32 research outputs found
Surgical and Oncological Updates in the Management of Gastric Cancer: the Role of Neoadjuvant Therapy and Minimally Invasive Surgery
No full textArmament and Society in the Mirror of the Avar Archaelogy The Transdanubia-Phenomenon Revisited
No full textOne of the most significant problems of the A var archaeology is the question of
Germanic (mainly Gepidic) continuity in Transdanubia. In my paper I would like to
make some comments on the so-called Transdanubia-phenomenon of the Early A var
Carpathian Basin based on the analysis of weapon-combinations found in six
cemeteries of Eastern Transdanubia. I intend to answer the following questions: I.
How far the weapon-combinations of the East-Transdanubian cemeteries of the early
Avar Period (568-650) are identical or similar to the general picture of Avar armament
drawn by contemporary cemeteries? 2. Are the weapon-combinations or armament of
these cemeteries similar to that of the earlier Gepidic and Langobardic sites from the
early 6th centuries or to the contemporary Germanic (Alemannic, Frank or Bavarian)
cemeteries of the present-day Germany?
As a result, the early A var cemeteries of Transdanubia are characterized by the
relatively high number of close-combat weapons compared to other sites of the Avar
Khaganate. However, comparing to Merovingian sites the burials containing only
close-combat weapons are very low and in most of the cases the weapon-combinations
characteristic to this culture is missing
Application of a topographic pedosequence in the Villány Hills for terroir characterization
No full textTerroir refers to the geographical origin of wines. The landscape factors (topography, parent rock, soil, microbial
life, climate, natural vegetation) are coupled with cultural factors (cultivation history and technology, cultivars
and rootstock) and all together define a terroir. The physical factors can be well visualized by a slope profile
developed into a pedosequence showing the regular configuration of the relevant physical factors for a wine
district. In the present study the generalized topographic pedosequence (or catena) and GIS spatial model of
the Villány Hills, a historical wine producing region, serves for the spatial representation and characterization
of terroir types. A survey of properties of Cabernet Franc grape juice allowed the comparison of 10 vineyards in
the Villány Wine District, Southwest Hungary. Five grape juice properties (FAN, NH3, YAN, density and glucose
+ fructose content) have been found to have a moderate linear relationship (0.5 < r2 < 0.7) with the Huglin Index
(HI) and aspect. Aspect, when determined on the basis of angular distance from South (180°), showed a strong
correlation (r2 > 0.7) with FAN, NH3, YAN, sugar and density and moderate correlation with primary amino
nitrogen (PAN). HI showed a correlation with three nitrogen related parameters FAN, NH3, YAN, density and
glucose + fructose content. Elevation and slope, however, did not correlate with any of the chemical properties
SOBRE LA CONCEPCIÓN DE LA MUERTE EN LA FILOSOFÍA DE NIETZSCHE
No full textThis paper deals with the problem of death in Nietzsche's thought. In his program concerning the revaluation of all values death plays a fundamental role. First the author analyzes Nietzsche's critical attitude towards death in connection with Socrates and St. Paul who were the founders of the so-called «metaphysical concept» of death in the European culture. After it the author tries to outline the positive doctrine of Nietzsche's view on death. The final conclusion is that death is, in the last analysis, a hermeneutical question in Nietzsche's philosophy.El presente trabajo trata del problema de la muerte en el pensamiento de Nietzsche. En su programa con respecto a la transvaloración de todos los valores de la muerte desempeña un papel fundamental. Primero, se analiza la actitud crítica de Nietzsche a propósito de la muerte en relación de Sócrates y San Pablo que fueron los fundadores del llamado «concepto metafísico de la muerte» en la cultura europea. Después se intenta esbozar la doctrina positiva de Nietzsche sobre la muerte. La conclusión final es que la muerte es, a fin de cuentas, una pregunta hermenéutica en la filosofía de Nietzsche
Lifespan developmental invariance in memory consolidation: evidence from procedural memory
No full textCharacterizing ontogenetic changes across the lifespan is a crucial tool in understanding neurocognitive functions. While age-related changes in learning and memory functions have been extensively characterized in the past decades, the lifespan trajectory of memory consolidation, a critical function that supports the stabilization and long-term retention of memories, is still poorly understood. Here we focus on this fundamental cognitive function and probe the consolidation of procedural memories that underlie cognitive, motor, and social skills and automatic behaviors. We used a lifespan approach: 255 participants aged between 7 and 76 years performed a well-established procedural memory task in the same experimental design across the whole sample. This task enabled us to disentangle two critical processes in the procedural domain: statistical learning and general skill learning. The former is the ability to extract and learn predictable patterns of the environment, while the latter captures a general speed-up as learning progresses due to improved visuomotor coordination and other cognitive processes, independent of acquisition of the predictable patterns. To measure the consolidation of statistical and general skill knowledge, the task was administered in two sessions with a 24-h delay between them. Here, we report successful retention of statistical knowledge with no differences across age groups. For general skill knowledge, offline improvement was observed over the delay period, and the degree of this improvement was also comparable across the age groups. Overall, our findings reveal age invariance in these two key aspects of procedural memory consolidation across the human lifespan
Twenty Years of Experience with the Preoperative Diagnosis of Medullary Cancer in a Moderately Iodine-Deficient Region
No full textBackground. There is a current debate in the medical literature about plasma calcitonin screening in patients with nodular goiter (NG). We decided on analyzing our 20-year experience with patients in an iodine-deficient region (ID). Patients and Methods. 22,857 consecutive patients with NG underwent ultrasonography and aspiration cytology (FNAC). If FNAC raised suspicion of medullary cancer (MTC), the serum calcitonin was measured. Results. 4,601 patients underwent surgery; there were 23 patients among them who had MTC (0.1% prevalence). Significantly more MTC cases were diagnosed cytologically in the second decade than in the first: 11/12 and 6/11, respectively. The frozen section was of help in 2 cases out of 3. Two patients suffered from a 3-year delay in proper therapy, and reoperation was necessary in 1 case. FNAC raised the suspicion of MTC in 20 cases that were later histologically verified and did not present MTC. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in diagnosing MTC was 99.2%. Two false-positive serum calcitonin tests (one of them in a hemodialyzed patient) and one false-negative serum calcitonin test occurred in 40 cases. Conclusion. Regarding the low prevalence of MTC in ID regions, calcitonin screening of all NG patients does not only appear superfluously but may have more disadvantages than advantages
Statistical and sequence learning lead to persistent memory in children after a one-year offline period
No full textAbstract Extraction of environmental patterns underlies human learning throughout the lifespan and plays a crucial role not only in cognitive but also perceptual, motor, and social skills. At least two types of regularities contribute to acquiring skills: (1) statistical, probability-based regularities, and (2) serial order-based regularities. Memory performance of probability-based and/or serial order-based regularities over short periods (from minutes to weeks) has been widely investigated across the lifespan. However, long-term (months or year-long) memory performance of such knowledge has received relatively less attention and has not been assessed in children yet. Here, we aimed to test the long-term memory performance of probability-based and serial order-based regularities over a 1-year offline period in neurotypical children between the age of 9 and 15. Participants performed a visuomotor four-choice reaction time task designed to measure the acquisition of probability-based and serial order-based regularities simultaneously. Short-term consolidation effects were controlled by retesting their performance after a 5-h delay. They were then retested on the same task 1 year later without any practice between the sessions. Participants successfully acquired both probability-based and serial order-based regularities and retained both types of knowledge over the 1-year period. The successful retention was independent of age. Our study demonstrates that the representation of probability-based and serial order-based regularities remains stable over a long period of time. These findings offer indirect evidence for the developmental invariance model of skill consolidation
Regularity detection under stress: faster extraction of probability-based regularities
No full textAcute stress can crucially influence learning and memory processes. One of the key processes underlying human learning and memory is the ability of our brain to rapidly detect and extract regularities from sensory input across time and space leading to effective predictive processing. Here, we aimed to get an in-depth look into the effect of stress on the acquisition of two aspects of regularity extraction. We examined whether and how stress affects the learning (1) of probability-based regularities and (2) of serial order-based regularities in the same experimental design, and (3) the explicit access to the acquired information. Considering that the acquisition of probability-based regularities is a relatively rapid process, we primarily focused on the early phase of the task. We induced stress with the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test in 27 young adults, while 26 participants were enrolled in the control group. Salivary cortisol levels and subjective ratings of affective states showed successful stress induction. After the stress induction, we measured regularity extraction with the cued Alternating Serial Reaction Time task. We found that stress promoted the extraction of probability-based regularities measured by the learning performance in the early phase of the task and did not alter the learning of serial order-based regularities. Post-block reports showed weaker explicit access to the serial order-based regularities in the stress group. Our results can contribute to a process-level understanding on how stress alters learning and memory functions related to predictive processes
Data publication: Experimental and numerical investigation of a density-driven instability during a horizontal miscible displacement
No full textData from flow visualization experiments, results of numerical simulations and Particle Image Velocimetry image dat
