162,183 research outputs found
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Variation in the access to deep soil water pools explains tree-to-tree differences in drought-triggered dieback of Mediterranean oaks
No full textIndividual differences in the access to deep soil water pools may explain the differential damage among coexisting, conspecific trees as a consequence of drought-induced dieback. We addressed this issue by comparing the responses to a severe drought of three Mediterranean oak species with different drought tolerance, Quercus pubescens L. and Quercus frainetto Ten., mainly thriving at xeric and mesic sites, respectively, and Quercus cerris L., which dominates at intermediate sites. For each species, we compared coexisting declining (D) and non-declining (ND) trees. The stable isotope composition (δ2H, δ18O) of xylem and soil water was used to infer a differential use of soil water sources. We also measured tree size and radial growth to quantify the long-term divergence of wood production between D and ND trees and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in sapwood to evaluate if D trees presented lower NSC values. The ND trees had access to deeper soil water than D trees except in Q. frainetto, as indicated by significantly more depleted xylem water values. However, a strong δ2H offset between soil and xylem water isotopes observed in peak summer could suggest that both tree types were not physiologically active under extreme drought conditions. Alternative processes causing deuterium fractionation, however, could not be ruled out. Tree height and recent (last 15-25 years) growth rates in all species studied were lower in D than in ND trees by 22 and 44%, respectively. Lastly, there was not a consistent pattern of NSC sapwood concentration; in Q. pubescens, it was higher in ND trees while in Q. frainetto, the D trees were the ones exhibiting the higher NSC concentration. We conclude that the vulnerability to drought among conspecific Mediterranean oaks depends on the differential access to deep soil water pools, which may be related to differences in rooting depth, tree size and growth rate
La variación intraespecífica en el uso del agua del suelo explica el decaimiento de bosques causado por sequía en especies de robles en el sur de Italia
No full textEl decaimiento de los bosques debido al cambio climático es un fenómeno global que afecta a
muchas especies de árboles, principalmente en áreas propensas a sequías, como la región
mediterránea. En el sur de Italia varias especies de robles muestran fenómenos de decaimiento
desde principios de siglo debido al estrés inducido por sequía. Si bien el fenómeno se extiende a
rodales enteros, el daño (desecación a nivel del follaje, reducción del crecimiento, etc.) no afecta por
igual a todos los individuos. Por lo tanto, existen mecanismos intraespecíficos que explican la
variabilidad de la vulnerabilidad a la sequía y que aún no se comprenden completamente. El objetivo
general del estudio fue verificar si la variabilidad en dicha vulnerabilidad puede estar relacionada
con diferencias en el acceso al agua entre individuos de la misma especie. El estudio se realizó en
dos sitios en decaimiento (Gorgoglione y San Paolo Albanese), durante la sequía estival más
extrema de la última década (2017), comparando las respuestas de tres robles mediterráneos que
presentaban diferentes necesidades ecológicas con respecto a la disponibilidad hídrica: Quercus
pubescens, Quercus cerris y Quercus frainetto. Para cada especie comparamos pares de individuos
dominantes mostrando mucha (decaídos) o poca (no decaídos) defoliación. Sobre estas categorías
se analizó la señal isotópica de oxígeno (δ18O) e hidrógeno (δ2H) del agua contenida en el xilema de
las ramas y en el suelo. También caracterizamos el crecimiento radial para detectar divergencias a
largo plazo entre árboles decaídos y no decaídos. Finalmente, se midió la concentración de
carbohidratos no estructurales (NSC) en la albura para evaluar las diferencias entre árboles. Al
comparar los isótopos estables del agua en el suelo y en el xilema, encontramos diferencias
significativas entre individuos decaídos y no decaídos en Q. cerris y Q. pubescens, pero no en Q.
frainetto. Los árboles no decaídos utilizaron agua menos enriquecida, derivada de fuentes de agua
más profundas, lo que sugiere que disponen de un sistema de raíces más profundo capaz de
asegurar un suministro de agua en caso de sequía extrema. La tasa de crecimiento radial promedio
de los árboles decaídos, que eran en general menos altos, fue un 44% menor que la de los no
decaídos. Encontramos concentraciones más bajas de NSC en árboles decaídos de Q. pubescens, la
especie que forma un sistema radical menos profundo. Estos resultados no apoyan la idea de que el
decaimiento está relacionado con la escasez de reservas de carbono. La vulnerabilidad a la sequía
entre individuos de una misma especie depende, entre otros factores, del acceso a los recursos
hídricos disponible a distintas profundidades del suelo
Emotional Symptoms and Dietary Patterns in Early Adolescence: A School-Based Follow-up Study
No full textObjective To examine the relationship between early emotional symptoms and dietary patterns over 3 years in a school-based sample. Design Three-year longitudinal prospective study. Setting Thirteen schools in Reus, Spain. Participants From a sample of 562 preadolescents with and without emotional symptoms, 165 were observed and were classified as either showing (n = 100) or not showing emotional symptoms (n = 65). Main Outcome Measure Emotional symptoms were assessed at baseline and after 1 and 3 years. In the third year, data were collected on food consumption, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), and physical activity. Analysis Dietary patterns were created by principal component analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted with P < .05 considered significant. Results Girls with emotional symptoms scored significantly lower in assessments for MD (score of 5.41 ± 2.19) and physical activity (score of 4.97 ± 2.05) than did girls who had no emotional symptoms (scores: MD, 6.19 ± 1.67; physical activity: 5.86 ± 1.94). Approximately 39.68% of girls with emotional symptoms showed high adherence to a sweet and fatty food pattern. After adjusted logistic regression, girls with emotional symptoms were 4 times as likely to have high adherence to a sweet and fatty food pattern (odds ratio, 4.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.55–15.10). No differences were observed among boys. Conclusions and Implications Girls with emotional symptoms during early adolescence have high adherence to a pattern rich in sweet and fat foods and low adherence to MD, and engage in low levels of physical activity. These findings highlight the importance of managing emotional distress to prevent it from having a negative effect on eating behavior. © 2017 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavio
Murder on the mountain: author talk with Peter J. Wosh
No full textAuthor talk by Peter J. Wosh on May 5th, 2022, on his book, "Murder on the Mountain: crime, passion, and punishment in gilded age New Jersey.
Mr. Melvin J. Collier, RWWL AUC, June 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Mr. Melvin J. Collier. Mr. Collier talks about his book, "From Mississippi to Africa: A Journey of Discovery". Daniel Le, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Growth, wood anatomy and stable isotopes show species-specific couplings in three Mexican conifers inhabiting drought-prone areas
No full textAn improved understanding of how tree species will respond to warmer conditions and longer droughts requires comparing their responses across different environmental settings and considering a multi-proxy approach. We used several traits (tree-ring width, formation of intra-annual density fluctuations - IADFs, wood anatomy, Δ13C and δ18O records) to retrospectively quantify these responses in three conifers inhabiting drought-prone areas in northwestern Mexico. A fir species (Abies durangensis) was studied in a higher altitude and slightly rainier site and two pine species were sampled in a nearby, lower drier site (Pinus engelmannii, Pinus cembroides). Tree-ring-width indices (TRWi) of the studied species showed a very similar year-to-year variability likely indicating a common climatic signal. Wood anatomy analyses done over 3.5 million measured cells, showed that P. cembroides lumen area was much smaller than in the other two species and it remained constant along all the studied period (over 64 years). Instead, cell wall thickness was widest in P. engelmannii and this species presented the highest amount of intra-annual density fluctuations. Climate and wood anatomy correlations pointed out that lumen area was positively affected by winter precipitation for all studied species, while cell-wall thickness was negatively affected by this season's precipitation in all species but P. cembroides. Stable isotope analysis showed significantly lower values of Δ13C for P. cembroides and no significant δ18O differences between the three species, although they shared a common decreasing trend. With very distinct wood anatomical traits (smaller cells, compact morphology), P. cembroides stood out as the better adapted species in its current environment and could be less affected by future drier climate. P. engelmannii and A. durangensis showed high plasticity at wood anatomical level, allowing them to promptly respond to seasonal water availability but likely gives few advantages on future climate scenarios with longer and frequent drought spells
A Tripartite Post-Recession Rebalancing
No full textIn this latest Advance & Rutgers Report, entitled “A Tripartite Post-Recession Rebalancing,” Dean James W. Hughes and Professor Joseph J. Seneca deliver an incisive assessment of the current market conditions and obstacles in the path of our economic recovery. They offer a statistical cautionary tale that the private and public sector need to hear and acknowledge in order for the economy to make continued progress.This report was published as Issue Paper Number 7, November 2011, in Advance & Rutgers Report
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
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