46,612 research outputs found
The hierarchical build-up of the Tully-Fisher relation
No full textWe use the semi-analytic model GalICS to predict the Tully-Fisher relation in the B, I and for the first time, in the K band, and its evolution with redshift, up to z~1. We refined the determination of the disk galaxies rotation velocity, with a dynamical recipe for the rotation curve, rather than a simple conversion from the total mass to maximum velocity. The new recipe takes into account the disk shape factor, and the angular momentum transfer occurring during secular evolution leading to the formation of bulges. This produces model rotation velocities that are lower by ~20-25% for the majority of the spirals. We implemented stellar population models with a complete treatment of the TP-AGB, which leads to a revision of the mass-to-light ratio in the near-IR. I/K band luminosities increase by ~0.3/0.5 mags at redshift z=0 and by ~0.5/1 mags at z=3. With these two new recipes in place, the comparison between the predicted Tully-Fisher relation with a series of datasets in the optical and near-IR, at redshifts between 0 and 1, is used as a diagnostics of the assembly and evolution of spiral galaxies in the model. At 0.
Evolution of the G+C content frontier in the rat cytomegalovirus genome
No full textWithin the 230138 bp of the rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) genome, the G+C content changes abruptly at position 142644, constituting a G+C content frontier. To the left of this point, overall G+C content is 69.2%, and to the right it is only 47.6%. A region of extremely low G+C content (33.8%) is found in the 5 kb immediately to the right of the frontier, in which there are no predicted coding sequences. To the right of position 147501, the G+C content rises and predicted coding sequences reappear. However, these genes are much shorter (average 848bp, 50% G+C) than those in the left two-thirds of the genome (average 1462bp, 70% G+C). Whole genome alignment of several viruses indicates that the initial ultra-low G+C region appeared in the common ancestor of the genera Cytomegalovirus and Muromegalovirus, and that the lowering of G+C in the right third has been a subsequent process in the lineage leading to RCMV. The left two-thirds of RCMV has stop codon occurrences at 67.5% of their expected level, based on a modified Markov chain model of stop codon distribution, and the corresponding figure for the right third is 78%. Therefore, despite heavy mutation pressure, selective constraint has operated in the right third of the RCMV genome to maintain a degree of gene length unusual for such low G+C sequences
Pre-clearing vegetation of the coastal lowlands of the Wet Tropics Bioregion, North Queensland
No full textA pre-clearing vegetation map and digital coverage at approximately 1:50 000 scale for the coastal lowlands (up to about 200 m elevation) of the Wet Tropics Bioregion, North Queensland is presented. The study area covers about 508 000 ha from Cooktown, 420 km south almost to Townsville (latitude 15° 30’–18° 20’ longitude 144° 50’–146° 40’). Data sources included historical aerial photography, early surveyors’ plans, explorers’ journals, previous vegetation maps, and maps of soils and geology. The pre-clearing mapping was built around the remnant vegetation mapping of Stanton & Stanton (2005), and the vegetation classification of this latter work was adopted. Vegetation units were further classified into regional ecosystems compatible with the standard State-wide system used by Queensland government. The digital coverage is part of the current Queensland Herbarium regional ecosystem coverage (Queensland Herbarium and Wet Tropics Management Authority 2005). Coloured maps (1:100 000 scale) of the pre-clearing vegetation of the Herbert, Tully, Innisfail and Macalister/Daintree subregions are on an accompanying CD-ROM. An evaluation of vegetation loss through clearing on the coastal lowlands of the Wet Tropics revealed several nearextinct vegetation communities and regional ecosystems, and many others that are drastically reduced in area. Even ecosystems occurring on poorly drained lands have suffered a surprisingly high level of loss due to the effectiveness of drainage operations. Grassland ecosystems were found to be widespread on the Herbert and Tully floodplains, but are now close to extinction. The lowlands vegetation of the Wet Tropics that remains today continues to be fragmented and degraded despite the introduction of State-wide broad-scale tree-clearing laws in 1999, and the cessation of broadscale tree-clearing in December 2006
A New Kind of Europe? Democratic Integration in the European Union
No full textThe most urgent problem facing the European Union is to develop the best approach to conflicts over integration in the fields of culture, economics and foreign policy. The paper argues that a particular form of democratic integration is better than the two predominant approaches. This approach draws on the actual practices of the democratic negotiation of integration that citizens engage in on a daily basis but which tend to be overlooked and overridden in the dominant approaches.economics; democracy; law; diversity/homogeneity
Understanding carnivore killing behaviour: Exploring the motivations for tiger killing in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh
No full textThis paper explores village-based tiger killing (TK) among communities bordering the Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh. We find that TKs are not purely retaliatory in nature (i.e. a desire for retribution following livestock depredation or attacks on humans by tigers) and that previous negative experience of tigers is not the sole determinant of villagers’ acceptance of TK behaviour. Inter-related social-psychological factors (risk perceptions, beliefs about tigers, tolerance for tigers), institutional failings (i.e. of the institutions villagers perceive to be responsible for resolving village tiger incidents), perceived personal rewards (financial rewards, enhanced social status, medicinal or protective value of tiger body parts), and contextual factors (the severity of a village tiger incident) motivate people to kill tigers when they enter villages and foster the widespread acceptance of this behaviour. Knowledge of these motivational factors can be used to develop conservation actions suitable for developing both communities’ capacity and, crucially, desire to co-exist with tigers and to respond with non-lethal action to village tiger incidents
Erratum to: Effect of moderate red wine intake on cardiac prognosis after recent acute myocardial infarction of subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Diabetic Medicine, (2006), 23, 9, (974-981), 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01886.x)
No full textIn an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola.In an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
The tully-fisher relation in nearby clusters
No full textIn this thesis are presented the Tully-fisher (TF) relations for a sample of 99 galaxies within the four nearby dusters; Coma, Abell 2199. Abell 2634 and Abell 194. Each cluster was compromised of two samples. The first sample was drawn from either Zwicky or UGC catalogues based on a combination of magnitude, type and ellipticity. These provided spiral duster member candidates over the entire duster region to a magnitude limit of 16 in the b-band. The second sample was selected from published photographic plate scans of the central areas of each duster. This sample had a fainter magnitude limit of 18 b-band mags but covered a much smaller area (approx. 2ºx2º). The galaxies were observed over two observing runs in May and August of 1993 on the JKT and INT Isaac Newton Group Telescopes simultaneously. I-band CCD images and optical long-slit spectra were taken of 65% of the sdected objects. Isophotal ellipse fitting of the images was used to produce surface brightness profiles. From these, isophotal magnitudes and diameters woe extracted. From, consideration of the surface brightness, ellipticity and position angle a "disk region" of each profile was selected and used to calculate extrapolated total magnitudes. Gaussian fitting of Ha emission lines of the long-split spectra produced optical rotation curves for each galaxy. Maximum rotation velocities were calculated from these curves. Corrections found in the literature were applied to the total magnitude and rotation velocity of each galaxy. These compensated for internal dust extinction and the inclination of the disk to the line-of sight. Numerical simulations of the fitting procedures demonstrated that an inverse regression of log-rotation velocity on magnitude provided a fit tothe relationship free from selection bias. Residuals around this fit woe used to choose forms of the corrections that produced the minimum scatter. A fullerror budget was compiled and an error weighted fit to the data yielded relationships with a mean scatter of 0.35 mags rms. A combination of all sources of measurement error, considering inter-correlation, produced a value of 027 mags rms, as an estimate of the contribution to the scatter. It was shown that uncertain cluster membership was not a significant source of scatter. In addition, the "expanding duster" model correction suggested in the literature did not significantly reduce the scatter. The most important source of scatter in the relationship was found to be the symmetry and extent of rotation curves used. A significant correlation was shown to exist between rotation curve extent in terms of disk scale lengths and the TF fit residuals. When only the highest quality data were used, the typical scatter was reduced to 020 mags rms. Consideration of the remaining measurement errors produced an upper limit of 0.12 mags rms for the intrinsic scatter within the TF relation. Monte-Carlo modelling indicated that the observed difference in TF slope between the Coma and Abell 2634 samples was significant, The possibility that this difference is the result of systematic errors in the dataset was ruled out It is concluded that the change in gradients is due to real variations in the underlying slope influenced by differences in duster environment
Mrs. Tully J. Petty Junior, Mrs. Julian Read, Mrs. T. G. McAllister, Mrs. J. Roby Penn Junior, and Mrs. Jack Elliston, at the Fort Worth Art Association
No full textMrs. Tully J. Petty Junior (in foreground), chairman of special entertainment with (left to right) Mrs. Julian Read, publicity co-chairman; Mrs. T. G. McAllister, telephone; Mrs. J. Roby Penn Junior, refreshments; and Mrs. Jack Elliston, who with Mrs. C. Dickie Williamson, is general co-chairman of the art ball committee. The women are photographed with a board with various photos that will be displayed in the bazar section of the fiesta. Fort Worth Star-Telegram Morning edition April 29, 1962.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1960s/1788/thumbnail.jp
Acute Ethanol Administration Rapidly Increases Phosphorylation of Conventional Protein Kinase C in Specific Mammalian Brain Regions in Vivo
No full textBackground
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of isoenzymes that regulate a variety of functions in the central nervous system including neurotransmitter release, ion channel activity, and cell differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that specific isoforms of PKC influence a variety of behavioral, biochemical, and physiological effects of ethanol in mammals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute ethanol exposure alters phosphorylation of conventional PKC isoforms at a threonine 674 (p-cPKC) site in the hydrophobic domain of the kinase, which is required for its catalytic activity.
Methods
Male rats were administered a dose range of ethanol (0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g/kg, intragastric) and brain tissue was removed 10 minutes later for evaluation of changes in p-cPKC expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.
Results
Immunohistochemical data show that the highest dose of ethanol (2 g/kg) rapidly increases p-cPKC immunoreactivity specifically in the nucleus accumbens (core and shell), lateral septum, and hippocampus (CA3 and dentate gyrus). Western blot analysis further showed that ethanol (2 g/kg) increased p-cPKC expression in the P2 membrane fraction of tissue from the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus. Although p-cPKC was expressed in numerous other brain regions, including the caudate nucleus, amygdala, and cortex, no changes were observed in response to acute ethanol. Total PKC? immunoreactivity was surveyed throughout the brain and showed no change following acute ethanol injection
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