268,398 research outputs found
Wang Shuo and the commercialisation of contemporary Chinese culture
Full text linkThis thesis examines the commercialisation of Chinese culture that has taken place over the past twenty years in mainland China. It explores the contribution of Wang Shuo, a cultural figure who straddles different fields of culture, moving from literature to the ultimate mass culture medium of television, this study plots Wang Shuo' s development from educational failure, to business failure, to fiction writer, film & TV editor, film director and cultural critic and analyst. His stories, films, TV series and articles have caused shock-waves throughout national cultural circles as he has transformed the terms of the debate from academic discourse to a validation of the role of the market in the culture field. Although Wang Shuo has not been labelled as a dissident, his approach to the culture market has had a more subversive effect on official ideology that those overt dissidents who have had to live in exile or have been imprisoned. He has utilised the language of official ideology to satirise the authorities, turning the ideology and its supporters into figures of fun. Yet his own goals have been strictly personal and economic ones. The authorities recognize the value of Wang Shuo's work in the cultural market but at the same time distrust his works and place him under strict censorship. Examining the way Wang Shuo and people surround him have succeeded in different fields of cultural achievement is a mirror to understanding the process of the transformation of contemporary Chinese culture from a socialist state-controlled culture to a market-oriented mass culture industry
Wang Meng and contemporary Chinese literature: the vicissitudes of a committed writer
Full text linkThis thesis examines the way Wang Meng has developed as a writer from the 1950s to the 1990s in the context of New China's political and literary background. It looks at the compromises he was forced to make between his political beliefs in the Communist Party and his chosen role as a professional writer. After his disastrous early foray into what was deemed to be unacceptable political criticism with The Young Newcomer in the Organisation Department in the 1950s, when the opportunity came to start publishing again in the late 1970s he was boldly innovative in style, helping to transform New Period literature, but conservative in content, sticking to politically acceptable topics. It was only with Hard Porridge in 1989 that he ventured again, and very successfully, into political comment. There is no outstanding leading writer in contemporary China, but Wang Meng is a leading contender for the title
Study of B c + → J / ψ D s + and B c + → J / ψ D s ∗ + decays in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textAbstract
A study of
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
+
and
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
∗
+
decays using 139 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected with the ATLAS detector from
s
= 13 TeV pp collisions at the LHC is presented. The ratios of the branching fractions of the two decays to the branching fraction of the
B
c
+
→ J/ψπ+ decay are measured:
B
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
+
/
B
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψπ
+
= 2.76 ± 0.47 and
B
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
∗
+
/
B
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψπ
+
= 5.33 ± 0.96. The ratio of the branching fractions of the two decays is found to be
B
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
∗
+
/
B
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
∗
+
= 1.93 ± 0.26. For the
B
c
+
→
J
/
ψ
D
s
∗
+
decay, the transverse polarization fraction, Γ±±/Γ, is measured to be 0.70 ± 0.11. The reported uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components added in quadrature. The precision of the measurements exceeds that in all previous studies of these decays. These results supersede those obtained in the earlier ATLAS study of the same decays with
s
= 7 and 8 TeV pp collision data. A comparison with available theoretical predictions for the measured quantities is presented
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
Full text linkThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Library 2.011 World-wide Virtual Conference, "The Future of Libraries in the Digital Age", November 2-4, 2011
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to present a conference report on the unique organizational features and the common themes found among the three keynote speeches of the Library 2.011 World Wide Virtual Conference held on the internet on November 2-4, 2011. This report was generated based on the author’s personal participation and observation of a virtual conference and a descriptive method was used to report on and summarize the major subjects of three keynote presentations. The paper finds that Library 2.0 is still a live practice among libraries, and the concept itself has become an inspiring theoretical starting point for re-examining information profession, information literacy, and information management behaviours. This article sorts out the theoretical directions of Library 2.0’s research, which will provide a reflective and guiding tool for evaluating current library practice and designing future innovative library services.The published version of this article is available at: 10.1108/07419051111202637. This article is (c) Emerald Group Publishing and permission has been granted for this version to appear here. Emerald does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Spartina alterniflora invasion controls organic carbon stocks in coastal marsh and mangrove soils across tropics and subtropics
Full text linkThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this record.Coastal wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems and store large amounts of organic carbon (C)—the so termed “blue carbon.” However, wetlands in the tropics and subtropics have been invaded by smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) affecting storage of blue C. To understand how S. alterniflora affects soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, sources, stability, and their spatial distribution, we sampled soils along a 2500 km coastal transect encompassing tropical to subtropical climate zones. This included 216 samplings within three coastal wetland types: a marsh (Phragmites australis) and two mangroves (Kandelia candel and Avicennia marina). Using δ13C, C:nitrogen (N) ratios, and lignin biomarker composition, we traced changes in the sources, stability, and storage of SOC in response to S. alterniflora invasion. The contribution of S. alterniflora-derived C up to 40 cm accounts for 5.6%, 23%, and 12% in the P. australis, K. candel, and A. marina communities, respectively, with a corresponding change in SOC storage of +3.5, −14, and −3.9 t C ha−1. SOC storage did not follow the trend in aboveground biomass from the native to invasive species, or with vegetation types and invasion duration (7–15 years). SOC storage decreased with increasing mean annual precipitation (1000–1900 mm) and temperature (15.3–23.4℃). Edaphic variables in P. australis marshes remained stable after S. alterniflora invasion, and hence, their effects on SOC content were absent. In mangrove wetlands, however, electrical conductivity, total N and phosphorus, pH, and active silicon were the main factors controlling SOC stocks. Mangrove wetlands were most strongly impacted by S. alterniflora invasion and efforts are needed to focus on restoring native vegetation. By understanding the mechanisms and consequences of invasion by S. alterniflora, changes in blue C sequestration can be predicted to optimize storage can be developed.State's Key Project of Research and Development Plan of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of Chin
Prompt charm production in pp collisions at √<span style="text-decoration:overline">s</span>=7 TeV
Full text linkCharm production at the LHC in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV is studied with the LHCb detector. The decays D0→K−π+, D+→K−π+π+, D⁎+→D0(K−π+)π+, D+s→ϕ(K−K+)π+, Λ+c→pK−π+, and their charge conjugates are analysed in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15 nb−1. Differential cross-sections dσ/dpT are measured for prompt production of the five charmed hadron species in bins of transverse momentum and rapidity in the region 0<pT<8 GeV/c and 2.0<y<4.5. Theoretical predictions are compared to the measured differential cross-sections. The integrated cross-sections of the charm hadrons are computed in the above pT-y range, and their ratios are reported. A combination of the five integrated cross-section measurements gives
σ(cc¯)pT<8 GeV/c,2.0<y<4.5=1419±12(stat)±116(syst)±65(frag) μb,
where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the fragmentation functions
(The) development of Wang Mang&apos;s Political power in Han Dynasty : a Study of Wang Mang&apos;s political group
No full textThis thesis analyzes the character of Wang Mang&apos;s political group which was formed at the late period of former &apos;Han&apos; dynasty. Wang Mang&apos;s group was a reforming-group which propelled political refrom. As this group took the lead of foundation of &apos;Shin(新)&apos;-dynasty, its existence is important in the right of politics.
The formation of Wang Mang&apos;s group took 3 developing steps. Wang Mang&apos;s group appeared out of existing political system. So the early Wang Mang&apos;s group was a negative political-group whose purpose was to maintain maternal relatives&apos; political rights.(外戚政權) But by using an old political system, this group gradullay changed into an independent political power whose members were reorganized with more faithful proteges.
Through this process, it developed into a reforming-group which could have practiced Wang Mang&apos;s reform and finally participated in coup attempt of &apos;Shin&apos;- dynasty.
In the course of looking into development of Wnag Mang&apos;s group, we can pick out the figures who made up of Wang Mang&apos;s group. After examining the characters of these figures, we know that Wang Mang&apos;s group was composed of characters of bereaucratists (官僚), guests (賓客), staff (幕僚) and what not.
These members were concerned with the maternal relatives&apos; political system which had lasted after the period of &apos;Shin&apos;- dynasty.
To understand how they could be entered into Wnag Mang&apos;s group, we have to analyze maternal relatives&apos; political system which caused that problem.
As result of analyzing maternal relatives&apos; political system, we can understand that the prerogative of a minister resent (輔政大臣) as a core of maternal relation-based politics means the condition of foundation of Wang Mang&apos;s group.
In the end, it seems that the establishment owner ship (幕府設置權) and the right of recommed as a bereaucratist (官吏薦擧權) which was given to minister regent, were operated as a condition which enabled them to from an independent political-power.;本稿는 前漢 末期에 出現하여, 前漢을 滅亡시켰던 왕망정권이 出現 背景을 이해하려 한 것이다. 왕망정권은 外戚政權으로 出發하여 「新」이라는 새로운 王朝의 建設에 성공할 수 있을 정도의 革命勢力으로 發展하였다. 이렇게 왕망정권이 급속한 成長을 할 수 있었던 데에는 특별한 원인이 있었을 것으로 생각된다. 本稿에서는 왕망정권의 主體인 왕망집단의 性格을 分析하여 그 政權의 出現 背景을 밝혀 보려 하였다. 특히 왕망집단의 制度的 性格에 分析의 중점이 두어졌다.
왕망집단은 成帝 卽位 이후에 계속 이어졌던 王氏 外威의 政治體制를 母體로 하여 결성되었다. 初期의 왕망집단은 外戚政權을 유지하기 위한 소극적 政治集團이었다. 旣存의 外戚輔政制度를 그대로 계승하였기 때문이었다. 그러나 기존의 外戚輔政集團은 왕망에 의하여 보다 결속력이 강한 獨自的 政治勢力으로 변모하여 갔다. 政治的 性格도 外戚政權을 고수하려는 體制維持的 性格에서 탈피하여 政治的 改革을 실천하려는 改革集團으로 發展하였다.
왕망집단은 왕망의 簒位에 同參하였던 者들로 완성되었다. 이때 왕망집단 속에는 官僚의 性格을 보이는 사람들이 포함되어져 있었다. 官僚와 幕僚는 權力의 上層部에 자리하면서서 왕망의 簒位를 주도하였고, 賓客은 民間에서 왕망을 支持하는 與論을 조성하는 한편, 官僚냐 幕僚로 발탁되어 직접 改革에 참여하기도 하였다.
그리고 왕망집단의 構成員들을 확인하여 본 결과 이들에게는 하나의 共通點이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이들은 왕망이 輔政大臣으로 權力을 장악하기 이전부터 王氏 輔政體制 內에 存在하고 있었다는 것이다. 따라서 本稿에서는 前漢 末期의 輔政體制에서 왕망집단의 出現 背景을 分析하여 보았다. 前漢의 輔政體制는 輔政大臣에게 주어졌던 諸特權에 의하여 運營되고 維持되었다. 輔政大臣의 特權이었던 兵力의 所有權과 幕府設置權, 官吏薦擧權, 尙書를 統領하는 特權 등은 中央權力의 中心部에서 다수의 왕망집단이 나올 수 있었던 원인이 되었다. 결국 왕망집단은 輔政體制라고 하는 前漢의 制度와 밀접하였음을 알 수 있었다. 輔政體制를 통하여 보다 中樞的인 國家의 機能을 掌握함으로서 왕망은 簒位에 성공할 수 있었고, 왕망집단은 그 過程에서 탄생되었던 것이다.Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
Ⅱ. 王 莽 集團의 形成과 發展過程 = 6
A) 第一期 - 外戚政治集團 = 7
B) 第二期 - 改革政治集團 = 11
C) 第三期 - 新王朝의 官僚集團 = 23
Ⅲ. 王莽集團의 性格 分析 = 29
A) 官僚集團 = 37
B) 賓客集團 = 45
C) 幕僚集團 = 49
Ⅳ. 前漢末 外戚政權의 制度的 構造 = 52
A) 輔政大臣의 性格 = 53
B) 前漢 輔政體制의 特徵 = 55
C) 王氏外戚 輔政體制의 特徵 = 64
Ⅴ. 結論 = 74
參考文獻 = 77
ABSTRACT = 8
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