46 research outputs found
Submarine groundwater discharge feedbacks on ecosystem services
No full textEls éssers humans tenen una important capacitat per modificar l'entorn en benefici propi. No obstant això, alguns canvis antropogènics han tingut conseqüències globals, provocant la degradació dels ecosistemes del planeta. Amb la finalitat d'analitzar aquestes interaccions entre persones i la natura, el marc de Serveis Ecosistèmics (SE) proposa quatre categories de serveis (Suport, Proveïment, Regulació i Culturals), que fan referència als beneficis que la societat obté de l'ús i modificació dels ecosistemes per al seu benestar. Les zones costaneres són una font fonamental de SE per a les persones, caracteritzades per ser de les zones més productives i sensibles que podem trobar. Els ecosistemes costaners, reconeguts per la seva diversitat i productivitat, depenen de la connexió hidrològica entre la terra i l'oceà regulada per processos com els rius, rierols i la Descàrrega Submarina d'Aigua subterrània (SGD de les seves sigles en anglès). Entre ells, la SGD està reconeguda com un procés hidrològic fonamental que sosté molts cicles biogeoquímics costaners i sistemes soci-ecològics. No obstant això, s'ha investigat molt poc sobre com la SGD afecta a la societat i el benestar humà. Per omplir aquest buit, aquesta tesi té com a objectiu avançar en el coneixement de la dimensió social de la SGD, contribuint a abordar la desconnexió existent entre les ciències naturals i socials en aquest camp. Amb aquesta finalitat, aquesta tesi avalua tant els impactes d'activitats antropogèniques altament contaminants en la SGD, com les implicacions socials d'aquest procés mitjançant el desenvolupament i l'aplicació del marc conceptual de SE (marc conceptual per a l'anàlisi de sistemes soci-ecològics). Els resultats d'aquesta tesi demostren com les activitats antropogèniques altament contaminants poden induir grans fluxos de metalls i nutrients dissolts en l'oceà costaner, tenint un impacte significatiu en els ecosistemes marins. Així mateix, la diversitat de subprocessos que componen la SGD juguen un paper fonamental en el control dels fluxos de soluts subministrats a l'oceà costaner. En aquesta tesi també mostren que l'alta pressió exercida sobre les zones costaneres per les activitats turístiques pot provocar alteracions en els fluxos de SGD, posant en perill els ecosistemes costaners i els serveis que proporcionen. Per poder avançar en la coneixement de les implicacions socials de la SGD, aquesta tesi desenvolupa el primer marc teòric per identificar i classificar els Serveis Ecosistèmics proporcionats per la SGD i els seus efectes en el benestar de les societats locals. Els resultats mostren que la SGD, des del seu ús com a recurs hídric fins a la seva influència cultural, està profundament arrelada en moltes societats costaneres a escala global, i els ecosistemes dependents de la SGD tenen un impacte significatiu en les comunitats locals. D'acord amb els resultats obtinguts de la percepció local de dues societats mediterrànies (Mallorca i Salento) sobre el seu ús i paper en les comunitats costaneres, s'evidencia la necessitat d'integrar dades de la literatura científica, informació disponible en la literatura grisa i coneixement local per a obtenir una comprensió completa de la dimensió cultural de la SGD. També mostren que la limitada documentació històrica sobre el SGD provoca biaixos en la recopilació de dades dels SE actuals en comparació amb el passat en les dues zones estudiades. La perspectiva interdisciplinària seguida en aquesta tesi representa un avanç en el coneixement de la SGD i aporta nous coneixements i evidències per a guiar les estratègies polítiques i de gestió en relació amb la SGD. Aquesta tesi ofereix una anàlisi detallada de l'estreta relació entre el SGD i el benestar de les comunitats costaneres, proporcionant evidència científica sòlida i una metodologia robusta per a comprendre la influència del SGD en aquestes societats des d'un enfocament socioecològic.Los seres humanos tienen una importante capacidad para modificar su entorno en beneficio propio. No obstante, algunos cambios antropogénicos han tenido consecuencias a escala global, provocando la degradación de los ecosistemas del planeta. Con el fin de analizar estas interacciones entre personas y la naturaleza, el marco de Servicios Ecosistémicos (SE) propone cuatro categorías de servicios (Apoyo, Abastecimiento, Regulación y Culturales), que hacen referencia a los beneficios que la sociedad obtiene del uso y modificación de los ecosistemas para su bienestar. Las zonas costeras son una fuente crucial de SE para las personas, caracterizadas por ser de las más productivas y sensibles que podemos encontrar. Los ecosistemas costeros, reconocidos por su diversidad y productividad, dependen de la conectividad hidrológica entre la tierra y el océano regulada por procesos como los ríos, arroyos y la Descarga Submarina de Agua subterránea (SGD de sus siglas en inglés). Entre ellos, la SGD se reconoce como un proceso hidrológico fundamental que sostiene muchos ciclos biogeoquímicos costeros y sistemas socio-ecológicos. Sin embargo, se ha investigado muy poco sobre cómo la SGD afecta a la sociedad y el bienestar humano. Para llenar este vacío, esta tesis tiene como objetivo avanzar en el entendimiento de la dimensión social de la SGD, contribuyendo a abordar la desconexión existente entre las ciencias naturales y sociales en este campo. Con este fin, esta tesis evalúa tanto los impactos de actividades antropogénicas altamente contaminantes en la SGD como las implicaciones sociales de este proceso mediante el desarrollo y la aplicación del marco conceptual de SE (marco conceptual para el análisis de sistemas socio-ecológicos) a la investigación de la SGD. Los resultados de esta tesis demuestran cómo las actividades antropogénicas altamente contaminantes pueden inducir grandes flujos de metales y nutrientes disueltos en el océano costero, teniendo un impacto significativo en los ecosistemas marinos. Además, la diversidad de subprocesos que componen la SGD juegan un papel fundamental en el control de los flujos de solutos suministrados al océano costero. La alta presión ejercida sobre las zonas costeras por las actividades turísticas puede provocar alteraciones en los flujos de SGD, poniendo en peligro los ecosistemas costeros y los servicios que proporcionan. Para poder avanzar en el conocimiento de las implicaciones sociales de la SGD, esta tesis desarrolla el primer marco teórico para identificar y clasificar los SE proporcionados por la SGD y sus efectos en el bienestar de las sociedades locales. La SGD, desde su uso como recurso hídrico hasta su influencia cultural, está profundamente arraigada en muchas sociedades costeras a escala global, y los ecosistemas dependientes de la SGD tienen un impacto significativo en las comunidades locales. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos de la percepción local de dos sociedades mediterráneas (Mallorca y Salento) sobre su uso y papel en las comunidades costeras, se evidencia la necesidad de integrar datos de la literatura científica, información disponible en la literatura gris y conocimiento local para obtener una comprensión completa de la dimensión cultural de la SGD. La limitada documentación histórica sobre el SGD provoca sesgos en la recopilación de datos de los SE actuales en comparación con el pasado en las dos zonas estudiadas. El enfoque interdisciplinario seguido en esta tesis representa un avance en el conocimiento de la SGD y aporta nuevos conocimientos y evidencias para guiar las estrategias políticas y de gestión con relación a la SGD. En conclusión, esta tesis ofrece un análisis detallado de la estrecha relación entre el SGD y el bienestar de las comunidades costeras, proporcionando evidencia científica sólida y una metodología robusta para comprender la influencia del SGD en estas sociedades desde un enfoque socioecológico.Humans have a notable ability to modify their surrounding environment for their own benefit. Nonetheless, some anthropogenic changes have led to global-scale consequences, causing the degradation of Earth's ecosystems. To analyze these human-nature interactions, the Ecosystem Services framework poses four categories of services referred to the benefits to society of using and modifying ecosystems toward their well-being (i.e., Supporting, Provisioning, Regulating and Cultural). Coastal areas are a crucial source of ecosystem services for humans, being both productive and sensitive. Coastal ecosystems, renowned for their diversity and productivity, depend on hydrological land-ocean connectivity regulated by processes such as rivers, streams, and Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD). Among them, SGD is recognized as a fundamental hydrological process that supports many coastal biogeochemical cycles and social-ecological systems. However, very little has been investigated about how SGD affects society and human well-being. To bridge this gap of knowledge, this thesis aims to advance the understanding of the social dimension of Submarine Groundwater Discharge, contributing to address the existing disconnection between the natural and social sciences in this field. To this aim, this thesis assesses both the impacts of highly polluting anthropogenic activities on SGD and the societal implications of this process by developing and applying the Ecosystem Services framework (a socio- ecological system approach) to SGD research. The results of this thesis demonstrate how polluting anthropogenic activities can induce large fluxes of dissolved metals and nutrients into the coastal ocean, having a significant impact on coastal marine ecosystems. In addition, the diversity of pathways of SGD play a relevant role on controlling the solutes fluxes supplied into the coastal ocean. The findings of this thesis also show that the high pressure exerted on coastal areas by tourism activities can lead to alterations in SGD fluxes, thereby endangering coastal ecosystems and the services they provide. To advance the understanding of the social implications of SGD, this thesis develops the first framework for identifying and classifying the Ecosystem Services provided by SGD and their effects on the well-being of local societies. Results show that SGD, from its use as a water resource to its cultural influence, is deeply rooted in many coastal societies at a global scale, and SGD-dependent ecosystems have a significant impact on the local communities. Additionally, results from the local perceptions of two Mediterranean societies (Mallorca and Salento) towards SGD, including its uses and its role in coastal communities, highlight the necessity of integrating data from the scientific literature, together with the information available in the grey literature and local knowledge for a complete understanding of the cultural dimension of SGD. Findings also show that the limited historical documentation on SGD causes bias in reporting present ecosystem services compared to the past in the two studied areas. The interdisciplinary approach followed in this thesis represents a novelty and brings new knowledge and evidence to guide policy and management strategies regarding SGD. In sum, this thesis is a walkthrough of the strong bounds between SGD and coastal societies' wellbeing, which provides both solid scientific evidence and robust methodological guidance on the influence of SGD on coastal societies from a social-ecological approach
Submarine groundwater discharge feedbacks on ecosystem services
No full textEls éssers humans tenen una important capacitat per modificar l’entorn en benefici propi. No obstant això, alguns canvis antropogènics han tingut conseqüències globals, provocant la degradació dels ecosistemes del planeta. Amb la finalitat d’analitzar aquestes interaccions entre persones i la natura, el marc de Serveis Ecosistèmics (SE) proposa quatre categories de serveis (Suport, Proveïment, Regulació i Culturals), que fan referència als beneficis que la societat obté de l’ús i modificació dels ecosistemes per al seu benestar. Les zones costaneres són una font fonamental de SE per a les persones, caracteritzades per ser de les zones més productives i sensibles que podem trobar. Els ecosistemes costaners, reconeguts per la seva diversitat i productivitat, depenen de la connexió hidrològica entre la terra i l’oceà regulada per processos com els rius, rierols i la Descàrrega Submarina d’Aigua subterrània (SGD de les seves sigles en anglès). Entre ells, la SGD està reconeguda com un procés hidrològic fonamental que sosté molts cicles biogeoquímics costaners i sistemes soci-ecològics. No obstant això, s’ha investigat molt poc sobre com la SGD afecta a la societat i el benestar humà. Per omplir aquest buit, aquesta tesi té com a objectiu avançar en el coneixement de la dimensió social de la SGD, contribuint a abordar la desconnexió existent entre les ciències naturals i socials en aquest camp. Amb aquesta finalitat, aquesta tesi avalua tant els impactes d’activitats antropogèniques altament contaminants en la SGD, com les implicacions socials d’aquest procés mitjançant el desenvolupament i l’aplicació del marc conceptual de SE (marc conceptual per a l’anàlisi de sistemes soci-ecològics). Els resultats d’aquesta tesi demostren com les activitats antropogèniques altament contaminants poden induir grans fluxos de metalls i nutrients dissolts en l’oceà costaner, tenint un impacte significatiu en els ecosistemes marins. Així mateix, la diversitat de subprocessos que componen la SGD juguen un paper fonamental en el control dels fluxos de soluts subministrats a l’oceà costaner. En aquesta tesi també mostren que l’alta pressió exercida sobre les zones costaneres per les activitats turístiques pot provocar alteracions en els fluxos de SGD, posant en perill els ecosistemes costaners i els serveis que proporcionen. Per poder avançar en la coneixement de les implicacions socials de la SGD, aquesta tesi desenvolupa el primer marc teòric per identificar i classificar els Serveis Ecosistèmics proporcionats per la SGD i els seus efectes en el benestar de les societats locals. Els resultats mostren que la SGD, des del seu ús com a recurs hídric fins a la seva influència cultural, està profundament arrelada en moltes societats costaneres a escala global, i els ecosistemes dependents de la SGD tenen un impacte significatiu en les comunitats locals. D’acord amb els resultats obtinguts de la percepció local de dues societats mediterrànies (Mallorca i Salento) sobre el seu ús i paper en les comunitats costaneres, s’evidencia la necessitat d’integrar dades de la literatura científica, informació disponible en la literatura grisa i coneixement local per a obtenir una comprensió completa de la dimensió cultural de la SGD. També mostren que la limitada documentació històrica sobre el SGD provoca biaixos en la recopilació de dades dels SE actuals en comparació amb el passat en les dues zones estudiades. La perspectiva interdisciplinària seguida en aquesta tesi representa un avanç en el coneixement de la SGD i aporta nous coneixements i evidències per a guiar les estratègies polítiques i de gestió en relació amb la SGD. Aquesta tesi ofereix una anàlisi detallada de l’estreta relació entre el SGD i el benestar de les comunitats costaneres, proporcionant evidència científica sòlida i una metodologia robusta per a comprendre la influència del SGD en aquestes societats des d’un enfocament socioecològic.Los seres humanos tienen una importante capacidad para modificar su entorno en beneficio propio. No obstante, algunos cambios antropogénicos han tenido consecuencias a escala global, provocando la degradación de los ecosistemas del planeta. Con el fin de analizar estas interacciones entre personas y la naturaleza, el marco de Servicios Ecosistémicos (SE) propone cuatro categorías de servicios (Apoyo, Abastecimiento, Regulación y Culturales), que hacen referencia a los beneficios que la sociedad obtiene del uso y modificación de los ecosistemas para su bienestar. Las zonas costeras son una fuente crucial de SE para las personas, caracterizadas por ser de las más productivas y sensibles que podemos encontrar. Los ecosistemas costeros, reconocidos por su diversidad y productividad, dependen de la conectividad hidrológica entre la tierra y el océano regulada por procesos como los ríos, arroyos y la Descarga Submarina de Agua subterránea (SGD de sus siglas en inglés). Entre ellos, la SGD se reconoce como un proceso hidrológico fundamental que sostiene muchos ciclos biogeoquímicos costeros y sistemas socio-ecológicos. Sin embargo, se ha investigado muy poco sobre cómo la SGD afecta a la sociedad y el bienestar humano. Para llenar este vacío, esta tesis tiene como objetivo avanzar en el entendimiento de la dimensión social de la SGD, contribuyendo a abordar la desconexión existente entre las ciencias naturales y sociales en este campo. Con este fin, esta tesis evalúa tanto los impactos de actividades antropogénicas altamente contaminantes en la SGD como las implicaciones sociales de este proceso mediante el desarrollo y la aplicación del marco conceptual de SE (marco conceptual para el análisis de sistemas socio-ecológicos) a la investigación de la SGD. Los resultados de esta tesis demuestran cómo las actividades antropogénicas altamente contaminantes pueden inducir grandes flujos de metales y nutrientes disueltos en el océano costero, teniendo un impacto significativo en los ecosistemas marinos. Además, la diversidad de subprocesos que componen la SGD juegan un papel fundamental en el control de los flujos de solutos suministrados al océano costero. La alta presión ejercida sobre las zonas costeras por las actividades turísticas puede provocar alteraciones en los flujos de SGD, poniendo en peligro los ecosistemas costeros y los servicios que proporcionan. Para poder avanzar en el conocimiento de las implicaciones sociales de la SGD, esta tesis desarrolla el primer marco teórico para identificar y clasificar los SE proporcionados por la SGD y sus efectos en el bienestar de las sociedades locales. La SGD, desde su uso como recurso hídrico hasta su influencia cultural, está profundamente arraigada en muchas sociedades costeras a escala global, y los ecosistemas dependientes de la SGD tienen un impacto significativo en las comunidades locales. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos de la percepción local de dos sociedades mediterráneas (Mallorca y Salento) sobre su uso y papel en las comunidades costeras, se evidencia la necesidad de integrar datos de la literatura científica, información disponible en la literatura gris y conocimiento local para obtener una comprensión completa de la dimensión cultural de la SGD. La limitada documentación histórica sobre el SGD provoca sesgos en la recopilación de datos de los SE actuales en comparación con el pasado en las dos zonas estudiadas. El enfoque interdisciplinario seguido en esta tesis representa un avance en el conocimiento de la SGD y aporta nuevos conocimientos y evidencias para guiar las estrategias políticas y de gestión con relación a la SGD. En conclusión, esta tesis ofrece un análisis detallado de la estrecha relación entre el SGD y el bienestar de las comunidades costeras, proporcionando evidencia científica sólida y una metodología robusta para comprender la influencia del SGD en estas sociedades desde un enfoque socioecológico.Humans have a notable ability to modify their surrounding environment for their own benefit. Nonetheless, some anthropogenic changes have led to global-scale consequences, causing the degradation of Earth’s ecosystems. To analyze these human-nature interactions, the Ecosystem Services framework poses four categories of services referred to the benefits to society of using and modifying ecosystems toward their well-being (i.e., Supporting, Provisioning, Regulating and Cultural). Coastal areas are a crucial source of ecosystem services for humans, being both productive and sensitive. Coastal ecosystems, renowned for their diversity and productivity, depend on hydrological land-ocean connectivity regulated by processes such as rivers, streams, and Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD). Among them, SGD is recognized as a fundamental hydrological process that supports many coastal biogeochemical cycles and social-ecological systems. However, very little has been investigated about how SGD affects society and human well-being. To bridge this gap of knowledge, this thesis aims to advance the understanding of the social dimension of Submarine Groundwater Discharge, contributing to address the existing disconnection between the natural and social sciences in this field. To this aim, this thesis assesses both the impacts of highly polluting anthropogenic activities on SGD and the societal implications of this process by developing and applying the Ecosystem Services framework (a socio- ecological system approach) to SGD research. The results of this thesis demonstrate how polluting anthropogenic activities can induce large fluxes of dissolved metals and nutrients into the coastal ocean, having a significant impact on coastal marine ecosystems. In addition, the diversity of pathways of SGD play a relevant role on controlling the solutes fluxes supplied into the coastal ocean. The findings of this thesis also show that the high pressure exerted on coastal areas by tourism activities can lead to alterations in SGD fluxes, thereby endangering coastal ecosystems and the services they provide. To advance the understanding of the social implications of SGD, this thesis develops the first framework for identifying and classifying the Ecosystem Services provided by SGD and their effects on the well-being of local societies. Results show that SGD, from its use as a water resource to its cultural influence, is deeply rooted in many coastal societies at a global scale, and SGD-dependent ecosystems have a significant impact on the local communities. Additionally, results from the local perceptions of two Mediterranean societies (Mallorca and Salento) towards SGD, including its uses and its role in coastal communities, highlight the necessity of integrating data from the scientific literature, together with the information available in the grey literature and local knowledge for a complete understanding of the cultural dimension of SGD. Findings also show that the limited historical documentation on SGD causes bias in reporting present ecosystem services compared to the past in the two studied areas. The interdisciplinary approach followed in this thesis represents a novelty and brings new knowledge and evidence to guide policy and management strategies regarding SGD. In sum, this thesis is a walkthrough of the strong bounds between SGD and coastal societies’ wellbeing, which provides both solid scientific evidence and robust methodological guidance on the influence of SGD on coastal societies from a social-ecological approach.Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Ciència i Tecnologia Ambiental
Conceptual uncertainties in groundwater and porewater fluxes estimated by radon and radium mass balances
No full text© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Rodellas, V., Stieglitz, T. C., Tamborski, J. J., van Beek, P., Andrisoa, A., & Cook, P. G. Conceptual uncertainties in groundwater and porewater fluxes estimated by radon and radium mass balances. Limnology and Oceanography, (2021), https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11678.Radium isotopes and radon are routinely used as tracers to quantify groundwater and porewater fluxes into coastal and freshwater systems. However, uncertainties associated with the determination of the tracer flux are often poorly addressed and often neglect all the potential errors associated with the conceptualization of the system (i.e., conceptual uncertainties). In this study, we assess the magnitude of some of the key uncertainties related to the determination of the radium and radon inputs supplied by groundwater and porewater fluxes into a waterbody (La Palme Lagoon, France). This uncertainty assessment is addressed through a single model ensemble approach, where a tracer mass balance is run multiple times with variable sets of assumptions and approaches for the key parameters determined through a sensitivity test. In particular, conceptual uncertainties linked to tracer concentration, diffusive fluxes, radon evasion to the atmosphere, and change of tracer inventory over time were considered. The magnitude of porewater fluxes is further constrained using a comparison of independent methods: (1) 224Ra and (2) 222Rn mass balances in overlying waters, (3) a model of 222Rn deficit in sediments, and (4) a fluid‐salt numerical transport model. We demonstrate that conceptual uncertainties are commonly a major source of uncertainty on the estimation of groundwater or porewater fluxes and they need to be taken into account when using tracer mass balances. In the absence of a general framework for assessing these uncertainties, this study provides a practical approach to evaluate key uncertainties associated to radon and radium mass balances.This research is a contribution to the ANR @RAction chair (ANR‐14‐ACHN‐0007‐01—T Stieglitz) and Labex OT‐Med (ANR‐11‐LABEX‐0061, part of the “Investissements d'Avenir” program through the A*MIDEX project ANR‐11‐IDEX‐0001‐02) funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska‐Curie grant 748896. V. Rodellas acknowledges financial support from the Beatriu de Pinós postdoctoral programme of the Catalan Government (2017‐BP‐00334). P. van Beek acknowledges financial support from the ANR (MED‐SGD project, ANR‐15‐CE01‐0004). We thank S. Thomas (Labex OT‐Med) for constructive comments and M. Diego‐Feliu for his help on statistical analysis. This study contributes to the work carried out by the MERS research group 2017‐SGR‐1588
Quantifying surface water, porewater, and groundwater interactions using tracers: tracer fluxes, water fluxes, and end-member concentrations
No full textTracer approaches to estimate both porewater exchange (the cycling of water between surface water and sediments, with zero net water flux) and groundwater inflow (the net flow of terrestrially derived groundwater into surface water) are commonly based on solute mass balances. However, this requires appropriate characterization of tracer end-member concentrations in exchanging or discharging water. Where either porewater exchange or groundwater inflow to surface water occur in isolation, then the water flux is easily estimated from the net tracer flux if the end-member is appropriately chosen. However, in most natural systems porewater exchange and groundwater inflow will occur concurrently. Our analysis shows that if groundwater inflow (Q(g)) and porewater exchange (Q(p)) mix completely before discharging to surface water, then the combined water flux (Q(g)+Q(p)) can be approximated by dividing the combined tracer flux by the difference between the porewater and surface water concentrations, (c(p) - c). If Q(g) and Q(p) do not mix prior to discharge, then (Q(g)+Q(p)) can only be constrained by minimum and maximum values. The minimum value is obtained by dividing the net tracer flux by the groundwater concentration, and the maximum is obtained by dividing by (c(p) - c). Dividing by the groundwater concentration gives a maximum value for Q(g). If porewater exchange and groundwater outflow occur concurrently, then dividing the net tracer flux by (c(p) - c) will provide a minimum value for Q(p). Use of multiple tracers, and spatial and temporal replication should provide a more complete picture of exchange processes and the extent of subsurface mixing
Closing the global marine Ra-226 budget reveals the biological pump as a dominant removal flux in the upper ocean
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2022. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 49(12), (2022): e2022GL098087, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL098087.Radium isotopes are powerful proxies in oceanography and hydrology. Radium mass balance models, including assessments of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), often overlook particle scavenging (PS) as a pathway for dissolved radium removal from the world ocean. Here, we build a global ocean 226Ra mass balance model and reevaluate the potential importance of PS. We find that PS is the major 226Ra sink for the upper ocean, removing about 96% of the total input from various sources. Aside from vertical exchange with the lower ocean, SGD is the largest 226Ra source into the upper ocean. The biological pump transfers particles to the deep ocean, resulting in a major but often overlooked impact on the global 226Ra marine budget. Our findings suggest that radium mass balance models should consider PS in systems with high siliceous algae production and export fluxes and long water residence times to prevent underestimation of large-scale SGD fluxes.The authors are grateful to the many researchers and funding agencies responsible for the collection of data and quality control. The authors are very grateful to Jesus Gomez-Velez of Vanderbilt University for suggesting the statistical approach for distribution expansion and helping with the coding. The authors from Ocean University of China were funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China 41876075, 42130410, and 91958214, and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities China 201962003 and 202072001. Funding for M.A.C. was provided by U.S. National Science Foundation OCE-1736277 and a WHOI-OUC Cooperative Research Initiative award. Valentí Rodellas acknowledges financial support from the Beatriu de Pinós postdoctoral programme of the Catalan Government (2019-BP-00241).2022-12-1
Ra isotopes and Rn as a tool for the water management resources : the Alberquillas aquifer (Málaga-Granada)
No full textThe aim of this project is to evaluate the importance of submarine groundwater discharge sector in order to improve the water balance in Málaga-Granada region. The approach of this study arose from the the geology and the aquifers that indicate that there could be some discharge to the sea between Maro (Málaga) and Almuñécar (Granada) and the Andalusian's Government and its Water Agence were really interested in evaluating it because there is a lot of population and few water available and the magnitude of groundwater discharge has generated controversy. Is well known that water is a scarce resource in this area and it's very important for the society and for the environment. The legislation, the water policies, the knowledge of the aquifer and the geology, the water dynamics, the land use and the water perception in the society might help the management of this resource not just in Andalusia but in all the Mediterranean basin. The main objective is to evaluate the submarine groundwater discharge from the Alberquillas Aqufier to the sea by measuring 222Rn and Ra isotopes. Specific objectives have been established to achieve the main objective: A) Reveal the importance of water resources in the Mediterranean basin; B) Learn radiometric techniques for the study of groundwater discharge to the sea; C) Learn of sampling techniques of water samples for the measurement of Ra and Rn; D) Learn the techniques for measuring Ra (RaDeCC) and Rn (RAD7); E) Interpretation and discussion of results. During this semester, and in addition of the present study in Málaga- Granada region, the author has participated in the initial phase (sampling, analysis and interpretation of preliminary results) of other research projects focused on the study of submarine groundwater discharges through the use of Ra isotopes and 222Rn. These studies have been developed in different areas, including Alt Empordà (Roses and Sant Pere Pescador), Maresme with CMIMA's group (Mediterranean Center for Marine and Environmental Research), Delta de l'Ebre, Peñíscola and Mallorca with the IMEDEA's group (Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies)
Ra isotopes and Rn as a tool for the water management resources : the Alberquillas aquifer (Málaga-Granada)
No full textThe aim of this project is to evaluate the importance of submarine groundwater discharge sector in order to improve the water balance in Málaga-Granada region. The approach of this study arose from the the geology and the aquifers that indicate that there could be some discharge to the sea between Maro (Málaga) and Almuñécar (Granada) and the Andalusian's Government and its Water Agence were really interested in evaluating it because there is a lot of population and few water available and the magnitude of groundwater discharge has generated controversy. Is well known that water is a scarce resource in this area and it's very important for the society and for the environment. The legislation, the water policies, the knowledge of the aquifer and the geology, the water dynamics, the land use and the water perception in the society might help the management of this resource not just in Andalusia but in all the Mediterranean basin. The main objective is to evaluate the submarine groundwater discharge from the Alberquillas Aqufier to the sea by measuring 222Rn and Ra isotopes. Specific objectives have been established to achieve the main objective: A) Reveal the importance of water resources in the Mediterranean basin; B) Learn radiometric techniques for the study of groundwater discharge to the sea; C) Learn of sampling techniques of water samples for the measurement of Ra and Rn; D) Learn the techniques for measuring Ra (RaDeCC) and Rn (RAD7); E) Interpretation and discussion of results. During this semester, and in addition of the present study in Málaga- Granada region, the author has participated in the initial phase (sampling, analysis and interpretation of preliminary results) of other research projects focused on the study of submarine groundwater discharges through the use of Ra isotopes and 222Rn. These studies have been developed in different areas, including Alt Empordà (Roses and Sant Pere Pescador), Maresme with CMIMA's group (Mediterranean Center for Marine and Environmental Research), Delta de l'Ebre, Peñíscola and Mallorca with the IMEDEA's group (Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies)
Quantifying groundwater discharge from different sources into a Mediterranean wetland by using Rn-222 and Ra isotopes
No full textISI Document Delivery No.: 022UG Times Cited: 5 Cited Reference Count: 38 Cited References: Ballesteros B.J., 2007, COASTAL AQUIFERS CHA, V23, P549 Beck AJ, 2007, MAR CHEM, V106, P419, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.03.008 Burnett W.C., 2001, J RADIOANAL NUCL CHE, V69, P21 Burnett WC, 2006, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V367, P498, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.05.009 Burnett WC, 2010, J HYDROL, V380, P298, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.11.005 Changnon SA, 1988, J CLIMATE, V1, P1239, DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(1988)0012.0.CO;2 Charette MA, 2007, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V52, P230 Charette MA, 2003, MAR CHEM, V84, P113, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2003.07.001 Charette MA, 2001, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V46, P465 Cook PG, 2008, J HYDROL, V354, P213, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.63.016 Corbett DR, 1997, J HYDROL, V203, P209, DOI 10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00103-0 De Stefano L., 2004, FRESHWATER TOURISM M de Weys J, 2011, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V45, P3310, DOI 10.1021/es104071r Garcia-Orellana J, 2006, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V111, DOI 10.1029/2005JD006660 Garcia-Solsona E, 2008, MAR CHEM, V109, P292, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2008.02.007 Garcia-Solsona E, 2010, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V7, P2625, DOI 10.5194/bg-7-2625-2010 Garcia-Solsona E, 2008, MAR CHEM, V109, P198, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.11.006 Hancock GJ, 1996, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V138, P145, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00218-2 Kluge T, 2007, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V11, P1621 KRABBENHOFT DP, 1990, WATER RESOUR RES, V26, P2445, DOI 10.1029/90WR01135 Macintyre S, 1995, BIOGENIC TRACE GASES, P52 Mejias M, 2008, ENVIRON GEOL, V54, P521, DOI 10.1007/s00254-007-0845-0 Mejias M., 2012, J HYDROL Moore W. S., 2000, J GEOPHYS RES, V105, P117, DOI DOI 10.1029/1999JC000289 MOORE WS, 1973, J GEOPHYS RES, V78, P8880, DOI 10.1029/JC078i036p08880 Moore WS, 1996, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V101, P1321, DOI 10.1029/95JC03139 Moore WS, 2006, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V111, DOI 10.1029/2005JC003041 PADILLA A, 1995, J HYDROL, V168, P73, DOI 10.1016/0022-1694(94)02648-U Pearce F., 1994, CONSERVATION MEDITER Rama, 1996, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V60, P4645 Sanchez-Navarro J.A., 2004, HYDROGEOL J, V12, P601, DOI 10.1007/s10040-004-0330-8 Santos IR, 2008, J HYDROL, V353, P275, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.02.010 Schmidt A, 2010, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V14, P79 SCHOT PP, 1993, J HYDROL, V141, P197, DOI 10.1016/0022-1694(93)90050-J Smith CG, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V273, P312, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.06.043 Sun Y, 1998, MAR CHEM, V62, P299, DOI 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00019-X UNSCEAR, 2000, SOURC EFF ION RAD, V1 Young MB, 2008, MAR CHEM, V109, P377, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.07.010 Rodellas, Valenti Garcia-Orellana, Jordi Garcia-Solsona, Ester Masque, Pere Antonio Dominguez, Jose Ballesteros, Bruno J. Mejias, Miguel Zarroca, Mario Rodellas, Valenti/F-3475-2013; Masque, Pere/B-7379-2008 Masque, Pere/0000-0002-1789-320X Spanish Government project EDASMAR [CGL2006-09274/HID]; Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear project [2686-SRA]; MICINN (Spain) [AP2008-03044]; Plan Nacional de I-D+i, Spain [EX2009-0651]; ICREA Academia; Generalitat de Catalunya The authors gratefully acknowledge our colleagues at the Laboratori de Radioactivitat Ambiental for their help and assistance during field work. This project has been funded partially by the Spanish Government project EDASMAR (Ref. CGL2006-09274/HID) and the Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear project 2686-SRA. V.R. acknowledges financial support through a PhD fellowship (AP2008-03044) from MICINN (Spain). Support from a post-doctoral fellowship to E.G.-S. (EX2009-0651; Plan Nacional de I-D+i 2010-2012, Spain) is acknowledged. Support for the research of P.M. was received through the prize ICREA Academia, funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya. 5 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM J HYDROLGroundwater discharge constitutes the main water inflow of many coastal wetlands. Despite the potential of Ra isotopes and Rn-222 as tracers of groundwater discharge, the use of these radionuclides to quantify the groundwater inflow in coastal wetlands has been only scarcely addressed in the literature. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the use of Rn-222 and Ra isotopes to estimate the contribution of distinct groundwater sources into a Mediterranean coastal wetland (the Peniscola marsh, Castello, Spain). The Peniscola marsh is a small shallow wetland nourished by groundwater coming from four different flowpaths: (i) a deep flow from the regional carbonate aquifer of El Maestrat, (ii) a shallow flow and (iii) an intermediate flow, both from the Irta Range and the detritic Vinaros-Peniscola aquifer, and (iv) seawater intrusion. Data on Ra-226, Rn-222 and salinity obtained in summer 2007 revealed that the deep groundwater contribution was 15% of the total water inflow, whereas the shallow and intermediate flow paths represented 32% and 48%, respectively. Seawater accounted only for the remaining 5% inputs to the wetland. Ra isotopes also allowed estimating the marsh water age in 1.2 days. Both the groundwater contributions derived from Rn-222 measurements and the Ra-derived marsh water age agreed well with the direct measurements obtained using propeller flow meters, evidencing the effectiveness of the used methods. An interannual comparison between the estimated groundwater inflow and the precipitation revealed that shallow groundwater flows respond to local precipitation, whereas the deep groundwater flow from the carbonate aquifer is dominated by a constant baseflow. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Radium mass balance sensitivity analysis for submarine groundwater discharge estimation in semi-enclosed basins: the case study of Long Island Sound
No full text© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Tamborski, J., Cochran, J. K., Bokuniewicz, H., Heilbrun, C., Garcia-Orellana, J., Rodellas, V., & Wilson, R. Radium mass balance sensitivity analysis for submarine groundwater discharge estimation in semi-enclosed basins: the case study of Long Island Sound. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 8, (2020): 108, doi:10.3389/fenvs.2020.00108.Estimation of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to semi-enclosed basins by Ra isotope mass balance is herein assessed. We evaluate 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra distributions in surface and bottom waters of Long Island Sound (CT-NY, United States) collected during spring 2009 and summer 2010. Surface water and bottom water Ra activities display an apparent seasonality, with greater activities during the summer. Long-lived Ra isotope mass balances are highly sensitive to boundary fluxes (water flux and Ra activity). Variation (50%) in the 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra offshore seawater activity results in a 63–74% change in the basin-wide 226Ra SGD flux and a 58–60% change in the 228Ra SGD flux, but only a 4–9% change in the 224Ra SGD flux. This highlights the need to accurately constrain long-lived Ra activities in the inflowing and outflowing water, as well as water fluxes across boundaries. Short-lived Ra isotope mass balances are sensitive to internal Ra fluxes, including desorption from resuspended particles and inputs from sediment diffusion and bioturbation. A 50% increase in the sediment diffusive flux of 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra results in a ∼30% decrease in the 224Ra SGD flux, but only a ∼6–10% decrease in the 226Ra and 228Ra SGD flux. When boundary mixing is uncertain, 224Ra is the preferred tracer of SGD if sediment contributions are adequately constrained. When boundary mixing is well-constrained, 226Ra and 228Ra are the preferred tracers of SGD, as sediment contributions become less important. A three-dimensional numerical model is used to constrain boundary mixing in Long Island Sound (LIS), with mean SGD fluxes of 1.2 ± 0.9 × 1013 L y–1 during spring 2009 and 3.3 ± 0.7 × 1013 L y–1 during summer 2010. The SGD flux to LIS during summer 2010 was one order of magnitude greater than the freshwater inflow from the Connecticut River. The maximum marine SGD-driven N flux is 14 ± 11 × 108 mol N y–1 and rivals the N load of the Connecticut River.This project has been funded by New York Sea Grant projects (R/CCP-16 and R/CMC-12). This research is contributing to the ICTA-UAB Unit of Excellence “María de Maeztu” (MDM-2015-0552) and MERS (2017 SGR – 1588, Generalitat de Catalunya). VR acknowledges financial support from the Beatriu de Pinós postdoctoral program of the Catalan Government (2017-BP-00334)
Submarine groundwater discharge: Natural radioactivity accumulation in a wetland ecosystem
No full textISI Document Delivery No.: 222IJ Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 70 Cited References: Al-Masri MS, 2000, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V49, P345, DOI 10.1016/S0265-931X(99)00124-1 Al-Masri MS, 2008, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V99, P322, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.08.021 BACON MP, 1976, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V32, P277, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(76)90068-6 BALISTRIERI LS, 1995, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V59, P4845, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00334-7 Beck AJ, 2010, MAR CHEM, V121, P145, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.04.003 Bhat R, 2005, J ENVIRON MONITOR, V7, P856, DOI 10.1039/b506116d Bochicchio F, 2008, APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES, V66, P1561, DOI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2007.11.019 Boehm AB, 2004, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V38, P3558, DOI 10.1021/es035385a BROWN JE, 2010, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V102, P430 Burnett WC, 2003, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V69, P21, DOI 10.1016/S0265-931X(03)00084-5 Cable JE, 1996, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V144, P591, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00173-2 Cai WJ, 2003, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V67, 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Ester Vilarrasa, Marta Moreno, Victoria Garcia-Solsona, Ester Masque, Pere Masque, Pere/B-7379-2008 Masque, Pere/0000-0002-1789-320X Spanish Government project EDASMAR [CGL2006-09274/HID]; Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear project [2686-SRA]; MICINN (Spain) [AP2008-03044]; ICREA Academia; Generalitat de Catalunya The authors would like to thank the assistance in field and laboratory work from our colleagues at the Laboratori de Radioactivitat Ambiental (Universitat de Barcelona). This project has been funded partially by the Spanish Government project EDASMAR (Ref. CGL2006-09274/HID) and the Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear project (Ref. 2686-SRA). V.R. acknowledges financial support through a PhD fellowship (AP2008-03044) from MICINN (Spain). Support for the research of PM was received through the prize ICREA Academia, funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya. We also want to thank the collaboration of Anna Cherta, Maribel Forner (Hotel Marina), Camping Eden, FACSA, School "Jaume Sainz" and the Peniscola Municipality. We want also to thank Gerard Carmona and Lluis Benejam for their support during fish sampling. 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM MAR CHEM SISubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has attracted the interest from the scientific community over the past decade for its impact on biogeochemical cycles of coastal ecosystems and/or management of water resources. SGD is associated with a flow of natural radionuclides (Ra isotopes and Rn-222), which are often used as SGD tracers that can significantly increase the natural background radiation. Although in many circumstances the discharge is produced directly to the sea and therefore the increase of natural radioactivity levels can generally be considered negligible due to a dilution processes, the discharge into coastal wetlands (marshes, coastal lagoons or ponds), with somewhat restricted exchange with the open sea, may require a detailed study of the distribution of natural radionuclides and their effects on the coastal ecosystem. The Peniscola marsh is a Mediterranean coastal wetland where such studies may be of special interest because it is fed exclusively by groundwater, mainly discharging from a deep aquifer with high natural radioactivity content. In the Peniscola marsh, brackish groundwater discharging through the wetland sediments is enriched in radionuclides to maximum values of 2.8 and 616 kBq m(-3) of Ra-226 and Rn-222, respectively. These high dissolved concentrations result in high levels of Rn-222 in air (up to 36 Bq m(-3)) and Pb-210 and Po-210 dissolved in water (20 and 5.7 Bq m(-3), respectively). These elevated levels of natural radionuclides in the Peniscola marsh are also responsible of the significant increase in Po-210 and Pb-210 contents in both fish and plants. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
