desenvolver seu interesse pelo problema do tempo na modernidade hodierna, bem como da trajetória intelectual que o guiou a tal interesse. São expostas as consequências daquilo que Rosa diagnostica como uma sociedade de aceleração dessincronizada e destemporalizada, e, com elas, uma nova interpretação do fenômeno da alienação. Reivindicando-se como um herdeiro da teoria crítica da sociedade, Rosa também indica os traços gerais do referencial normativo de seu modelo crítico, examinando as máximas temporais que perfazem o ideal moderno de boa vida
Wie man den Lernschwierigkeiten im Physikunterricht wirksam begegnen kann. Ergebnisse aus 50 Jahren fachdidaktischer Forschung
No full textDas Lernen von Physik bereitet erhebliche Schwierigkeiten. Darauf wurde bereits vor mehr als 100 Jahren in der fachdidaktischen Literatur hingewiesen. Bis etwa 1950 sah man in der intuitiven und aus der Lehrerfahrung begründeten Entwicklung von Sachstrukturen und Experimenten die er-folgversprechende Lösung. Mit der „kognitiven Wende“ vor etwa 50 Jahren erfolgte ein grundle-gender Wechsel hin zu einer informationsverarbeitenden Auffassung: die Lernschwierigkeiten wurden nun vor allem auf die vorunterrichtlichen Wissens- und Denkstrukturen der Schülerinnen und Schüler und die darauf basierende Informationsverarbeitung zurückgeführt. Die Untersuchung der Schülervorstellungen und Lernschwierigkeiten und die darauf fußende parallel erfolgende Ausarbeitung und Evaluation von Unterrichtskonzepten wurde ein zentrales Forschungsfeld der Physikdidaktik. Diese Forschungen und Entwicklungen haben inzwischen zu einer Reihe von erfolgreichen Unterrichtskonzepten geführt. Theoretisch fundiert wird diese Forschungsrichtung durch eine moderat-konstruktivistische Sicht auf das Lehren und Lernen und die Entwicklung verschiedener Theorien des Conceptual Change
Physics instruction - based on students\u27 conceptions and learning difficulties
No full textDie Vorstellungen, die Schülerinnen und Schüler in den Unterricht hineinbringen, haben sich in zahllosen Untersuchungen als wichtiger Faktor für das Lernen herausgestellt. Diese Vorstellungen bestimmen, wie das vom Lehrer oder Lehrbuch Dargebotene verstanden wird. Nicht selten sind sie die Ursache wichtiger Lernschwierigkeiten. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Forschungsprogramm vorgestellt, das von Untersuchungen zu Vorstellungen und Lernschwierigkeiten in einem wichtigen Gebiet der Physik, der Optik, bis zur Entwicklung und Evaluation von neuen Unterrichtsansätzen reicht. Es zeigt sich, dass unser neuer Optikunterricht, der sich an den vorunterrichtlichen Vorstellungen der Schüler orientiert, herkömmlichem Unterricht signifikant überlegen ist. (DIPF/Orig.)In numerous studies, students\u27 preinstructional conceptions have proven a keyfactor in learning. These conceptions determine students\u27 understanding of what the teacher or the textbook presents. Very often they are the cause of serious learning difficulties. In the following article, a research program is outlined that includes research on students\u27 preinstructional conceptions in a major domain of elementary physics instruction, namely optics, and the development and evaluation of a new teaching unit. It turns out that our new teaching approach, that is deliberately based on students\u27 conceptions, is significantly superior to the traditional teaching of optics. (DIPF/Orig.
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