1,720,985 research outputs found
Molecular Docking Studies of Chemical Constituents of Tinospora cordifolia on Glycogen Phosphorylase
No full textAbstractTinospora cordifolia extract decreased the activity of glycogen phosphorylase in the liver and widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This in silico study aimed to screen the active compound(s) of T. cordifolia which play a role in its hypoglycemic activity as glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor by molecular docking analysis. Thirteen chemical constituents of T. cordifolia were used as ligands for docking study. The glycogen phosphorylase structure was obtained from Brookhaven protein databank (1LWO). Docking analysis was performed using Autodock Vina and PyRx 8. The inhibitory activity was analyzed by comparison the binding energy and binding mode of interaction of T. cordifolia chemical constituents on glycogen phosphorylase. The results indicate that magnoflorine, cordiofolioside A, and syringin exhibited good affinity to glycogen phosphorylase, by interacted at catalytic site of enzym
Aktivitas Antiasma Nigella sativa L. Dan Amomum cardamomum Terhadap Otot Polos Bronkus, Epitel Bronkiolus, Jumlah Sel Mast, Eosinophil Mencit Asma
Get PDFAsthma is a chronic respiratory inflammation that limits expiratory air flow. Black cumin reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the respiratory tract comparable to class III antihistamines, cardamom suppresses the formation of a Th2 immune response and has the potential to be therapeutic for allergic asthma. This study aims to determine the profile of black cumin & cardamom essential oils using GC-MS, the effect of the combination of black cumin & cardamom in reducing the thickness of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchiolar epithelium, number of mast cells, and eosinophils in asthmatic mice. This research is an experimental Post-test Only Control Group Design, creating an OVA-induced asthma test animal model of 30 Balb/C mice divided into 6 normal groups (N), asthma control (N-), positive control (P+) and 3 treatment groups with dose variations (K1, K2, K3). Day 7 desensitization OVA 10μg+1 mg Al(OH)3 0.5mL NaCl intraperitoneally, day 14 re-desensitization OVA 20μg+2 mg Al(OH)3 1 mL NaCl. On the 21st, 23rd and 25th days, 1% OVA was inhaled. Days 26 to 39 (K1), (K2), (K3) were given a combination of black cumin oil & cardamom. On the 40th day, histopathology was terminated. The results of the study showed that in 3 groups of dose variations with (P+) the thickness of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchiolar epithelium, mast cells and eosinophils was significantly greater (p>0.05), meaning that there was no statistically significant difference as an anti-asthma, the combination of black cumin & cardamom was proven. reducing the thickness of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchiolar epithelium, number of mast cells and eosinophils in asthmatic mice with optimal doses of a combination of black cumin oil and cardamom oil in a ratio of 75:25 (K2) showed better antiasthmatic potential, compared to K1 (50:50) and K3 (25 :75)
Analisis Biaya Terapi pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Kemih Rawat Inap di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada Tahun 2016
Get PDFUrinary tract infection is one of the infectious diseases that occur due to the presenceof microorganisms in the urine. Urinary tract infection financing was regulated in the INA-CBG’srates. The study purpose was determined the conformity of real cost to the INA-CBG’s rates inhospitalized of national health insurance patients with urinary tract infection disease in Dr.Moewardi hospital Surakarta in 2016.This study was an observational study using a cross sectional design. Retrospectivedata collection method. Data were analyzed to see the treatment pattern of patients duringhospitalization, to find the difference in real costs with INA-CBG's rates using the one sample ttest,and to see factors related to real costs using the bivariate correlation test.The result showed that the treatment pattern for hospitalized patients with urinary tractinfection are using Ceftriaxone (40,8%), Cefixime (7,1%), Ceftazidime (10,2%), Ciprofloxacin(26,5%), Levofloxacin (9,2%), Amoxicillin (3,1%), Ampicillin (1,0%), and Gentamicin (2,0%). Theanalysis of real cost to the INA-CBG’s rates showed the differences between real cost and INACBG’srate of national health insurance patients with urinary tract infection disease.This difference shows a positive condition, where the total real costs are lower than the INACBG'srates. The factor related to the real cost of urinary tract infection treatment including ofLOS, secondary diagnoses, and treatment classes.Infeksi saluran kemih adalah salah satu penyakit infeksi yang terjadi akibat adanyamikroorganisme dalam urin. Infeksi saluran kemih pembiayaannya diatur dalam tarif INA-CBG’s.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesesuaian biaya riil dengan tarif INA-CBG’s padapasien JKN rawat inap penyakit infeksi saluran kemih di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta tahun2016.Penelitian ini merupakan observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitiancross sectional. Metode pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Data dianalisis untuk melihatpola pengobatan pasien selama menjalani rawat inap, untuk mencari selisih biaya riil dengantarif INA-CBG’s menggunakan uji one sample t-test, dan untuk melihat faktor yang berhubungandengan biaya riil menggunakan uji korelasi bivariat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pengobatan pasien infeksi saluran kemihmenggunakan antibiotik Ceftriaxone (40,8%), Cefixime (7,1%), Ceftazidime (10,2%),Ciprofloxacin (26,5%), Levofloxacin (9,2%), Amoxicillin (3,1%), Ampicillin (1,0%), danGentamicin (2,0%). Analisis biaya rill dengan tarif INA-CBG’s terdapat perbedaan antara biayariil dengan tarif INA-CBG’s pada pasien JKN rawat inap penyakit infeksi saluran kemih.Perbedaan ini menunjukkan selisih yang positif, dimana total biaya riil lebih rendahdibandingkan tarif INA-CBG’s. Faktor yang behubungan dengan biaya riil pengobatan infeksisaluran kemih adalah LOS (Length of Stay), diagnosa sekunder, dan tingkat keparahan
Neuroprotector Effects of Moringa Leaf (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) Ethanol Extract on Type Two Diabetes Rats Induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamid
Get PDFDaun kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) telah banyak digunakan sebagai terapi alternatif untuk diabetes melitus, didukung oleh bukti ilmiah. Namun, efek daun kelor pada neuropati diabetes belum diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu terjadinya neuropati diabetik dan aktivitas neuroprotektif ekstrak daun kelor terhadap induksi streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). STZ-NA diinduksi intra peritoneal selama tiga hari untuk mendapatkan kondisi hiperglikemik pada tikus, sedangkan pengurangan jumlah makanan pada hewan uji dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kekurangan nutrisi yang akan mempercepat terjadinya neuropati diabetes. Injeksi intra peritoneal 65 mg/kg bb STZ dan 150 mg/kg bb NA dilakukan dan diamati sampai terjadi neuropati diabetik. Ekstrak etanol daun kelor diberikan secara oral setelah hewan uji mengalami neuropati diabetik pada hari ke-28 dengan dosis 50.100 dan 150 mg/kg bb. Glibenclamide, Vitamin B6, Glibenclamide + vitamin B6 digunakan sebagai kontrol obat. Akibatnya, kekurangan nutrisi dapat mempercepat terjadinya neuropati diabetik. Ekstrak etanol daun kelor dosis 100, 150 mg/kg bb memberikan aktivitas yang lebih baik dari glibenclamide, tetapi tidak lebih baik dari glibenclamide + vitamin B6. Neuropati diabetik pada tikus malnutrisi terjadi pada hari ke 28 setelah induksi STZ-NA. Dosis paling ampuh dari ekstrak etanol daun kelor yang akan dikembangkan sebagai neuroprotektor adalah dosis 150 mg / kg bb.Moringa leaf (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) has been widely used as an alternative therapy for diabetes mellitus, supported by scientific evidence. However, the effect of moringa leaves on diabetic neuropathy has not been studied. This study aims to determine the timing of the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy and the neuroprotective activity of moringa leaf extract on streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induction. STZ-NA was induced intra peritoneal for three days to obtain hyperglycemic conditions in rats, while reducing the amount of foods in test animals was carried out to get the nutritional deficiencies that will accelerate the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy. Intra peritoneal injection of 65 mg/kg bb STZ and 150 mg/kg bb NA were performed and observed until diabetic neuropathy occurred. Extract ethanol of Moringa leaf was given orally after the test animals had diabetic neuropathy on day 28 with doses of 50,100 and 150 mg/kg bb. Glibenclamide, Vitamin B6, Glibenclamide + vitamin B6 were used as medicines control. As result, lack of nutrition can accelerate the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy. Moringa leaf ethanol extract dose of 100, 150 mg/kg bb gave better activity than glibenclamide, but it’s not better than glibenclamide+vitamin B6. Diabetic neuropathy in malnourished rats occurred on day 28 after STZ-NA induction. The most potent dose of ethanol extract of moringa leaves to be developed as a neuroprotector is a dose of 150 mg/kg bb
Efek Antiplasmodium Ekstrak n-Heksana Kulit Batang Mundu (Garcinia dulcis Kurz.) Dengan Parameter Jumlah Leukosit Dan Hemoglobin Pada Mencit Swiss Webster Yang Diinfeksi Plasmodium Berghei
Get PDFMalaria is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of plasmodium genus. Mundu (Garcinia dulcis Kurz.) is one of the potential with the chemical compound xanton and triterpenoid for antiplasmodial. The aim of this experiment was to find out the effect of mundu (Garcinia dulcis Kurz) cortex n-hexane extract on leucocytes amount and hemoglobin level in mouse infected with Plasmodium berghei, and to know the dose of the most effective n-hexane extract as antiplasmodium. Mundu extract made by maceration use n-hexane. The animal test mice before treatment with extract induced by Plasmodium berghei to the number of erythrocytic in the blood of 107 and the concentrate extract was tested in each group of animals test with a dose of 50 mg / kg bw mice, 100 mg / kg bw mice and 150 mg / kg bw mice, negative control group were given 0.5% CMC and the positive control were given chloroquine be suspention in CMC solution. The anti-plasmodium effect was observed by calculating the leucocytes amount and hemoglobin level. Data was prosessed with one way ANOVA statistical test followed by tukey test. The result of the experiment showed that n-hexane extract of mundu cortex had the anti-plasmodium effect by decrease the leucocytes amount and increase hemoglobin on the mouse induced with Plasmodium berghei. The most effective dose of mundu cortex n-hexane extract was 100 mg/kg BW.Penyakit malaria adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh parasit dari genus Plasmodium yang termasuk golongan protozoa. Mundu (Garcinia dulcis Kurz.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang potensial dengan adanya kandungan senyawa xanton dan triterpenoid sebagai antiplasmodium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak n-heksana kulit batang mundu (Garcinia dulcis Kurz) terhadap jumlah leukosit dan kadar hemoglobin pada mencit yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei dan untuk mengetahui dosis ekstrak n-heksana yang paling efektif sebagai antiplasmodium. Ekstrak dibuat dengan cara maserasi dengan n-heksan. Hewan uji mencit sebelum diberi ekstrak diinduksi dengan Plasmodium berghei hingga jumlah parasit Plasmodium dalam darah sebesar 107 kemudian ekstrak kental yang didapatkan diujikan pada masing-masing kelompok hewan uji dengan dosis 50 mg/kg BB mencit , 100 mg/kg BB mencit dan 150 mg/kg BB mencit, kelompok kontrol negatif diberi CMC 0.5% dan kontrol positif diberi dengan klorokuin yang disuspensikan dalam larutan CMC 0.5%. Efek antiplasmodium diamati dengan menghitung jumlah leukosit dan kadar hemoglobin. Data diolah dengan uji statistik ANOVA satu jalan dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana kulit batang mundu mempunyai efek antiplasmodium dengan menurunkan jumlah leukosit dan meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin pada mencit yang diinduksi Plasmodium berghei. Dosis ekstrak nheksana kulit batang mundu yang paling efektif sebagai antiplasmodium adalah pada dosis 100 mg/kg BB
Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Obat Kategori Av Dengan Metode Abc, Ven Dan Eoq Di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Aura Syifa Kediri
No full textABSTRACT
Inventory Control Analysis Of AVMedicine CategoriesbyABC, VEN and EOQ Method In Pharmacy Installation at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri.Pharmaceutical logistics management and pharmaceutical services aim to identify, prevent and resolve drug-related problems. Broadness of services and Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri participation in Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) requires an efficient pharmaceutical supplies management. Regulations changes in Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) regarding tiered referral also change the pattern of drug consumption. In addition, arrears of BPJS patient claim payment at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri during the last few months caused hospital to be slightly constrained in terms of operations and services, especially related to the procurement of medicines.
Purpose of this study was to analyze control system and improve the efficiency of managing AV classification medicine using ABC, VEN and EOQ methods inpharmacy installation at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri.This study wasdescriptive with retrospective data collected, data used in the period January 2018 - December 2018. Medicine analyzed were oral drugs, injections and infusions that were included in group A from the results of ABC analysis, group V from the results of VEN analysis so it was obtained BPJS medicine AV categories.
Result of this study were combination of ABC and VEN analysis methods could identify drugs that require strict inventory control and prioritize 12 BPJS medicine in AV category. Pharmacy installation at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri in 2018 did not meet cost efficiency that is: procurement frequency was higher than the EOQ method. Calculation of ABC, VEN and EOQ methods may improve efficiency in controlling AV classification medicine supplies in BPJS patients at IFRS Aura Syifa Kediri.INTISARI
Manajemen logistik farmasi dan pelayanan kefarmasian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, mencegah, dan menyelesaikan masalah terkait obat. Luasnya pelayanan dan keikutsertaan RS Aura Syifa Kediri dalam JKN menuntut suatu pengelolaan persediaan farmasi yang efisien. Perubahan peraturan BPJS tentang rujukan berjenjang juga mengubah pola konsumsi obat. Selain itu tunggakan pembayaran klaim pasien BPJS di rumah sakit Aura Syifa Kediri selama beberapa bulan terakhir mengakibatkan pihak rumah sakit sedikit terkendala dari sisi operasional dan pelayanan, terutama berkaitan dengan pengadaan obat-obatan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisa sistem pengendalian dan meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan obat - obat klasifikasi AV dengan menggunakan metode ABC, VEN dan EOQ di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Aura Syifa Kediri.
Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara Retrospektif data yang digunakan periode Januari 2018 – Desember 2018. Obat yang dianalisis adalah obat oral, injeksi dan infus yang termasuk dalam kelompok A dari hasil analisis ABC, golongan V dari hasil analisis VEN sehingga didapatkan kelompok obat BPJS klasifikasi AV.
Hasil penelitan didapatkan bahwa dengan metode kombinasi analisis ABC dan VEN dapat mengidentifikasi obat yang memerlukan pengendalian persediaan yang lebih ketat dan memprioritaskan 12 item obat BPJS kategori AV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IFRS Aura Syifa pada tahun 2018 belum memenuhi efisiensi biaya yaitu frekuensi item pengadaan lebih tinggi dibanding metode EOQ. Sehingga perhitungan metode ABC VEN dan EOQ dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dalam pengendalian persediaan obat klasifikasi AV pada pasien BPJS di IFRS Aura Syifa Kediri
Neuroprotector Effects of Moringa Leaf (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) Ethanol Extract on Type Two Diabetes Rats Induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamid
No full textMoringa leaf (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) has been widely used as an alternative therapy for diabetes mellitus, supported by scientific evidence. However, the effect of moringa leaves on diabetic neuropathy has not been studied. This study aims to determine the timing of the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy and the neuroprotective activity of moringa leaf extract on streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induction. STZ-NA was induced intra peritoneal for three days to obtain hyperglycemic conditions in rats, while reducing the amount of foods in test animals was carried out to get the nutritional deficiencies that will accelerate the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy. Intra peritoneal injection of 65 mg/kg bb STZ and 150 mg/kg bb NA were performed and observed until diabetic neuropathy occurred. Extract ethanol of Moringa leaf was given orally after the test animals had diabetic neuropathy on day 28 with doses of 50,100 and 150 mg/kg bb. Glibenclamide, Vitamin B6, Glibenclamide + vitamin B6 were used as medicines control. As result, lack of nutrition can accelerate the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy. Moringa leaf ethanol extract dose of 100, 150 mg/kg bb gave better activity than glibenclamide, but it’s not better than glibenclamide+vitamin B6. Diabetic neuropathy in malnourished rats occurred on day 28 after STZ-NA induction. The most potent dose of ethanol extract of moringa leaves to be developed as a neuroprotector is a dose of 150 mg/kg bb.Daun kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) telah banyak digunakan sebagai terapi alternatif untuk diabetes melitus, didukung oleh bukti ilmiah. Namun, efek daun kelor pada neuropati diabetes belum diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu terjadinya neuropati diabetik dan aktivitas neuroprotektif ekstrak daun kelor terhadap induksi streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). STZ-NA diinduksi intra peritoneal selama tiga hari untuk mendapatkan kondisi hiperglikemik pada tikus, sedangkan pengurangan jumlah makanan pada hewan uji dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kekurangan nutrisi yang akan mempercepat terjadinya neuropati diabetes. Injeksi intra peritoneal 65 mg/kg bb STZ dan 150 mg/kg bb NA dilakukan dan diamati sampai terjadi neuropati diabetik. Ekstrak etanol daun kelor diberikan secara oral setelah hewan uji mengalami neuropati diabetik pada hari ke-28 dengan dosis 50.100 dan 150 mg/kg bb. Glibenclamide, Vitamin B6, Glibenclamide + vitamin B6 digunakan sebagai kontrol obat. Akibatnya, kekurangan nutrisi dapat mempercepat terjadinya neuropati diabetik. Ekstrak etanol daun kelor dosis 100, 150 mg/kg bb memberikan aktivitas yang lebih baik dari glibenclamide, tetapi tidak lebih baik dari glibenclamide + vitamin B6. Neuropati diabetik pada tikus malnutrisi terjadi pada hari ke 28 setelah induksi STZ-NA. Dosis paling ampuh dari ekstrak etanol daun kelor yang akan dikembangkan sebagai neuroprotektor adalah dosis 150 mg / kg bb
Variations of Tween Surfactant and Propylene Glycol Cosurfactant in Topical Microemulsion Formulation on The Penetration of Ibuprofen
Get PDFABSTRACTIbuprofen is a derivative of propionic acid, a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Ibuprofen has side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. So that topical use can be a solution to reduce the side effects of oral use because of the release of topical drugs through the stratum corneum which makes it selective in certain places. The preparation chosen was a topical microemulsion because it is more thermodynamically stable and has no effect on the gastrointestinal tract. This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio of surfactant concentrations of various ratios of tween 20:tween 80 and cosurfactant propylene glycol to the penetration rate of ibuprofen across the membrane and to determine the physical characteristics of topical microemulsions. Selection of tween surfactant and propylene glycol cosurfactant because it has high physical stability. This research is an experimental study, namely by making four formulations with various ratios of surfactant and cosurfactant with a difference of 2.5% in each formulation of topical ibuprofen microemulsion with a concentration of 5% ibuprofen using variations of surfactant tween 20 and tween 80, cosurfactant propylene glycol with black cumin oil phase. Evaluation of the preparation by organoleptic test, pH test of the preparation, examination of the type of emulsion, particle size measurement, microemulsion release test in vitro using the Franz diffusion method. The results show that the concentration ratio of surfactant tween 20:tween 80 and cosurfactant propylene glycol can affect particle size, pH and penetration velocity (flux) in Franz diffusion. The results of the study showed that in F1 using surfactant tween 20:tween 80 with a concentration of 71.6% (6:4) had the smallest particle size of 11.5 nm and the largest flux value was 128.45 g.cm-2.H- 1. In conclusion, variations in surfactant and cosurfactant concentrations can affect the pH of the preparation, particle size, penetration speed (flux). The results obtained that the cumulative percent and penetration speed of all formulas had significant differences (p0.05)
Aktivitas Antitusif Dan Ekspektoran Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi Polar-Semi Polar Herba Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) Pada Marmut (Cavia porcellus)
Get PDFPhyllantus niruri L., is wild plants, has wide applications in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study is to evaluated antitussive, expectorant activity, and description antitussive mechanism of phyllantus herbs.
Test animal male guniea pigs as many as 36 divided into 9 groups each consisting of 4 guinea pigs. The antitussive activity of ethanol extract and polar-semi-polar fraction be observed on percentage cough suppression by giving a citric acid 7.5% for 5 days. The Expectorant activity was evaluated with phenol red concentration in guinea trachea on 7 days. The mechanism description is evaluated by looking at the comparison of phyllantus herbs and combination ethanol extract phyllantus herbs and codeine modulated by the opioid receptor and glibenclamide modulated by the ATP sensitiv.e K+ channel.
The research showed ethanol extract and polar-semi-polar fraction increased the suppression of citric acid induced by citric acid 7.5% and decreased the a supprssant of mucus secretion on evaluation of expectorant. Polar-semi-polar fraction 160 mg/kgBB showed the effective activity antitussive 63,57%. Polar-semi-polar fraction 80 mg/kgBB showed decreased phenol red secretion by 56,91%. This study provides evidence that phyllantus herbs can be used as an antitussive and a suppressant of mucus secretion. Phyllantus herbs not description on mechanism antitussive modulated by the opioid receptor and ATP sensitiv.e K+ channel. The antitussive mechanism may be modulated by other systemic nerves and peripheral nervesPhyllantus niruri L., yang merupakan tanaman liar, memiliki aplikasi yang luas dalam pengobatan tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi aktivitas antitusif, ekspektoran, serta gambaran mekanisme antitusif herba meniran.
Hewan uji marmut jantan sebanyak 36 ekor dibagi menjadi 9 kelompok masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 4 ekor marmut. Aktivitas antitusif ekstrak etanol dan fraksi polar-semi polar dinilai dengan prosentase supresi batuk menggunakan asam sitrat 7,5% sebagai penginduksi selama 5 hari. Aktivitas ekspektoran dievaluasi dengan melihat konsentrasi phenol red pada trakea marmut pada hari ke 7. Gambaran mekanisme dievaluasi dengan melihat perbandingan pemberian ekstrak herba meniran tunggal dengan kombinasi ekstrak herba meniran dan kodein gambaran secara sentral pada reseptor opiod dan glibenklamide secara periferal pada ATP sensitive K+ channel.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak etanol dan fraksi polar-semi polar dapat meningkatkan supresi batuk dan memberikan supresi sekresi mukus dalam evaluasi ekspektoran. Fraksi polar-semi polar 160 mg/kgBB menunjukkan nilai antitusif paling efektif 63,57%. Frasi polar-semi polar 80 mg/kgBB menunjukkan penurunan sekresi phenol red sebesar 56,91%. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa meniran dapat digunakan sebagai antitusif dan supresi sekresi mukus. Herba meniran tidak memberikan gambaran mekanisme antitusif pada reseptor opiod atau ATP sensitive K+ channel. Aktivitas antitusif herba meniran mungkin dimodulasi saraf sistemik atau perifer lainnya
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Herba Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) dan Biji Jinten Hitam (Nigella sativa L.) terhadap Reaksi Anafilaksis Kutan Aktif pada Tikus Putih Wistar Jantan yang Diinduksi Ovalbumin
Get PDFDevelopment of medical plants for the allergic reaction is continuing with the extrac of the bitter (Andrographis paniculata Nees) and black seed (Nigella sativa L.) as an example. This reseach’s purpose is studying inhibition of anaphylaxis reactions effect from ethanol extracts of the bitter herbs and black seed for active anaphylaxis reaction inducted by ovalbumin in male Wistar rats. Research used active anaphylaxis reaction method with 5 test groups, i.e. negative control group, positive control group and 3 tread group. The rats were subcutaneously sensitized by ovalbumin two act time with an interval of seven days. Back rats shavered and intravenaosly injected with evans blue in rats tail. Diameter area of pigmentation measured every hour, up to 8 hours. Obtained data then tested statistically using ANOVA. Results showed that the extract of bitter herbs (120 mg/kg BB), black seed (30 mg/kg BB) and combination of both (60 mg/kg BB : 15 mg/kg BB) could inhibit pigmentation in the back rats skin area. Percent inhibition respectively is 12.39 %; 14.51 %; 22.36 %. Nevertheless, the inhibitory effect was still lower compared with cromolyn sodium as an mast cell stabilizer drug. It can be concluded that the combination of bitter herbs ethanol extracts with black seed ethanol extracts more effectively inhibit active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction of ovalbumin induced in male Wistar rats.Pengembangan tanaman obat sebagai antialergi terus berkembang di antaranya adalah sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) dan biji jinten hitam (Nigella sativa L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efek penghambatan reaksi anafilaksis ekstrak etanol herba sambiloto dan bij jinten hitam pada reaksi anafilaksis kutan aktif yang diinduksi ovalbumin pada tikus Wistar jantan. Penelitian menggunakan metode anafilaksis kutan aktif dengan 5 kelompok uji, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif dan 3 kelompok perlakuan. Subjek uji disensitisasi dengan ovalbumin secara subkutan sebanyak 2 kali dengan selang waktu 7 hari. Tikus dicukur punggungnya dan disuntik evans blue secara intravena pada ekor tikus. Diameter area pigmentasi diukur setiap jam, hingga jam ke 8. Data yang diperoleh diuji secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ektrak herba sambiloto (120 mg/kg BB), biji jinten hitam (30 mg/kg BB) dan kombinasi keduanya (60 mg/kg BB : 15 mg/kg BB) dapat menghambat area pigmentasi pada kulit punggung tikus. Persen daya hambat secara berturut-turut adalah 12.39 %; 14.51 %; 22.36 %. Namun, efek tersebut masih lebih rendah dibandingkan natrium kromolin, obat penstabil sel mast. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak etanol herba sambiloto dengan ekstrak etanol biji jinten hitam lebih efektif menghambat reaksi anafilaksis kutan aktif yang diinduksi ovalbumin pada tikus Wistar jantan
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