337 research outputs found
RUKYATUL HILAL INSTRUMENT DESIGN BASED ON ARDUINO
No full textArduino is a Microcontroller platform consisting of a computer chip that is used to control electronic equipment that is flexible and easy to use. In this modern era, the implementation of Rukyatul Hilal can be done using instruments such as Hilal locater, telescope and theodolite. However, these tools are quite expensive and have a fairly heavy load and require long time to prepare. Therefore, this research provides breakthroughs and new innovations in designing the Rukyatul Hilal Instrument based on Arduino. The research uses the Research and Development model type of research, the development model that the researcher will do is to develop an Arduino Microcontroller so that it can be used as a Rukyatul Hilal Instrument. Based on 4 observations of the Moon, The Arduino-based Rukyatul Hilal instrument can successfully show the position of the Moon and verify the data used by the author is correct and the author can also photograph the image of the Moon clearly using a smartphone. However, it should be noted that the position of the Moon when viewed from the Arduino-based Rukyatul Hilal Instrument telescope is not in the middle of the telescope, but sometimes at the bottom, side and top
Impact of Nanotopography And/Or Functional Groups on Periodontal Ligament Cell Growth
No full textTurkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541The main purpose of this contribution was to obtain COOH functionalities and/or nanotopographic changes on the surface of 3D, non-woven polyester fabric (NWPF) discs (12.5 mm in diameter) by using low pressure water/O-2 plasma assisted treatments. The prepared discs were characterized by various methods after the plasma treatment. Periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts were used in cell culture studies. The cell culture results showed that plasma treated 3D NWPF discs are favorable for PDL cell spreading, growth and viability due to the presence of functional groups and/or the nanotopography of their surfaces
Novel Hybrid Scaffolds for the Cultivation of Osteoblast Cells
No full textTurkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541In this study, natural biodegradable polysaccharide, chitosan, and synthetic biodegradable polymer, poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) were used to prepare 3D, hybrid polymeric tissue scaffolds (PCL/chitosan blend and PCL/chitosan/PCL layer by layer scaffolds) by using the electrospinning technique. The hybrid scaffolds were developed through HA addition to accelerate osteoblast cell growth. Characteristic examinations of the scaffolds were performed by micrometer, SEM, contact angle measurement system, ATR-FTIR, tensile machine and swelling experiments. The thickness of all electrospun scaffolds was determined in the range of 0.010 +/- 0.001-0.012 +/- 0.002 mm. In order to optimize electrospinning processes, suitable bead-free and uniform scaffolds were selected by using SEM images. Blending of PCL with chitosan resulted in better hydrophilicity for the PCL/chitosan scaffolds. The characteristic peaks of PCL and chitosan in the blend and layer by layer nanofibers were observed. The PCL/chitosan/PCL layer by layer structure had higher elastic modulus and tensile strength values than both individual PCL and chitosan structures. The layer by layer scaffolds exhibited the PBS absorption values of 184.2; 197.2% which were higher than those of PCL scaffolds but lower than those of PCL/chitosan blend scaffolds. SaOs-2 osteosarcoma cell culture studies showed that the highest ALP activities belonged to novel PCL/chitosan/PCL layer by layer scaffolds meaning better cell differentiation on the surfaces. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Turkish Academy of Science (TUBA) L'Oreal; L'OrealThe author is greatly thankful to Turkish Academy of Science (TUBA) & L'Oreal for honoring this study with the award "Young Women in Science" in Materials Science in 2009. Her special thanks also go to L'Oreal for the precious financial support. The author also appreciates the invaluable contribution of AWAC (Academic Writing Advisory Center) to this study in linguistic terms
Hybrid Polymeric Scaffolds Prepared by Micro and Macro Approaches
No full textTurkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541; Ozkan, Ozan/0000-0002-9050-1583Polymeric scaffolds with complex porous structures were fabricated with two different polymers by combining three fabrication methods in three steps, in which, nonwoven poly(e-caprolactone) microfibers were obtained with electrospinning and immersed in solvent cast chitosan solution poured in Petri dish to fabricate hybrid polymers, and finally the combined structure was freeze-dried with two different predrying techniques to obtain macropores in the structure. The resulting hybrid polymeric mats were found to have both microfibers and macroporosity due to the electrospinning as well as freeze-drying processes, which resemble the natural extracellular matrix. The optimized scaffolds that predried in the incubator at 40 degrees C for 5 h and then freeze-dried for 24 h exhibited contact angle value of 68.93 +/- 2.18 degrees with 3.252 +/- 0.783 MPa Young's modulus and 0.260 +/- 0.002 MPa yield strength as well as 1.35-fold cell yield in MRC5 fibroblast cell culture, compared to the commercial tissue culture polystyrene. [GRAPHICS]
Functionalization of Nonwoven Pet Fabrics by Water/O<sub>2< Plasma for Biomolecule Mediated Cell Cultivation
No full textTurkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541The main target of this study was to obtain COOH functionalities on the surface of 3D, nonwoven polyethylene terephthalate fabrics (NWPFs) by using low pressure water/O-2 plasma assisted treatment. The plasma treatments were performed in a cylindrical, capacitively coupled RF-plasma-reactor and then following steps were performed: in situ (oxalyl chloride vapors) gas/solid reaction to convert -OH functionalities into COCl groups; and hydrolysis under open laboratory conditions using air moisture for final-COOH functionalities. COOH and OH functionalities on the surfaces were detected quantitatively by fluorescent labeling techniques. The COOH-functionalized samples were biologically activated with insulin or heparin molecules by using spacer polyoxyethylene bis-amine (PEO). Successful immobilization was checked qualitatively using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The average amount of immobilized insulin and heparin onto NWPF surfaces were determined as 146.09 and 4.81 nmol.cm(-2), respectively. Our results showed that water/O-2 plasma assisted treatment worked very well for functionalization and biofunctionalization of 3D NWPF disks comparing with wet-chemistry methods. Cell culture experiments indicated that functionalization of NWPF disks and/or nanotopographies on the disk surfaces were effective on adhesion and proliferation of L929 mouse fibroblasts
Antibacterial Performance of Pcl-Chitosan Core-Shell Scaffolds
No full textOzkan, Ozan/0000-0002-9050-1583; Turkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541In this study, antibacterial performance of the coaxially electrospun Poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL)-chitosan core-shell scaffolds developed, optimized and identified physically and chemically in our previous study, were evaluated for the suitability in wound healing applications. The aim of utilizing a core-shell fibrous scaffold with PCL as core and chitosan as shell was to combine natural biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial properties of chitosan with mechanical properties and resistance to enzymatic degradation of PCL. The scaffolds were prepared with the optimized parameters, obtained from our previous study. Thickness and contact angle measurements as well as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed repeated fabrication of PCL-chitosan core-shell scaffolds. In this study, assays specific to wound dressing materials, such as water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), in vitro degradability and antibacterial tests were carried out. WVTR value of PCL-chitosan core-shell scaffolds was higher (2315 +/- 3.4 g/m(2).day) compared to single PCL scaffolds (1654 +/- 3.2 g/m(2).day) due to the higher inter-fiber pore size. Additionally, in vitro degradability assays showed that the susceptibility of chitosan to enzymatic degradation can be significantly improved by hybridization with more resistant PCL while still keeping the scaffold to be considered as biodegradable. Finally, inhibition ratio and inhibition zone measurements showed that the PCL-chitosan core-shell polymeric scaffolds had significant antibacterial performance (52.860 +/- 2.298% and 49.333 +/- 0.719% inhibition ratios; 13.975 +/- 0.124 mm and 12.117 +/- 0.133 mm clear inhibition zones, against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively), close to the native chitosan. Therefore, the developed scaffolds can be considered as suitable candidates for biodegradable wound dressing applications.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [114M872]The authors would like to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for the scientific and financial support (Project No: 114M872). The authors would also like to acknowledge the contribution of AWAC (Academic Writing Advisory Center) of Atilim University to this study in linguistic terms. The material and its fabrication procedures are patent pending (Turkish Patent Institute, Application No: 2015/17118)
Physical and Biological Characteristics of Electrospun Poly (vinyl Alcohol) and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Structure
No full textTurkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541The fabrication of graphene-based nanocomposites has been a topic of increasing interest due to graphene's exceptional physical properties and the ability to enhance the properties of various polymeric materials. Evaluating the biocompatibility of these nanocomposites is crucial to ensure their safe and effective use in biomedical applications. This study characterized and assessed the biocompatibility of previously fabricated electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/reduced graphene oxide rGO fibrous structures by conducting a comprehensive assessment of their physical and biological characteristics. Contact angle measurements revealed that adding rGO to electrospun PVA fibers enhanced the surface wettability, improving the fibrous structure's PBS absorption capacity and degradation behavior. Including the rGO content resulted in a higher water vapor transmission rate, reaching similar to 48 g/m2day for PVA + 0.5 wt.% rGO and similar to 45 g/m2day for PVA + 1.0 wt.% rGO, compared to similar to 40 g/m2day for electrospun PVA fibers. Cell culture studies, including MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity analysis, alizarin red staining, fluorescence microscopy, and SEM analyses, demonstrated that electrospun PVA + 1.0 wt.% rGO nanocomposites exhibited superior cell viability, proliferation, and growth compared to other samples, due to the improved physical properties of the PVA + 1.0 wt.% rGO fibrous structure.FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia; University of Beira Interior - FCT [CEECINST/00016/2021/CP2828/CT0007]Veera Bhadraiah Sadhu acknowledges FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia and the University of Beira Interior for the research contract CEECINST/00016/2021/CP2828/CT0007 under the scope of the CEEC Institutional 2021, funded by FCT.Science Citation Index Expande
Development of Electrospun We43 Magnesium Alloy-Like Compound
No full textOzkan, Ozan/0000-0002-9050-1583; Turkoglu Sasmazel, Hilal/0000-0002-0254-4541Metallic structures are conventionally fabricated with high temperature/deformation processes resulting the smallest possible microscopic structures in the order of several hundreds of micrometer. Therefore, to obtain structures with fibers smaller than 100 Am, those are unsuitable. In this study, electrospinning, a fiber fabrication technique commonly used for polymers, was adopted to fabricate a WE43 magnesium alloy-like fibrous structure. The aim is to adopt metallic WE43 alloy to regenerative medicine using tissue engineering approach by mimicking its composition inside of a fibrous structure. The solution required for electrospinning was obtained with water soluble nitrates of elements in WE43 alloy, and PVP or PVA were added to obtain a spinnable viscosity which was pyrolised away during heat treatment. Electrospinning parameters were optimized with naked-eye observations and SEM as 1.5 g salts and 5 wt.% PVA containing solution prepared at 90 degrees C and electrospun under 30 kV from a distance of 12-15 cm with a feeding rate of 5 mu l/min. Then the samples were subjected to a multi-step heat treatment under argon to remove the polymer and calcinate the nitrates into oxides which was designed based on thermal analyses and reaction kinetics calculations as 6 h at 230 degrees C, 8.5 h at 390 degrees C, 5 h at 465 degrees C, 80 h at 500 degrees C and 10 h at 505 degrees C, consecutively. The characterizations conducted in terms of structure, composition and crystallinity with XRD, XPS, EDX and SEM showed that it is possible to obtain MgaYbNdcZrdOx), (empirical) fibers with the same composition as WE43 in sub-millimeter sizes using this approach.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [117M177]The authors would like to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for the scientific and financial support (Project No: 117M177). The authors would also like to acknowledge the contribution of AWAC (Academic Writing Advisory Center) of Atilim University to this study in linguistic terms
HUKUM ASTROFOTOGRAFI DALAM RUKYATUL HILAL PENDEKATAN FIKIH KONTEMPORER
No full textThe main problem of this research is how is the law of astrophotography in rukyatul hilal using the contemporary fiqh approach? The main problem is then broken down into several sub-problems or research questions, namely: 1) What is the mechanism of Astrophotography in Rukyatul hilal?, 2) What are the views of classical and contemporary Ulama in Rukyatul Hilal. This type of research is classified as qualitative. The author specifically uses a sharia and astronomical approach. The data sources used are: primary data comes directly from data sources that are collected and related to the object of research while secondary data comes from scientific works related to the object of the problem being studied, to analyze the data used qualitative analysis techniques. The results of this study show differences of opinion regarding the views of classical and contemporary scholars. The views of classical scholars in the mazhab of fiqh such as the Syafi'i school of thought, for example Imam Nawawi in Al-Majmu' emphasized that Rukyatul Hilal is done with the eyes, not through or other tools. In the Syafi'i school of thought, one just person is enough to state that he has seen the hilal to determine the beginning of the Hijri month. The views of contemporary scholars such as Ahmad Rofiq added that Rukyatul Hilal is an instrument to implement the command to see the hilal based on the rukyat hadith. In order for someone to see the hilal, binoculars or other technology are used to reduce obstacles or difficulties. The implications of this study are that every study is expected to contribute to the problems studied and can be recommended to related parties for development. The presence of this article is expected to the government to provide a container or study related to the law of astrophotography in rukyatul hilal with a contemporary fiqh approach. In addition, it is expected that the full role of the younger generation will continue to study various fiqh studies related to matters related to worship.
 
Akuitas mata dalam kriteria visibilitas hilal
No full textTingkat Akuitas (ketajaman) mata manusia dalam melihat sebuah objek berbeda-beda. Hal ini berdampak pada tingkat keberhasilan perukyat dalam rukyatul hilal. Judhistira AU dan Binta menerapkan faktor akuitas ini ke dalam visibilitas hilal Kastner. Faktor tersebut dipakai sebagai klaim atas kasus pengamatan hilal yang tak terbantahkan. Hal ini merupakan corak pemikiran baru, terutama bagi perkembangan pemahaman visibilitas hilal di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini penulis ingin mengetahui beberapa hal yaitu: 1) Bagaimana teori akuitas mata dalam visibilitas hilal? 2) Mengapa akuitas mata jarang dipakai dalam perumusan kriteria visibilitas hilal?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data diambil dengan teknik dokumentasi, wawancara dan observasi. Sementara untuk analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif, eksplanatif dan komparatif.
Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Modifikasi yang dilakukan oleh Judhistira AU dan Binta dalam visibilitas Kastner secara umum telah sesuai dengan ilmu Astronomi dan Fisika Optik, meskipun ada beberapa koreksi yang tidak diterapkan karena keterbatasan alat dan teknologi seperti glare, penglihatan warna, adaptasi gelap terang, bentuk dan durasi melihat. 2) Kriteria visibilitas hilal yang ada selama ini bersifat global dan memang diterapkan untuk tujuan terciptanya kalender global tunggal, namun sayangnya harus mengabaikan faktor-faktor ilmiah seperti akuitas mata, karena secara ilmiah memang tidak ada kriteria yang dapat berlaku secara global. Dengan observasi sederhana penulis juga telah memperoleh kriteria visibilitas hilal untuk akuitas mata normal dalam bentuk parameter fisis (ARCV, ARCL, Umur, Lag Time, Lebar Hilal, dan DAz). Kriteria ini bersifat dinamis dan masih dapat berubah sesuai dengan jumlah data pengamatan, dan secara keilmuan, kriteria ini seharusnya dapat diterima karena telah sesuai dengan beberapa kriteria yang ada.
ABSTRACT
The sharpness level of the human’s eye in seeing an object are varies, and will impact on the success rate in observation. Judhistira AU and Binta have modified the Kastner’s visibility with eye’s acuity factor. This factor is used as a claim for a controversial case of observation. This is a new thinking, especially for the development of understanding of crescent’s visibility in Indonesia. In this study the authors research: 1) How the theory of eye’s acuity in crescent’s visibility applied? 2) Why eye’s acuity is rarely used in the formulation criteria of crescent’s visibility?. The type of this research is a qualitative research with case study approach. Data were taken with documentation, interview and observation techniques. While for data analysis use descriptive, explanative and comparative method.
The results of this study indicate that: 1) The modifications made by Judhistira AU and Binta in Kastner's visibility are generally consistent with Astronomy and Optical Physics term, although some corrections are not applied due to the limitations of tools and technologies such as glare, color vision, adaptation, object’s shape and duration of view. 2) The existing criteria of crescent’s visibility is a global criteria, and is applied for the purpose of creating a single global calendar, but unfortunately it ignores scientific factors such as eye’s acuity, because there is no criteria that can apply globally. With a simple observation the author has also formulated the crescent’s visibility criteria for normal eye’s acuity in the form of physical parameters (ARCV, ARCL, Age, Lag Time, Crescent’s Width, and DAz). This criterion is dynamic and can still change according to the amount of observational data, and scientifically, this criterion should be acceptable because it is in accordance with several criteria
- …
